Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism increase plasma irisin levels in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Atici ◽  
Rasim Mogulkoc ◽  
Abdulkerim Kasim Baltaci ◽  
Esma Menevse
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Experimental Thyroid

AbstractBackgroundA recently discovered hormone, irisin is accepted to be significantly involved in the regulation of body weight. Thyroid functions may be, directly or indirectly, associated with irisin.AimThe aim of the present study is to determine the effect of experimental thyroid dysfunction on irisin levels in rats.MethodsThe study registered 40 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, which were allocated to groups as follows: 1. Control; 2. Hypothyroidism induced by injection of 10 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal propylthiouracil (PTU) for 3 weeks; 3. Hypothyroidism (PTU 2 weeks) + L-thyroxin (1.5 mg/kg/day for 1 week); 4. Hyperthyroidism induced in rats by 3-week thyroxin (0.3 mg/kg/day); 5. Hyperthyroidism + PTU. At the end of the study, blood samples were collected to quantify free triiodothyronine (FT3), free triiodothyronine (FT4) and irisin levels.ResultsFT3and FT4levels were reduced in hypothyroidism and were significantly elevated in hyperthyroidism (p < 0.001). Irisin values, on the other hand, were found to be elevated in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism groups (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe results of the study suggest that irisin values increase in thyroid dysfunction, hypo- and hyperthyroidism, and that when hypothyroidism is corrected by thyroxin administration and hyperthyroidism by PTU injection, plasma irisin values go back to normal.

The effect of thyroid dysfunction on nesfatin-1 and adiponectin levels in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Atıci ◽  
Rasim Mogulkoc ◽  
Abdulkerim Kasım Baltaci ◽  
Esma Menevse
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Fat Cells ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Experimental Thyroid

AbstractBackgroundChanges in thyroid hormone concentrations may affect adiponectin concentrations through various mechanisms. A molecule released primarily from the fat cells adiposities; adiponectin has important effects on the regulation of body weight.AimThe present study aimed to explore the effects of experimental thyroid dysfunction and its treatment on nesfatin-1 and adiponectin levels in rats.MethodsThe study included 40 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats which were grouped as follows: (1) control; (2) hypothyroidism [hypothyroidism was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg/day propylthiouracil (PTU) for 3 weeks]; (3) hypothyroidism + thyroxine group [after hypothyroidism was induced by 2-week PTU injection, they were treated with high-dose L-thyroxine (1.5 mg/kg/day) for 1 week]; (4) hyperthyroidism [hyperthyroidism was induced by 3-weeks’ thyroxine injection (0.3 mg/kg/day)]; (5) hyperthyroidism + PTU (after hyperthyroidism was induced by 2-weeks’ thyroxine injection, the animals were given 10 mg/kg/day PTU for 1 week). Blood samples taken at the end of the study were analyzed to measure nesfatin-1 and adiponectin levels.ResultsIt was found that nesfatin-1 levels increased in hypothyroidism, while adiponectin levels decreased (p < 0.001). In experimental hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, both nesfatin-1 and adiponectin levels were found significantly elevated (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe results of the study indicate that nesfatin-1 and adiponectin levels were modified considerably in hypo- and hyperthyroidism, whereas with the restoration of the thyroid function, modified hormone levels went back to normal.

OESTROGENIC EFFECTS OF CATECHOL OESTROGENS ON SECRETION OF PROLACTIN BY THE PITUITARY GLAND AND SYNTHESIS OF DNA BY THE MAMMARY GLAND IN OVARIECTOMIZED RATS

1979 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
REIKO YANAI ◽  
HIROSHI NAGASAWA
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

SUMMARY The effects of 2-hydroxyoestradiol-17β and 2-hydroxyoestriol (2OH-OE3) on levels of serum prolactin, DNA synthesis by the mammary gland and the weight of the uterus were examined in ovariectomized Sprague–Dawley rats. 2-Hydroxyoestradiol-17β had a potent oestrogenic activity in stimulating the secretion of prolactin by the pituitary gland, the synthesis of DNA by the mammary gland and in increasing the weight of the uterus. On the other hand, 2OH-OE3 increased the weight of the uterus only.

scholarly journals The Effects of Green Tea on the Body Weight and Histoarchitecture of the Testis of Adult Male Sprague dawley Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
Alabi Alabi AS ◽  
Arokoyo Arokoyo R ◽  
Oyewopo Oyewopo AO ◽  
Lewu Lewu FS ◽  
Kareem Kareem SB ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

A comparison of ovariectomy models for estrogen studies

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (3) ◽  
pp. R904-R907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra T. Davidge ◽  
Yunlong Zhang ◽  
Ken G. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Estrogen Replacement ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
And Control ◽  
Estradiol Levels

Many estrogen-replacement studies use ovariectomized animals as controls. However, ovariectomy greatly increases body weight and can enhance the peripheral synthesis of estrogen. Tamoxifen is commonly used as an antiestrogen, but it may elicit mixed agonist or antagonist actions. The aim of our study was to compare vascular function in mesenteric arteries among groups of rats with low estradiol levels. The groups ( n = 5, each) of Sprague-Dawley rats were cycling (diestrus), ovariectomized (OVX), OVX + tamoxifen (OVX-T), OVX + 4-hydroxyandrostene-3,17-dione, an aromatase inhibitor (OVX-A) to prevent peripheral synthesis of estrogen, and control-fed OVX to prevent excess weight gain. Body weight was significantly elevated in only the non-control-fed OVX group. Estrogen levels were significantly greater in the cycling rats compared with the other groups, whereas uterine weights were significantly reduced in only the OVX-A and control-fed OVX groups. Methacholine relaxation was blunted only in the OVX-A and control-fed OVX groups, suggesting a possible estrogenic influence in the non-control-fed OVX and OVX-T groups. These data indicate the potential for confounding factors to decrease the efficacy of OVX controls.

Chronic intravenous administration of V1 arginine vasopressin agonist results in sustained hypertension

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (2) ◽  
pp. H751-H756 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Cowley ◽  
E. Szczepanska-Sadowska ◽  
K. Stepniakowski ◽  
D. Mattson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Plasma Catecholamines ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Prolonged Administration ◽  
Chronic Stimulation ◽  
Sustained Hypertension ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Despite the well-recognized vasoconstrictor and fluid-retaining actions of vasopressin, prolonged administration of arginine vasopressin (AVP) to normal animals or humans fails to produce sustained hypertension. The present study was performed to elucidate the role of the V1 receptor in determining the ability of AVP to produce sustained hypertension. Conscious Sprague-Dawley rats with implanted catheters were infused with the selective V1 agonist, [Phe2,Ile3,Orn8]vasopressin (2 ng.kg-1.min-1), for 14 days in amounts that were acutely nonpressor. Blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), body weight, and water intake (WI) were determined daily. Plasma AVP, plasma catecholamines norepinephrine and epinephrine, plasma osmolality, and electrolyte concentration were determined before and on days 1 and 7 of infusion. MAP increased significantly by 10.4 +/- 4.5 mmHg on day 1 and rose to 22 +/- 5 mmHg above control by day 14 (transient decrease on days 6-9) and then fell to control levels after the infusion was stopped. HR did not change significantly. Plasma AVP immunoreactivity increased from 2.5 +/- 0.3 to 10.9 +/- 2.1 pg/ml, whereas norepinephrine tended to fall only on day 1, with epinephrine only slightly elevated on day 7. No evidence of fluid retention was found, and rats lost sodium only on the first day of V1 agonist infusion. Body weight increased throughout the study but was unrelated to the changes of MAP. We conclude that chronic stimulation of V1 receptors results in sustained hypertension in rats.

Hepatic effects of a highly purified PCB 180 in adult male and female Sprague–Dawley rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. S39-S40
Author(s):  
Robert Roos ◽  
Patrik Andersson ◽  
Päivi Heikkinen ◽  
Hans-Joachim Schmitz ◽  
Leo van der Ven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

scholarly journals Renal haemodynamic and tubular actions of urotensin II in the rat

2008 ◽  
Vol 198 (3) ◽  
pp. 617-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa E S Abdel-Razik ◽  
Ellen J Forty ◽  
Richard J Balment ◽  
Nick Ashton
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Renal Medulla ◽  
Fractional Excretion ◽  
Haemodynamic Effects ◽  
Urotensin Ii ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Fractional Excretion Of Sodium ◽  
Excretion Rates

Urotensin II (UTS) is a potent vasoactive peptide that was originally identified in teleost fish. Mammalian orthologues of UTS and its receptor (UTSR) have been described in several species, including humans and rats. We have shown previously that bolus injections of UTS caused a decrease in urine flow and sodium excretion rates in parallel with marked reductions in renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of UTS infusion at a dose that has minimal impact upon renal haemodynamics in order to identify a potential direct tubular action of UTS. Infusion of rat UTS (rUTS) at 0.6 pmol/min per 100 g body weight in male Sprague–Dawley rats, which had no effect on RBF and caused a 30% reduction in GFR, resulted in a significant increase in the fractional excretion of sodium (vehicle 2.3±0.6 versus rUTS 0.6 pmol 4.5±0.6%, P<0.05) and potassium. At the higher dose of 6 pmol/min per 100 g body weight, haemodynamic effects dominated the response. rUTS induced a marked reduction in RBF and GFR (vehicle 1.03±0.06 versus rUTS 6 pmol 0.31±0.05 ml/min per 100 g body weight, P<0.05) resulting in an anti-diuresis and anti-natriuresis, but no change in fractional excretion of sodium or potassium. Uts2d and Uts2r mRNA expression were greater in the renal medulla compared with the cortex. Together, these data support an inhibitory action of Uts2d on renal tubule sodium and potassium reabsorption in the rat, in addition to its previously described renal haemodynamic effects.

Ranitidine as an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor in acute methanol toxicity in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal A El-Bakary ◽  
Sahar A El-Dakrory ◽  
Sohayla M Attalla ◽  
Nawal A Hasanein ◽  
Hala A Malek
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Methanol Poisoning ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Methanol poisoning is a hazardous intoxication characterized by visual impairment and formic acidemia. The therapy for methanol poisoning is alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitors to prevent formate accumulation. Ranitidine has been considered to be an inhibitor of both gastric alcohol and hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes. This study aimed at testing ranitidine as an antidote for methanol acute toxicity and comparing it with ethanol and 4-methyl pyrazole (4-MP). This study was conducted on 48 Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into 6 groups, with 8 rats in each group (one negative control group [C1], two positive control groups [C2, C3] and three test groups [1, 2 and 3]). C2, C3 and all test groups were exposed to nitrous oxide by inhalation, then, C3 group was given methanol (3 g/kg orally). The three test groups 1, 2 and 3 were given ethanol (0.5 g/kg orally), 4-MP (15 mg/kg intraperitoneally) and ranitidine (30 mg/kg intraperitoneally), respectively, 4 hours after giving methanol. Rats were sacrificed and heparinized, cardiac blood samples were collected for blood pH and bicarbonate. Non-heparinized blood samples were collected for formate levels by high performance liquid chromatography. Eye balls were enucleated for histological examination of the retina. Ranitidine corrected metabolic acidosis (p = .025), decreased formate levels (p = .014) and improved the histological findings in the retina induced by acute methanol toxicity.

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