scholarly journals Cultivated Rice Varieties viewed from Root Characters : (VII) Some considerations on quantitative elements of the root system

1962 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamostu NAGAI ◽  
Shigemasa YOSHIDA ◽  
Yoshiro TATSUMICHI
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

Distribution and mapping of an active autonomous aDart element responsible for mobilizing nonautonomous nDart1 transposons in cultivated rice varieties

2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Nishimura ◽  
Nisar Ahmed ◽  
Kazuo Tsugane ◽  
Shigeru Iida ◽  
Masahiko Maekawa
Keyword(s):  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

Mycoflora associated with diseased rice grains in Bangladesh and their pathogenic potentiality

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 932-940
Author(s):  
Pranami Chowdhury ◽  
Shamim Shamsi ◽  
Hasna Hena Begum ◽  
Md Abul Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Aspergillus Clavatus ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Fifty six spotted rice grain samples of four commercially cultivated rice varieties namely BRRI 28, 29, Kalijira and Pajam were collected from 14 different districts of Bangladesh. Forty rice samples (Hybrid 2,3,4, BR7,11,12,14,16,22,23,25,26and BRRI28 to BRRI 55) were also collected from Bangladesh Rice Research Institute at Joydevpur. Twenty-fivespecies of fungi belonging to 15 genera were associated with these rice varieties. The isolated fungi were Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus clavatus, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A.niger, A. ochraceus, A.oryzae, A. terreus, Chaetomium globosum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Curvularia lunata, C. lunata var. aeria, Drechslera oryzae, Fusarium moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F. solani, Microdochium oryzae, Nigrospora oryzae, Penicillium spp., Pestalotiopsis guepinii, Sarocladium oryzae and Trichoderma viride. Amongst these fungi nine i.e. Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, Aspergillus flavus Link, Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn, Drechsler aoryzae Breda de Haan (Subramanian and Jain), Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon, F. solani (Mart.) Sacc., Microdochium oryzae (Hashloka and Yokogi) Sam. and Hal., Pestalotiopsis guepinii (Desm.) Stay. and Sarocladium oryzae (Sawada) W. Gams and D. Hawks were found to be pathogenic to rice seeds. The most predominant fungus was D. oryzae which was followed by A. flavus and the least incidence was observed in case of F. solani and P. guepinni. Bioresearch Commu. 7(1): 932-940, 2021 (January)

scholarly journals Characteristics of the root system in two Brazilian upland rice varieties which exhibit contrasting behavior towards drought tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-434
Author(s):  
Leandro Martins Ferreira ◽  
◽  
Cristiana Maia de Oliveira ◽  
Leilson Novaes Arruda ◽  
Renan Pinto Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root System ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

Whole grain morphology of Australian rice species

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kasem ◽  
D. L. E. Waters ◽  
N. Rice ◽  
F. M. Shapter ◽  
R. J. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Wild Rice ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Wild Rice Species ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Standard Classification ◽  
Novel Alleles ◽  
Grain Colour

The grain morphology of 17 wild rice relatives were studied by light and scanning electron microscopy and compared to two cultivated rice varieties (Oryza sativa cv. Nipponbare and O. sativa cv. Teqing). Observations were made of the grain colour, size and shape. Grains from wild rice species exhibited a variety of colours that have potential aesthetic and nutritional value. The grains of these species exhibited a wide array of sizes and shapes, but still fell within the standard classification scale that rice breeders use for routine breeding evaluation. These results highlight the potential of these species as whole grain foods or as sources of novel alleles in conventional rice breeding programmes.

Co-evolutionary associations between root-associated microbiomes and root transcriptomes in wild and cultivated rice varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Tian ◽  
Shaohua Shi ◽  
Lina Ma ◽  
Fahad Nasir ◽  
Xiujun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

scholarly journals Natural variations of SLG1 confer high-temperature tolerance in indica rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufang Xu ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Shujun Ou ◽  
Ruci Wang ◽  
Yueming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Living Organisms

Abstract With global warming and climate change, breeding crop plants tolerant to high-temperature stress is of immense significance. tRNA 2-thiolation is a highly conserved form of tRNA modification among living organisms. Here, we report the identification of SLG1 (Slender Guy 1), which encodes the cytosolic tRNA 2-thiolation protein 2 (RCTU2) in rice. SLG1 plays a key role in the response of rice plants to high-temperature stress at both seedling and reproductive stages. Dysfunction of SLG1 results in plants with thermosensitive phenotype, while overexpression of SLG1 enhances the tolerance of plants to high temperature. SLG1 is differentiated between the two Asian cultivated rice subspecies, indica and japonica, and the variations at both promoter and coding regions lead to an increased level of thiolated tRNA and enhanced thermotolerance of indica rice varieties. Our results demonstrate that the allelic differentiation of SLG1 confers indica rice to high-temperature tolerance, and tRNA thiolation pathway might be a potential target in the next generation rice breeding for the warming globe.

scholarly journals Evidence of selection, adaptation and untapped diversity in Vietnamese rice landraces

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Higgins ◽  
Bruno Santos ◽  
Tran Dang Khanh ◽  
Khuat Huu Trung ◽  
Tran Duy Duong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Landraces ◽  
Shared Ancestry ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
New Generation

AbstractVietnam possesses a vast diversity of rice landraces due to its geographical situation, latitudinal range, and a variety of ecosystems. This genetic diversity constitutes a highly valuable resource at a time when the highest rice production areas in the low-lying Mekong and Red River Deltas are enduring increasing threats from climate changes, particularly in rainfall and temperature patterns.We analysed 672 Vietnamese rice genomes, 616 newly sequenced, that encompass the range of rice varieties grown in the diverse ecosystems found throughout Vietnam. We described four Japonica and five Indica subpopulations within Vietnam likely adapted to the region of origin. We compared the population structure and genetic diversity of these Vietnamese rice genomes to the 3,000 genomes of Asian cultivated rice. The named Indica-5 (I5) subpopulation was expanded in Vietnam and contained lowland Indica accessions, which had with very low shared ancestry with accessions from any other subpopulation and were previously overlooked as admixtures. We scored phenotypic measurements for nineteen traits and identified 453 unique genotype-phenotype significant associations comprising twenty-one QTLs (quantitative trait loci). The strongest associations were observed for grain size traits, while weaker associations were observed for a range of characteristics, including panicle length, heading date and leaf width. We identified genomic regions selected in both Indica and Japonica subtypes during the breeding of these subpopulations within Vietnam and discuss in detail fifty-two selected regions in I5, which constitute an untapped resource of cultivated rice diversity.Our results highlight traits and their associated genomic regions, which were identified by fine phenotyping and data integration. These are a potential source of novel loci and alleles to breed a new generation of sustainable and resilient rice.

scholarly journals The effect of seed reproduction on rice yield structure

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. I. Kostylev ◽  
Yu. P. Teslya ◽  
E. S. Balyukova
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Change ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Reproduction Process ◽  
Disease Damage

Rice in the conditions of the Rostov region is an important food crop. The reproduction process of rice varieties results in its gradual deterioration because of mechanical, biological clogging, spontaneous pollination with impurities, followed by hybrid splitting, as well as an increase in the level of disease damage. Therefore, there is a constant need to update seeds of the cultivated rice varieties. The purpose of the study is to identify the dynamics of rice seed productivity change and elements of yield structure during their reproduction. In laboratory conditions, according to the standard methods there were determined “plant height”, “number and weight of stems and panicles per 1 m2, “length of panicle”, “number of full and empty spikelets on panicles”, and “1000 seed weight”. For the study there were taken the original seeds of the nursery for progeny testing (PIP), reproduction nursery (OS-1), superelite (OS-2) and elite (ES), the varieties “Akustik”, “Boyarin”, “Kuboyar” and “Yuzhanin” grown in the Proletarsky district of the Rostov Region in 2018–2019. It has been established that productivity tends to decrease from higher reproductions (reproduction nursery) to lower ones (elite seeds). The largest seed yield was obtained in the nursery for progeny testing, it was 9.2 t/ha on average for 4 varieties, exceeding the value of elite seeds on 3.2 t/ha.

scholarly journals FLOURY ENDOSPERM19 encoding a class I glutamine amidotransferase affects grain quality in rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangming Lou ◽  
Pingli Chen ◽  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Pingbo Li ◽  
Jiawang Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Class I ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Quality ◽  
Appearance Quality ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Glutamine Amidotransferase

Abstract As a staple food for more than half of the world’s population, the importance of rice is self-evident. Compared with ordinary rice, rice cultivars with superior eating quality and appearance quality are more popular with consumers due to its unique taste and ornamental value, even if their price is much higher. Appearance quality and CEQ (cooking and eating quality) are two very important aspects in the evaluation of rice quality. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study on chalkiness rate in a diverse panel of 533 cultivated rice accessions. We identified a batch of potential chalky genes and prioritize one (LOC_Os03g48060) for functional analyses. Two floury outer endosperm mutants (flo19-1 and flo19-2) were generated through editing LOC_Os03g48060 (named as FLO19 in this study), which encodes a class I glutamine amidotransferase. The different performance of the two mutants in various storage substances directly led to completely different changes in CEQ. The mutation of FLO19 gene caused the damage of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in rice, which affected the normal growth and development of rice, including decreased plant height and yield loss by decreased grain filling rate. Through haplotype analysis, we identified a haplotype of FLO19 that can improve both CEQ and appearance quality of rice, Hap2, which provides a selection target for rice quality improvement, especially for high-yield indica rice varieties.

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