Philosophical Aurality

PMLA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-418
Author(s):  
Francois Noudelmann
Keyword(s):  
Oral Language ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Ancient Philosophy ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pass Through

The Notion of Aurality, by Going Beyond the Usual Distinction Between Written and Oral Language, Raises Questions About the nature of listening while reading. The academic rehabilitation of orality in relation to writing has certainly made way for audible performing arts. It has also led to reassessments of cultures in all continents and archipelagoes that favor oral transmission. However, this attention to the auditory should not cause us to forget an orality inside writing, which comes not only from its inspiration but also from its very material. Let us therefore follow Friedrich Nietzsche's injunction to remove the plugs from our ears (332) and forget the legend of ideas being silent, abstracted from any sonic reality. Even if we do not use the expression “oral philosophy,” we must remember that many discourses since antiquity, especially those of Socrates, have been oral performances. Our reading of ancient philosophy should therefore be sensitive to this acoustic dimension. But Western philosophy has constantly been suspicious of hearing, probably because the ear is always suspected of passivity, compared to an eye that objectifies reality. Since the ears have no lids to interrupt perception, they allow the sonic matter of the world to pass through without the subject's being able to control it. Consequently, the history of metaphysics presents a series of interdictions against sounds, and warnings about their enchanting power and their betrayal of the meaning they are supposed to carry. The desire to channel and domesticate the anarchy of sounds reflects a philosophical malentendu: sound is both misheard and misunderstood.

scholarly journals TIME THROUGH TIME: ITS EVOLUTION THROUGH WESTERN PHILOSOPHY IN SEVEN IDEAS

Think ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (58) ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Emily Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Western Philosophy ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACTWhat is time? Just like everything else in the world, our understanding of time has changed continually over time. This article tracks this question through the history of Western philosophy and looks at major answers from the likes of Aristotle, Kant, and McTaggart.

A Cultural History Of Color in the Renaissance

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Material World ◽  
Color Terms ◽  
Global Circulation ◽  
The World ◽  
Color Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychology Literature

A Cultural History of Color in the Renaissance covers the period 1400 to 1650, a time of change, conflict, and transformation. Innovations in color production transformed the material world of the Renaissance, especially in ceramics, cloth, and paint. Collectors across Europe prized colorful objects such as feathers and gemstones as material illustrations of foreign lands. The advances in technology and the increasing global circulation of colors led to new color terms enriching language. Color shapes an individual’s experience of the world and also how society gives particular spaces, objects, and moments meaning. The 6 volume set of the Cultural History of Color examines how color has been created, traded, used, and interpreted over the last 5000 years. The themes covered in each volume are color philosophy and science; color technology and trade; power and identity; religion and ritual; body and clothing; language and psychology; literature and the performing arts; art; architecture and interiors; and artefacts. Volume 3 in the Cultural History of Color set. General Editors: Carole P. Biggam and Kirsten Wolf

A Cultural History of Color in the Age of Industry

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Industrial Manufacturing ◽  
The World ◽  
Color Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Color Printing ◽  
Psychology Literature

Volume 5 A Cultural History of Color in the Age of Industry covers the period 1800 to 1920, when the world embraced color like never before. Inventions, such as steam power, lithography, photography, electricity, motor cars, aviation, and cheaper color printing, all contributed to a new exuberance about color. Available pigments and colored products – made possible by new technologies, industrial manufacturing, commercialization, and urbanization – also greatly increased, as did illustrated printed literature for the mass market. Color, both literally and metaphorically, was splashed around, and became an expressive tool for artists, designers, and writers. Color shapes an individual’s experience of the world and also how society gives particular spaces, objects, and moments meaning. The 6 volume set of the Cultural History of Color examines how color has been created, traded, used, and interpreted over the last 5000 years. The themes covered in each volume are color philosophy and science; color technology and trade; power and identity; religion and ritual; body and clothing; language and psychology; literature and the performing arts; art; architecture and interiors; and artefacts. Volume 5 in the Cultural History of Color set. General Editors: Carole P. Biggam and Kirsten Wolf

Bonds of Trust

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 289-309
Author(s):  
Max Schaefer ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Reciprocal Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

This paper seeks to address whether human life harbours the possibility of a gratuitous or non-reciprocal form of trust. To address this issue, I take up Descartes’ account of the cogito as the essence of all appearing. With his interpretation of Descartes’ account of the cogito as an immanent and affective mode of appearing, I maintain that Henry provides the transcendental foundation for a non-reciprocal form of trust, which the history of Western philosophy has largely covered over by forgetting this aspect of Descartes’ thought. I demonstrate that Heidegger’s reading of Descartes serves as a pre-eminent example of this. Because Heidegger overlooks Descartes’ insight into the essence of appearing, and reduces this essence to the finite transcendence of the world, I maintain that Heidegger reduces trust to reciprocal relations of understanding between beings of shared contexts of significance.

Fenomenologi Sebagai Filsafat dan Usaha Kembali Ke Permulaan

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Thomas Hidya Tjaya
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Human Life ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
World Science ◽  
Phenomenological Movement ◽  
Phenomenology Of Perception ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Abstrak: Dalam pengantar pada karyanya Phenomenology of Perception, Merleau-Ponty praktis mengidentikkan filsafat dengan fenomenologi sebagai usaha untuk mempelajari kembali bagaimana cara melihat dunia. Dalam upaya tersebut ia mengajak pembaca, mengikuti slogan khas fenomenologi Husserl, untuk kembali ke permulaan atau bendabenda itu sendiri. Yang menarik adalah bahwa permulaan yang dianalisis oleh Merleau-Ponty justru tubuh manusia, sebuah dimensi yang cenderung dipandang rendah dalam sejarah filsafat Barat. Ia tidak sendirian dalam hal ini, mengingat dalam fenomenologinya Levinas juga menekankan sensibilitas sebagai locus etika. Menurut penulis, gerakan fenomenologi menuju hal yang sensibel (the sensible) ini tidaklah mengubah hakikat filsafat sebagai usaha untuk mencari asal mula realitas. Realitas yang tersingkap dalam orientasi demikian justru menjadi lebih integral dan komprehensif daripada apa yang selama ini dikenal dalam sejarah filsafat dan sains. Meskipun demikian, orientasi pada pengalaman konkret manusia untuk menggali dasar realitas secara potensial menimbulkan masalah bagi fenomenologi itu sendiri yang selalu ingin kembali ke permulaan. Kata-kata Kunci: Fenomenologi, asal mula, permulaan, ada-dalam-dunia, sains. Abstract: In the Preface to his work Phenomenology of Perception Merleau-Ponty virtually identifies philosophy with phenomenology as a way of relearning to see the world. For this purpose he invites the reader, following the catchphrase in Husserl’s phenomenology, to return to the beginning or the things themselves. What is interesting is that the beginning that Merleau-Ponty analyzes is the human body, which belongs to a dimension that tends to be despised in the history of Western philosophy. He is not alone in this type of investigation, as Levinas also emphasizes sensibility as the locus of ethics. The author argues that the phenomenological movement towards the sensible does not alter the nature of philosophy as an attempt to seek for the nature of reality. The reality as disclosed in this analysis can be more integral and comprehensive than what is usually presented in the history of philosophy and science. The orientation towards the concrete dimension of human life in search for the foundation of reality, however, may cause a problem for phenomenology itself insofar as it always tries to return to the beginning. Keywords: Phenomenology, origin, beginning, being-in-the-world, science.

Romanticism, German

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Beiser
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
German Romanticism ◽  
Friedrich Schlegel ◽  
Aesthetics And Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mechanistic Worldview ◽  
Specific Culture

Because Romanticism has many meanings which vary according to time and place, it is best to examine the movement in a specific culture and period. Of all the phases of Romanticism, early German Romanticism is of special importance in the history of Western philosophy. The early German Romantics – Friedrich Schlegel, Friedrich von Hardenberg, Schleiermacher and Schelling – developed influential ideas in the fields of metaphysics, ethics, aesthetics and politics. The aim of their movement was essentially social and political: to overcome the alienation and disenchantment created by modernity, and to restore unity with oneself, others and nature. In accord with this aim, the Romantics advocated an ethics of love and self-realization, in opposition to hedonism and the Kantian ethic of duty. They championed an ideal of community against the competitive egoism of modern society; and, finally, they developed an organic concept of nature against the mechanistic worldview of Cartesian physics. Romantic ethics, politics and aesthetics should all be seen in the light of their essential cultural goal: to cure humanity of homesickness and to make people feel at home in the world again.

The Historical Background

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svend Brinkmann
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
John Locke ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Modern Natural ◽  
Modern Natural Science ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

This chapter presents a selected history of Western philosophy from the Greeks to modern times, arguing that the very idea of qualitative research is a child of modernity’s split between the objective and subjective, quanta and qualia. This split became significant with the birth of modern natural science (Galilei, Newton, and Descartes), giving rise to the question of how to study those aspects of the world that do not seem to fit the perspective of the physical sciences. This question was answered in different ways by the British empiricists from John Locke onwards and also by Immanuel Kant in Germany.

To disorder and discompose the whole machine of the world: adam smith, epicurus and lucretius

2012 ◽  
pp. 267-276
Author(s):  
Warren Montag
Keyword(s):  
Adam Smith ◽  
Ancient Philosophy ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Social Harmony ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Adam Smith is usually associated with a notion of social harmony which results from each individual in a given society striving to realize his or her interest indifferent or even antagonistic to the interests of others. According to this reading, the effect of such self-seeking, however, is quite the opposite of what individuals intend: without intending to help others or contribute in any way to their welfare, they nevertheless contribute to the prosperity of the whole. When we examine Smith's understanding of ancient philosophy, however, we must confront the fact that Smith is an exponent of suffering and sacrifice in the service of providence. Lucretius's notion of individuals breaking the pact of necessity which guarantees the providential order so that they may follow where pleasure may lead, could only discompose the order of things. Lucretius, whose arguments could only complicate Smith's worldview, must be effaced from the history of philosophy.

Integrating African Philosophy into the Western Philosophy Curriculum

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-43
Author(s):  
Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Ancient Philosophy ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
African Philosophy ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of

In the last three years, there has been a worldwide increase in integrating African philosophy into the philosophy curricula. Nevertheless, given that African philosophy has been largely neglected by Western academia, many philosophers in the West who do wish to integrate it are unaware of how to do it. This article aims at addressing this issue by offering some recommendations on how to integrate African philosophy into the curricula. Particularly, it offers recommendations based on how the history of ancient philosophy, metaphilosophy, ethics and political philosophy have become integrated. Additionally, there is a recommendation for how to make an entirely new module based on African political philosophy.

THE NINA VANCE ALLEY THEATRE PAPERS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON LIBRARIES SPECIAL COLLECTIONS

2008 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Tammy Ravas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
University Of Houston ◽  
Special Collections ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Artistic Director

The University of Houston (UH) Libraries' Special Collections possesses several groups of papers and other items related to theatre and the performing arts, one of which is the Nina Vance Alley Theatre Papers. These items were donated to Special Collections in 2000. What follows is a brief biography of Nina Vance and history of the Alley as well as some highlights of items contained within this collection. Nina Vance was the Alley's first artistic director, from 1947 until her death in 1980. Along with Margo Jones and Zelda Fichandler, she helped shape the American regional-theatre movement in the later twentieth century. During her tenure at the Alley she directed 102 plays, produced 245 shows, and was awarded major grants, including significant funding from the Ford Foundation. Despite Vance's achievements in these areas, as well as in establishing the Alley as a respected theatre in the United States and across the world, few works of scholarship exist on her career. This could be partially due to the fact that many primary sources on the Alley Theatre and its founder, such as those found at the UH Libraries' Special Collections, have not been well publicized.

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