Nitrogen Fertilization of Direct‐Seeded Flooded vs. Transplanted Rice: I. Nitrogen Uptake, Photosynthesis, Growth, and Yield

This study was conducted to evaluate few elite rice genotypes in wet-direct seeded system vis-à-vis conventional transplanting in clayey vertisol of Telangana during two consecutive seasons (rabi and kharif) of 2015-16. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with two methods of crop establishment in main plots viz. conventional transplanting (CT) and direct seeded rice (DSR) in puddled condition with nine rice varieties of different growth duration in sub-plots and replicated thrice. Growth and yield attributing characters were not differed in both the establishment techniques. Grain yields during the rabi season was higher by about 1.5 % under DSR, whereas, during kharif it was about 1 % higher in transplanted rice. Total duration of cultivars was decreased in DSR to the tune of 14 days during two seasons. There was no significant difference in mean grain yield across rice cultivars in two consecutive growing seasons between direct seeding and conventional transplanting. During rabi season DRR Dhan 44, Rasi, DRRH-2, HRI-174, RNR 15048, RP Bio-226 performed well; whereas Rasi, DRR Dhan 44, DRRH-2 and Varadhan found suitable in kharif.

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NITROUS OXIDE EMISSION AND NITROGEN UPTAKE AFFECTED BY SOIL AMENDMENT AND NEMATICIDE IN RAINFED RICE SOILS AT CENTRAL JAVA

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.21082/ijas.v14n2.2013.45-54 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

A. Wihardjaka ◽

S. Djalal Tandjung ◽

B. Hendro Sunarminto ◽

Eko Sugiharto

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Nitrogen Uptake ◽

Soil Amendment ◽

N2o Emission ◽

Lowland Rice ◽

Rice Soils ◽

Transplanted Rice ◽

Rainfed Rice ◽

Rainfed Lowland ◽

Direct Seeded

Rice cultivation is one of the antropogenic sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission that is produced by microbiological nitrification-denitrification processes. Incorporating soil amendment in rainfed rice soil attempted to increase soil productivity, while nematicide application aimed to maintain root growth system. Incorporating soil amendment and nematicide application are predicted to suppress N2O production in lowland rice. The objective of this research was to study the interaction of soil organic amendment and nematicide on N2O emission and nitrogen uptake from rainfed lowland rice soils. A field experiment was conducted in rainfed lowland rice soils during 2010/2011 wet season (direct seeded rice) and 2011 dry season (transplanted rice). The 3 x 3 factorial trial was arranged in a randomized completely block design with three replications. The first factor was soil amendment consisted of without rice straw, fresh rice straw and composted rice straw. The second factor was nematicide application consisted of without nematicide, neemcake and carbofuran. Variables measured were N2O flux, rice grain yield and nitrogen uptake. Incorporation of fresh and composted rice straws reduced N2O flux about 49.2% and 59.9% in transplanted rice, and 32.9% and 28.2% in direct seeded rice, respectively. The neemcake application reduced N2O emission about 44-50%, while carbofuran application decreased N2O emission by 23-35%. Neemcake has a good potential as nitrification inhibitor of N2O emission, so the neem trees have a prospect to be cultivated intensively. The reduction of N2O emission was effective in direct seeded rice system with the application of neemcake and fresh rice straw, however, in transplanted rice system it was effective with neemcake and composted rice straw applications. <br />

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Comparison of Direct Seeded and Transplanted Rice in Response to Zinc under Salt-Affected Soil

Biological Sciences - PJSIR ◽

10.52763/pjsir.biol.sci.60.2.2017.112.114 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 112-114

Author(s):

Muhammad Arshad Ullah ◽

Imdad Ali Mahmood ◽

Badar-uz- Zaman ◽

Syed Ishtiaq Haider ◽

Muhammad Suhaib ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Plant Height ◽

Soil Salinity ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Salt Affected Soil ◽

Transplanted Rice ◽

Direct Seeded ◽

Different Levels ◽

Paddy Yield

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different levels of Zn (0, 5, 10, 15kg/ha) on growth and yield of direct seeded and transplanted rice (Oryza sativa) under naturally salt-affected soil having pH=8.32; ECe=6.41dS/m; SAR=26.71(mmolc/L)½ at the farm of Soil Salinity ResearchInstitute, Pindi Bhattian during 2013. Plant height, number of tillers/plant, panicle length and number ofgrains/panicle were higher in transplanted rice than direct seeded rice at all Zn levels. Maximum paddyyield (2.61 t/ha) of direct seeded rice was attained with the application of 10 kg Zn/ha closely followedby 15 kg Zn/ha application (2.41 t/ha) which was statistical at par with paddy yield (2.45 t/ha) of transplantedrice in salt-affected field. However, overall paddy yield of direct seeded rice was 5 % higher than thetransplanted rice.

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NITROUS OXIDE EMISSION AND NITROGEN UPTAKE AFFECTED BY SOIL AMENDMENT AND NEMATICIDE IN RAINFED RICE SOILS AT CENTRAL JAVA

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.21082/ijas.v14n2.2013.p45-54 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

A. Wihardjaka ◽

S. Djalal Tandjung ◽

B. Hendro Sunarminto ◽

Eko Sugiharto

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Nitrogen Uptake ◽

Soil Amendment ◽

N2o Emission ◽

Lowland Rice ◽

Rice Soils ◽

Transplanted Rice ◽

Rainfed Rice ◽

Rainfed Lowland ◽

Direct Seeded

Rice cultivation is one of the antropogenic sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission that is produced by microbiological nitrification-denitrification processes. Incorporating soil amendment in rainfed rice soil attempted to increase soil productivity, while nematicide application aimed to maintain root growth system. Incorporating soil amendment and nematicide application are predicted to suppress N2O production in lowland rice. The objective of this research was to study the interaction of soil organic amendment and nematicide on N2O emission and nitrogen uptake from rainfed lowland rice soils. A field experiment was conducted in rainfed lowland rice soils during 2010/2011 wet season (direct seeded rice) and 2011 dry season (transplanted rice). The 3 x 3 factorial trial was arranged in a randomized completely block design with three replications. The first factor was soil amendment consisted of without rice straw, fresh rice straw and composted rice straw. The second factor was nematicide application consisted of without nematicide, neemcake and carbofuran. Variables measured were N2O flux, rice grain yield and nitrogen uptake. Incorporation of fresh and composted rice straws reduced N2O flux about 49.2% and 59.9% in transplanted rice, and 32.9% and 28.2% in direct seeded rice, respectively. The neemcake application reduced N2O emission about 44-50%, while carbofuran application decreased N2O emission by 23-35%. Neemcake has a good potential as nitrification inhibitor of N2O emission, so the neem trees have a prospect to be cultivated intensively. The reduction of N2O emission was effective in direct seeded rice system with the application of neemcake and fresh rice straw, however, in transplanted rice system it was effective with neemcake and composted rice straw applications. <br />

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Lowland ecotype Cyperus rotundus L. affects growth and yield of rice under flooded conditions in the Philippines

10.1101/2021.09.22.461350 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dindo King M. Donayre ◽

Jessica Joyce L. Jimenez ◽

Anna Maria Lourdes S. Latonio ◽

Edwin C. Martin ◽

Bhagirath S. Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Control Strategy ◽

Root Biomass ◽

The Philippines ◽

Height Growth ◽

Cyperus Rotundus ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Transplanted Rice ◽

Direct Seeded ◽

Experimental Runs ◽

Shoot And Root Biomass

AbstractLowland ecotype Cyperus rotundus L. has been reported infesting irrigated lowland ricefields in the Philippines. Its effects on growth and yield of rice under flooded conditions are unknown. Two experimental runs were conducted in a screenhouse to determine the growth of lowland ecotype C. rotundus with transplanted rice and wet direct-seeded rice at a sowing density of 0, 22, 44, 66, and 88 tubers m-2; and its effect on growth and yield of rice. Except for height, growth variables of lowland ecotype C. rotundus were increased with the increase in its initial tuber densities. Compared with 22 tubers m-2, its number of off-shoots and tubers, and shoot and root biomass at 44 to 88 tubers m-2 increased by up to 3x. Growth variables of rice were reduced by the weed. Grain yield of transplanted rice was reduced by 14 to 38%; wet direct-seeded rice by 11 to 28%. Results suggest that lowland ecotype C. rotundus can grow well and reduce growth and yield of rice under flooded conditions. It also imply the need of developing a holistic weed control strategy against the weed.

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EFFECT OF PLANT NUMBER PER HOLE AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SNAK CUCUMBER PLANTS (Cucumis melo var. fhexuoses Naud.) GROWN IN SOUTHERN IRAQ

Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.33762/bagrs.2011.58585 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 27-37

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Cucumis Melo ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Southern Iraq

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Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate and Gibberellic Acid Enhances the Performance of Dry Direct Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in North-Western India

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11050849 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 849

Author(s):

Buta Singh Dhillon ◽

Virender Kumar ◽

Pardeep Sagwal ◽

Navjyot Kaur ◽

Gurjit Singh Mangat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Potassium Nitrate ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Western India ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Crop Establishment ◽

Direct Seeded

Poor early growth and uneven crop establishment are reported as the major bottlenecks in wide-scale adoption and optimal yield realization of dry direct-seeded rice (DSR). Seed priming can potentially help overcome these problems in DSR. Therefore, laboratory and field studies were conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, during kharif/wet-season 2018 and 2019 to evaluate the effect of different priming techniques on germination, establishment, growth, and grain yield of rice under DSR conditions. The following priming treatments were evaluated: dry non-primed seed (control), hydropriming with distilled water, halopriming with 2.0% potassium nitrate, hormopriming with 50 ppm gibberellic acid (GA3), and osmopriming with polyethylene glycol (PEG)(−0.6 MPa), each with 12 and 24 h priming duration. In 2019, priming treatments were tested under two DSR establishment methods—conventional DSR (sowing in dry soil followed by irrigation) and soil mulch DSR (locally known as vattar DSR) (sowing in moist soil after pre-sowing irrigation), whereas in 2018, priming treatments were evaluated under conventional DSR only. In both years, halopriming and hormopriming resulted in a 7–11% increase in rice yields compared to non-primed dry seed (control). Osmopriming resulted in a 4% yield increase compared to control in 2018 but not in 2019. The higher yields in halopriming and hormopriming were attributed to higher and rapid germination/crop emergence, better root growth, and improvement in yield attributes. Priming effect on crop emergence, growth, and yield did not differ by DSR establishment methods and duration of priming. Conventional DSR and soil mulch DSR did not differ in grain yield, whereas they differed in crop emergence, growth, and yield attributes. These results suggest that halopriming with 2.0% potassium nitrate and hormopriming with 50 ppm GA3 has good potential to improve crop establishment and yield of rice in both conventional and soil mulch DSR systems.

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Nitrogen Fertilization Effects on Physiology of the Cotton Boll–Leaf System

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9060271 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 271

Author(s):

Jing Chen ◽

Liantao Liu ◽

Zhanbiao Wang ◽

Hongchun Sun ◽

Yongjiang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Yellow River ◽

Yellow River Basin ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

The Yellow River ◽

Nitrogen Rate ◽

The Yellow River Basin ◽

Source Sink ◽

Subtending Leaves

The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of nitrogen on the physiological characteristics of the source–sink system of upper fruiting branches under various amounts of nitrogen fertilization. A two-year field experiment was conducted with a Bt cotton cultivar in the Yellow River Basin of China. The growth and yield of cotton of the upper fruiting branches were compared under four nitrogen levels: Control (N0, 0 kg ha−1), low nitrogen (N1, 120 kg ha−1), moderate nitrogen (N2, 240 kg ha−1), and high nitrogen (N3, 480 kg ha−1). The results indicated that in the subtending leaves in upper fruiting branches, chlorophyll content, protein content, and peroxidase (POD) activity dramatically increased with nitrogen application, reaching the highest under the moderate nitrogen treatment. The physiological characters in the seeds had the same trends as in the subtending leaves. Furthermore, the moderate nitrogen rate (240 kg ha−1) had a favorable yield and quality. Our results supported that a moderate nitrogen rate (240 kg ha−1) could coordinate the source–sink growth of cotton in the late stage, enhance the yield and fiber quality, and decrease the cost of fertilizer in the Yellow River Basin of China and other similar ecological areas.

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