A “Glimpse through an Interstice Caught”: Fictional Portrayals of Male Homosexual Life in Twentieth-Century Sydney

PMLA ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 344-347
Author(s):  
Garry Wotherspoon
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Mardi Gras ◽  
Male Homosexual ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Social ◽  
Homosexual Activity ◽  
The 1960S

Sydney is probably best known nowadays for its annual gay and lesbian mardi gras parade, beamed worldwide to millions of TV and Internet viewers, marking it as one of the iconic gay cities of the contemporary world. And while Sydney also had a reputation from its earliest convict-colony days as a city with high levels of homosexual activity—one early chief justice damned it as a “Sodom” in the South Pacific (UK, Parliament, 18 Apr. 1837, 518; question 505)—only in the last two or three decades have Sydney's homosexual or gay subcultures openly flourished and, perhaps grudgingly, been accepted. Indeed, from its earliest days until some years after World War II, Australia was in the grip of Victorian moralistic attitudes, only finally broken by the countercultural revolution of the 1960s and the social movements from the 1970s.

Introduction: Mrs. A. and Dev Satya Nand

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-40
Author(s):  
Sarah Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Young Woman ◽  
Social World ◽  
New Method ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
World War ◽  
Dream Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Mind

In the middle of World War II and at the end of colonial rule, a young woman in Punjab met with family friend Dev Satya Nand as a willing participant in his new method of dream analysis. This chapter introduces Mrs. A., Satya Nand, and the outlines of the case, which began with a discussion of bringing “Hindu Socialism” to Indian peasants and turned into an exploration of love, sexuality, ambition, and life after marriage. The case appeared early in the career of Satya Nand, a prolific but little remembered figure in twentieth-century Indian psychiatry, who theorized complex connections between the mind and the social world, casting the psyche as an organic vehicle for ethical imagination. This introduction also introduces Draupadi, Shakuntala, and Ahalya, central mythic figures who entered Mrs. A.’s musings and Satya Nand’s science. It asks what it means to begin a conversation about ethics from elsewhere than the usual sources in European myth and philosophy, and wonders at how we might consider this narrative in and beyond its place and time, Punjab on the eve of Partition, considering what it demands of us as readers of and alongside Mrs. A., an anonymous yet intimate voice.

Introduction

Mahjong ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Annelise Heinz
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
World War ◽  
The Social ◽  
Changing Roles ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

The Introduction provides an orientation to the book and its key questions: What did it mean to become “modern” in the early twentieth century? How did American ethnicities take shape in the years leading up to and after World War II? How did middle-class women experience and shape their changing roles in society, before the social revolutions of the late twentieth century? How are these things related? The Introduction also covers an overview of mahjong’s trajectory in the United States. It examines background related to the history of leisure, gender, and consumerism in addition to introducing key sources and methodologies. The introduction sets up the book to tell the story of mahjong’s role in the creation of identifiably ethnic communities, women’s access to respectable leisure, and how Americans used ideas of China to understand themselves.

1968: Europe in Technicolour

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Klimke
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Baby Boom ◽  
European Countries ◽  
World War ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Cold War

Even after more than four decades, the events of the tumultuous year 1968 still mesmerise and polarise Europe, both culturally and politically. Although prominent representatives of the continent's student revolt have called for people to ‘forget 68’, Europeans have entered the historicisation and memorialisation process for this period with vigour. Among the causes and contexts of the social movements, acts of dissent, and youthful revolts that are commonly subsumed under the cipher ‘1968’, the Cold War and the division of Europe after 1945 usually enjoy pride of place, although these were by no means the only influences. The rapid demographic changes after World War II were probably the primary force that shaped the context in which the opposition of the youth was to unfold. The postwar baby boom reached its climax in 1947, coinciding with a massive economic growth in many Northern and Western European countries that reached into all segments of society and proved particularly beneficial to the lower middle and working classes.

Family and Childhood

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L. King
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Childhood And Youth ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Annales School

Scholars largely neglected the history of the family until after World War II, when they began to employ theoretical perspectives imported from the social sciences. In the 1960s, two principal figures triggered its study: Philippe Ariès, associated with the French Annales school, and Peter Laslett, cofounder at Cambridge University, England, of the Cambridge Group for the History of Population and Social Structure. Since that period, studies have proliferated on the history of family and household in Europe and its subregions and on the related topics of childhood and youth.

scholarly journals Racial and Social Prejudice in the Colonial Empire

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-44
Author(s):  
Patrícia Ferraz de Matos
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Interracial Marriage ◽  
World War ◽  
The Social ◽  
Colonial Empire ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Social Prejudice ◽  
Scientific Fields

This article analyses the issue of miscegenation in Portugal, which is directly associated with the context of its colonial empire, from late nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries. The analysis considers sources from both literary and scientific fields. Subsequently, aspects such as interracial marriage, degeneration and segregation as well as the changes brought about by the end of World War II and the social revolutions of the 1960s are considered. The 1980s brought several changes in the attitude towards Portuguese identity and nationality, which had meanwhile cut loose from its colonial context. Crossbreeding was never actually praised in the Portuguese colonial context, and despite still having strong repercussions in the present day, lusotropicalism was based on a fallacious rhetoric of politically motivated propaganda.

Indignation and Claims for Economic Sovereignty in Europe and the Americas: Renewing the Project of Control over Production

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Casassas ◽  
Sérgio Franco ◽  
Bru Laín ◽  
Edgar Manjarín ◽  
Rommy Morales Olivares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Latin America ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
North America ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
World War ◽  
Turn On ◽  
The Social ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Working Populations

This chapter focuses on contemporary social movements in Europe and Latin America that are taking shape as forms of action that aim not only at defending some achievements of ‘reformed capitalism’ but also at exploring the possibility of forms of social and economic organisation that go beyond purely capitalist logics. More specifically, it examines the efforts of these movements as they try to regain control over production and distribution. The chapter first considers the meaning of the post-World War II ‘social deal’ as well as the actors, historical trajectories and societal self-understandings that contributed to its emergence. It then explains why, both in Europe and North America and in Latin America, the guarantee of degrees of socio-economic security went hand in hand with a decrease of collective economic sovereignty. It also analyses the effects of the neo-liberal turn on the working populations' socio-economic security and on the social deal.

Census and Sensibilities in Sarajevo

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fran Markowitz
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Decennial Census ◽  
Self Management ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Kingdom Of Yugoslavia

During the latter part of the twentieth century, there was a country called Yugoslavia. Built on the ruins of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the post-World War II Socialist Federated Republic of Yugoslavia was an ethnically diverse state comprised of six republics, which, by the 1960s, was committed to a foreign policy of non-alignment and to the domestic programs of worker self–management and “brotherhood and unity” among its peoples (see, e.g., Banac 1984; P. Ramet 1985; Shoup 1968; Zimmerman 1987). Like most other European states, the decennial census became a defining feature of Yugoslavia's sovereignty and modernity (Kertzer and Arel 2002: 7).

Ideology and General Theory: The Case of Sociological Functionalism

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Huaco
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Symbolic Interaction ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Talcott Parsons ◽  
World War ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
American Sociology ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1960S

It is a commonplace of our recent past that functionalism and the second system of Talcott Parsons (a distinctive version of functionalism) rose to power or attained hegemony in American sociology shortly after the end of World War II, retained this hegemony through the 1950s and 1960s, and lost a near-exclusive hold in the early 1970s when many of the younger sociologists abandoned a holist or transindividual perspective in favor of an interpersonal face-to-face context (associated with the social psychological concerns of symbolic interaction and ethnomethodology). What accounts for this? Why did functionalism and the second system of Parsons capture the intellectual allegiance of so many intelligent men and women in American sociology precisely at the end of World War II? What explains the almost total hegemony of this persuasion of general theory for more than two decades? Finally, what accounts for the fact that many younger sociologists withdrew their allegiance to these views at the end of the 1960s or early 1970s?

The Contribution of Desmond Paul Henry (1921–2004) to Twentieth-Century Computer Art

Leonardo ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine O’Hanrahan
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Computer Art ◽  
World War ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
The 1960S

This paper describes the series of three electronic drawing machines Desmond Paul Henry constructed during the 1960s from World War II analogue bombsight computers and which, by virtue of their inspiration, idiosyncratic modus operandi and analogue-derived effects, earn Henry a place as a British computer art pioneer. The abstract graphic results of these now-defunct drawing machines are presented as precursors to digital images.

Manifestations of Imperial Terror in Colonial Kenya, 1890s–1960s

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy H. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
World War ◽  
Mau Mau ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Internal Struggle ◽  
The 1960S

This chapter analyzes political violence in Kenya from the late nineteenth century to the 1960s. In a study of the “pacification campaigns” conducted by the Imperial British East Africa Company against the Kikuyu and Nandi communities at the turn of the twentieth century, the chapter describes the use of spectacular violence on both sides. It then offers an explanation for why there were no major outbursts of political violence during the Kenyan colonial regime. Finally, it analyzes the internal struggle in post‒World War II Kenya known as the “Mau Mau Emergency,” which has conventionally been characterized as a nationalist uprising but which was in fact a Kikuyu civil war that had the effect of a neo-pacification campaign. The chapter thus calls into question basic assumptions about powerless nonstate actors and a powerful state, inviting a reevaluation of these ideas by scholars of terrorism.

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