Effect of Winter Weeds on Growth and Yield of Direct-Seeded Rice in No-tillage Dry Paddy Field.

Poor early growth and uneven crop establishment are reported as the major bottlenecks in wide-scale adoption and optimal yield realization of dry direct-seeded rice (DSR). Seed priming can potentially help overcome these problems in DSR. Therefore, laboratory and field studies were conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, during kharif/wet-season 2018 and 2019 to evaluate the effect of different priming techniques on germination, establishment, growth, and grain yield of rice under DSR conditions. The following priming treatments were evaluated: dry non-primed seed (control), hydropriming with distilled water, halopriming with 2.0% potassium nitrate, hormopriming with 50 ppm gibberellic acid (GA3), and osmopriming with polyethylene glycol (PEG)(−0.6 MPa), each with 12 and 24 h priming duration. In 2019, priming treatments were tested under two DSR establishment methods—conventional DSR (sowing in dry soil followed by irrigation) and soil mulch DSR (locally known as vattar DSR) (sowing in moist soil after pre-sowing irrigation), whereas in 2018, priming treatments were evaluated under conventional DSR only. In both years, halopriming and hormopriming resulted in a 7–11% increase in rice yields compared to non-primed dry seed (control). Osmopriming resulted in a 4% yield increase compared to control in 2018 but not in 2019. The higher yields in halopriming and hormopriming were attributed to higher and rapid germination/crop emergence, better root growth, and improvement in yield attributes. Priming effect on crop emergence, growth, and yield did not differ by DSR establishment methods and duration of priming. Conventional DSR and soil mulch DSR did not differ in grain yield, whereas they differed in crop emergence, growth, and yield attributes. These results suggest that halopriming with 2.0% potassium nitrate and hormopriming with 50 ppm GA3 has good potential to improve crop establishment and yield of rice in both conventional and soil mulch DSR systems.

Download Full-text

A, The ESTIMATION OF ECONOMIC THRESHOLDS OF JUNGLE RICE (ECHINOCHLOA COLONA L.) AND FALSE AMARANTH (DIGERA ARVENSIS FORSSK.) IN DIRECT SEEDED RICE

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH ◽

10.28941/pjwsr.v26i4.890 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 507-523

Author(s):

Amir Ehsan ◽

Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1 ◽

Amjed Ali

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Field Trials ◽

Research Area ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Rice Grain ◽

College Of Agriculture ◽

Competitive Index ◽

Economic Thresholds ◽

Direct Seeded

ABSTRACT There is little understanding about ecological interference of weeds in direct-seeded rice. To get estimates of economic thresholds of two weeds in direct seeded rice, two-year field trials were conducted at research area of College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Punjab-Pakistan. Treatments included 0, 22, 44, 66 and 88 plants m-2 densities of each of Echinochloa colona and Digera arvensis laid out in randomized complete block design. Augmented densities of E. colona (0, 22, 44, 66 and 88 weed plants m-2) enhanced its plant dry biomass up to 348 and 353%; and relative competitive index maximally to 80 and 77% in years 2015 and 2016, respectively. While the corresponding increases in plant dry weight and relative competitive index of D. arvensis were 367 and 360% and 79 and 82%. The enhancement in N (up to 258 & 257 %), P (up to 220 & 232%) and K (up to 293 & 301%) uptake in years 2015 and 2016, respectively were made by E. Colona whereas the corresponding increases in N, P and K assimilation by D. arvensis were as far as 265 & 257%, 238 & 233% and 305 & 298%, respectively. The declines in growth and yield of rice were observed in response to growing number of both the weeds. Rice grain yield losses ranged between 9.8 to 80% and 28 to 80% by E. Colona and D. arvensis. The economic thresholds of false amaranth and jungle rice were estimated to be 1.6-1.4 plants m-2 and 2.2-2.6 plants m-2, respectively.

Download Full-text

Nitrogen fertilization of vegetables cultivated under no-tillage after cover crops

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-053620170116 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 103-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Roberto BF Branco ◽

Sally F Blat ◽

Tais GS Gimenes ◽

Rodrigo HD Nowaki ◽

Humberto S Araújo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Nitrate Concentration ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

No Tillage ◽

Biological Fixation ◽

Sunn Hemp ◽

Nitrogen Rates

ABSTRACT The production of horticultural crops in no-tillage and in rotation with cover crops reduces the dependency in nitrogen fertilizer, due to increased soil organic matter and by biological fixation performed by legumes. Thus, the aim of this work was to study rates of nitrogen fertilization and cover crops in the agronomic performance of tomato and broccoli grown under no-tillage. The experiment was conducted in a split plot design with four replications. Treatments consisted of cover crops, sunn hemp and millet, and four rates of nitrogen fertilization (0, 50, 100 and 200 kg/ha of nitrogen), for both the tomato and broccoli crops. All soil management was performed in no-tillage. For tomato crops we evaluated the plant growth, the nitrate concentration of sprouts and fruits and yield of commercial and non commercial fruits. For broccoli we evaluated plant growth and yield. There was an interaction effect between cover crop and nitrogen rates to tomato growth measured at 100 days after transplanting, for plant height, number of fruit bunches, dry mass of leaves and diameter of the stalk. The tomato commercial fruit number and yield showed maximum values with 137 and 134 kg/ha of N respectively, on the sunn hemp straw. The nitrate concentration of the tomato sprouts was linearly increasing with the increase of nitrogen rates, when grown on the millet straw. For broccoli production, the maximum fresh mass of commercial inflorescence was with 96 kg/ha of N, when grown on the millet straw.

Download Full-text

Plant Growth and Yield Response of Tillage in Wheat Crop with Rotavator and Subsoiler Combination and No Tillage

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ◽

10.20546/ijcmas.2018.703.192 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (03) ◽

pp. 1597-1600

Author(s):

Sushil Kumar ◽

Mukesh Jain ◽

Vijaya Rani ◽

Vinod Kumar ◽

Anil Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Response ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

No Tillage

Download Full-text

Influence of nitrogen levels and seed rates on growth and yield of puddled direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)

International Journal of Chemical Studies ◽

10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i6ac.11068 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 2035-2039

Author(s):

Kangujam Bokado ◽

Vikram Singh ◽

Rowndel Khwairakpam

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

Direct Seeded

Download Full-text

Effects of the Rotary Tilling and Ridge-making Implement on the Growth and Yield of Six-rowed Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in an Upland Field Converted from Paddy Field in Hokuriku Region

Japanese Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.1626/jcs.81.49 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 49-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sachiko Ikenaga ◽

Hisashi Hosokawa ◽

Kazuhide Adachi ◽

Satoshi Ohno ◽

Mikio Nomura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Paddy Field ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Upland Field

Download Full-text

Influence of Pine Straw Harvesting, Prescribed Fire, and Fertilization on a Louisiana Longleaf Pine Site

Southern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/sjaf/33.3.115 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 115-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

James D. Haywood

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Prescribed Burning ◽

Longleaf Pine ◽

Pinus Palustris ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Prescribed Burn ◽

Straw Management ◽

Pine Straw ◽

Main Plot ◽

Direct Seeded

Abstract This research was initiated in a 34-year-old, direct-seeded stand of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) to study how pine straw management practices (harvesting, fire, and fertilization) affected the longleaf pine overstory and pine straw yields. A randomized complete block split-plot design was installed with two main plot treatments: (1) no fertilization and (2) fertilization with 45 lb N and 50 lb P/ac in April 1991 and May 1997 and with 50 lb P and 72 lb K/ac in April 2004. There were four subplot treatments: (1) control—no activity except a standwide thinning in June 1999, (2) prescribed burn 6 times from March 1991 through May 2004, (3) prescribed burned as in subplot treatment 2 and pine straw harvested in early 1992 and 1993, and (4) annual harvest of pine straw 13 times from early 1992 through April 2006. Fertilization did not affect longleaf pine growth and yield over the 15-year study. Subplot management also did not influence longleaf pine growth possibly because the adverse effects that competition, repeated prescribed burning, and litter removal have on longleaf pine growth could not be separated among subplot treatments. Fertilization did not directly affect pine straw yields; however, it appeared that pine straw yields decreased over time.

Download Full-text