Differential effects of a unilateral hypothalamic lesion on ovulation and compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in hemiovariectomized adult rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Cruz ◽  
J. L. Moran ◽  
L. P. Jaramillo ◽  
R. Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Hypothalamic Lesion ◽  
Anterior Hypothalamus ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Unilateral Lesion ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Medial Hypothalamus ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT The effects were analysed of a unilateral lesion in the anterior or medial hypothalamus made on the day of oestrus on right or left hemicastrated rats. On the day of oestrus after two consecutive oestrous cycles of the same length, the ovulation rate in rats with lesions in the anterior left hypothalamus was lower than in control hemicastrated animals (5/16 vs 18/20; P<0·01), and normal in those rats with lesions in the right side (14/18). None of the animals with lesions in the left side of the anterior hypothalamus and with the left ovary in situ ovulated (0/7), but 5/9 with the right ovary in situ did ovulate (P<0·05). Lesions on either side of the medial hypothalamus did not modify ovulation rate. Compensatory ovulation was reduced in those animals with lesions in the right anterior hypothalamus and with the right ovary in situ. Lesions in either side of the medial hypothalamus reduced compensatory ovulation. Lesions in the right side of the anterior and medial hypothalamus increased compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in the left ovary and decreased it in the right ovary. Lesions in the left side of the anterior hypothalamus increased compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in the left ovary only, whereas lesions in the left side of the medial hypothalamus reduced compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in the right ovary. The results suggest that the information arising in each side of the anterior and medial hypothalamus plays different roles in the ipsi-and contralateral ovary, when either the left or the right ovary is absent. Journal of Endocrinology (1990) 124, 37–41

Participation of the superior ovarian nerve in the regulation of compensatory ovarian hypertrophy: the effects of its section performed on each day of the oestrous cycle

1994 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Chávez ◽  
R Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Left Ovary ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Superior Ovarian Nerve ◽  
Neural Information ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Abstract The effects were analysed of section of the superior ovarian nerve on compensatory ovulation and ovarian hypertrophy, in adult rats with the left or right ovaries extirpated during the oestrous cycle and autopsied 6 or 20 days later. Rats with hemiovariectomy or hemiovariectomy plus denervation recovered their oestrous cyclicity between 2 and 3 days after surgery. Six days after hemiovariectomy 14 out of 17 rats ovulated on the expected day of oestrus. All the animals were hemiovariectomized on the day of pro-oestrus. The mean ± s.e.m. number of ova shed was similar to the group of animals with both ovaries (7·8 ± 1·2 vs 9·5 ± 0·2 Compensatory ovarian hypertrophy was observed in the right ovary when left hemiovariectomy was performed on day 2 of dioestrus or pro-oestrus; similar results were observed in the left ovary when the right one was extirpated at oestrus or pro-oestrus. Section of the right superior ovarian nerve in left-hemiovariectomized rats caused a reduction in ovulation rate and number of ova released. Compensatory ovarian hypertrophy was modified in the opposite way by unilateral section of the superior ovarian nerve to the in situ ovary depending on the day of the cycle when hemiovariectomy was performed. Twenty days after treatment, ovulation rate, compensatory ovulation and ovarian hypertrophy were similar in both left- or right-hemiovariectomized rats. Compensatory ovarian hypertrophy increased in all animals with section of the superior ovarian nerve, except when hemiovariectomy was carried out at oestrus or the left ovary was extirpated on day 1 of dioestrus. The results suggest that modulation of compensatory ovarian hypertrophy by neural information arriving at the ovary by way of the superior ovarian nerve varies during the oestrous cycle. Journal of Endocrinology (1994) 140, 197–201

Differences in the ovulation rate of the right or left ovary in unilaterally ovariectomized rats: effect of ipsi- and contralateral vagus nerves on the remaining ovary

1987 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Chávez ◽  
M. E. Cruz ◽  
R. Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Vagus Nerves ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Neuroendocrine Mechanisms ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Vagus

ABSTRACT The possible existence of peripheral asymmetry in the neuroendocrine mechanisms participating in the response of the ovary to gonadotrophins, and the participation of the vagus nerve, was investigated. At oestrus, the ovulation rate (number of ovulating/number of treated rats) of the left ovary in right unilaterally ovariectomized rats was lower than that in the right ovary in left unilaterally ovariectomized rats (42 vs 84%). No differences in the number of ova shed per ovulating animal nor in compensatory ovarian hypertrophy (COH) were observed. Bilateral section of the vagus nerve resulted in reduced COH only in those animals with the left ovary in situ (right unilaterally ovariectomized). Section of the left vagus nerve induced different effects depending upon which ovary was left in situ. When the left ovary was in situ an increase in ovulation rate, COH and number of ova shed was observed; however, when the right ovary was left in place the above three parameters decreased. Section of the right vagus nerve produced a decrease only in COH in both right and left unilaterally ovariectomized animals. It is concluded that in the unilaterally ovariectomized rat the right ovary seems more able to react to compensatory regulatory systems than does the left. The character of the information carried by the left and right vagus nerve is different. J. Endocr. (1987) 113, 397–401

Differential ovulatory responses of the right and left ovaries of the adult rat to unilateral lesion and anaesthesia of the cervico-vaginal plexus

1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Left Ovary ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Unilateral Lesion ◽  
Group 14 ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
The Right ◽  
Do So

ABSTRACT Differences were observed in the ovulation rates of the right and left ovaries in response to unilateral lesions of the cervico-vaginal plexus (CVP) followed by pseudopregnancy or by anaesthesia of the CVP induced with panthocaine plus adrenaline (right ovary 6·7±0·4 (s.e.m.) vs left ovary 4·6 ± 0·9; P<0·05). Pseudopregnancy (days showing a dioestrous smear after copulation with a vasectomized male before an oestrous smear following a pro-oestrous one) lasted longer in rats with a lesion in the CVP than in a control pseudopregnant group (14·9 ± 0·5 vs 11·2 ± 0·5; P < 0·01). Anaesthesia of the CVP performed on each day of the oestrous cycle did not modify the ovulation rate compared with laparotomized animals. Both laparotomy and anaesthesia of the CVP performed on oestrus or day 1 of dioestrus blocked ovulation but when they were performed on day 2 of dioestrus or pro-oestrus they failed to do so (laparotomy 9/18 vs 12/14, P<0·05; anaesthesia of CVP 3/11 vs 17/17, P < 0·05). The number of ova shed by the left ovary in animals with anaesthetized CVP was lower than by the right ovary (4·5 ± 0·6 vs 6·2 ± 0·5; P<0·05). These results add further support to the idea that the CVP participates in the regulation of ovulation rate, and that the left ovary is less adaptable than the right when innervation is challenged. Journal of Endocrinology (1990) 124, 43–45

scholarly journals Effects of stereotactic surgery on the anterior hypothalamus (HA) on the estrous cycle: Role of the dopaminergic system in spontaneous ovulation in the rat

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-50
Author(s):  
José Luis Morán-Perales ◽  
Octavio Sánchez-García ◽  
Wendy Argelia García-Suástegui ◽  
Anabella Handal-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Dopaminergic System ◽  
Anterior Hypothalamus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dopaminergic Receptors ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Estral Cycle ◽  
The Right ◽  
Follicular Selection

We evaluated the function of dopaminergic receptors (DAR) of the anterior hypothalamus (AH) on the estral cycle (EC) regulation and spontaneous ovulation by a single microinjection (MI) with the dopaminergic antagonist haloperidol (HLP) in adult rats. One hundred thirty nine rats that exhibit forth-day estral cycles (cyclic animals: CA) received a stereotaxic surgery (STXS) on the right, left or both AH sides and were distributed in three different groups with a MI of 1 µL of: HLP (15 µg) or dimethyl-sulfoxide (vehicle) or other false MI group. All the animals with STXS were sacrificed in next vaginal estrus (VE) exhibited and the ova shed (OS) counted. In sixteen AC, the OS were counted at VE and forming a control group. The STXS affected the animals EC: just 59/139 exhibited a short EC (SEC) with 4.6±0.1 days compared with 80/139 that exhibited a long EC (LEC) of 13.6±0.2 days. False or HLP MI diminished OS just in animals exhibiting a SEC. STXS affects neuroendocrine processes controlling EC length when cutting dorsal connections to AH. The DAR of the AH participate on ovarian mechanisms of follicular selection.

scholarly journals Effects of unilateral or bilateral superior ovarian nerve section in prepubertal rats on the ovulatory response to gonadotrophin administration

1998 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Morales ◽  
R Chavez ◽  
ME Ayala ◽  
R Dominguez
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Exact Probability ◽  
Superior Ovarian Nerve ◽  
Prepubertal Rats ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Left Section ◽  
The Right

The modulating effects of ovarian innervation reaching the ovary through the suspensory ovarian nerve on the reactivity of the ovaries to gonadotrophins were analysed. Juvenile rats (32 days old), with or without unilateral or bilateral section of the superior ovarian nerve, were injected with 8 iu of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG), 10 iu of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) or with 8 iu of PMSG followed 56 h later with 10 iu of hCG. Treatments were given immediately after surgery or 4 days later, and the rats were killed on the day of first vaginal oestrus. In rats with unilateral section, treatment with PMSG did not induce full ovulatory response by the denervated ovary whether the treatment was applied immediately or 4 days after surgery (0/11 rats treated immediately ovulated vs 5/5 (sham) and 11/12 (control, P < 0.05 Fisher's exact probability test), and 4/19 did when treatment was done 4 days after surgery vs 8/10 (sham) and 11/12 (control, P < 0.05). The rats with bilateral section receiving the same hormonal treatment, PMSG administration, ovulated. The number of ova shed by the left ovary was similar to those of the control, while the right ovary released fewer ova. Stimulation with hCG immediately after unilateral section did not induce ovulation in normal or denervated ovary. When the treatment was applied 4 days after surgery, ovulation was observed only in the innervated ovary. In the rats with bilateral section, hCG injection induced ovulation in both ovaries. In those rats with unilateral section of the superior ovarian nerve, the treatment with PMSG + hCG given immediately after surgery resulted in a compensatory ovulation by the innervated ovary (the number of ova shed/ovulating animal was significantly higher than those released by control or sham-operated animals: left section, number of ova shed by the right ovary 7.6 +/- 0.3 vs 5.5 +/- 0.8 and 4.9 +/- 1 respectively, P < 0.05; right section, number of ova shed by the left ovary 10.2 +/- 0.6 vs 4.4 +/- 1.1 and 7.0 +/- 0.9, P < 0.05), while the denervated one showed a lower ovulation rate as well as a smaller number of ova shed than those by the control animals. When the hormonal replacement was given 4 days after surgery, such compensatory ovulation was observed in the left ovary of those rats with a section of the right nerve (14.3 +/- 2.6 vs 4.4 +/- 1.1 and 6.5 +/- 1.1, P < 0.05). When the PMSG + hCG treatment was applied to animals with bilateral section of the superior ovarian nerve, the ovulation rate by the right ovary was significantly lower than in control and sham-operated treated animals (2/10 vs 11/11 and 6/7, P < 0.05). Because the ovaries receive innervation through the superior ovarian nerve, the ovarian plexus and the vagus nerve, the results obtained in unilateral denervated animals suggest that the innervation of the ovary via the superior ovarian nerve regulates in a stimulatory way the effects of gonadotrophin resulting in ovulation. The ovulation induced by hormonal treatment of rats with bilateral section of the superior ovarian nerve suggests that the effects of bilateral section on ovulation are not the addition of the effects of left and right denervation, implying the existence of a modulatory effect in gonadotrophin action on ovulation via other neural pathways.

Effects on oestrous cyclicity and ovulation of unilateral section of the vagus nerve performed on different days of the oestrous cycle in the rat

1989 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Chávez ◽  
S. Sánchez ◽  
A. Ulloa-Aguirre ◽  
R. Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Vagal Nerve ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Nerve Section ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Vagus

ABSTRACT The effects of unilateral section of the right or left vagus nerve (SRVN, SLVN) performed on different days of the oestrous cycle of the rat were analysed. Vagal nerve section on the day of oestrus or on day 1 of dioestrus (D1) altered oestrous cyclicity in a more significant way than when it was performed on day 2 of dioestrus (D2) or pro-oestrus (6/58 maintained normal oestrous cycles compared with 32/39 that did not; P<0.01). Ovulation rate at oestrus was lower in rats with SLVN than in the sham-operated group (32/47 vs 28/32; P < 0.05). The number of ova shed by the left ovary was reduced in sham-operated rats and in animals with SRVN and SLVN, whereas the number shed by the right ovary was not modified. The day of the oestrous cycle on which the vagus nerve was cut also influenced the number of ova shed. No changes in plasma levels of FSH at oestrus were observed in animals with SRVN or SLVN. The results indicate that vagal manipulations performed at the beginning of the oestrous cycle (day of oestrus and D1) induce more changes on oestrous cyclicity and ovulation than when they are performed during the second half of the cycle (D2 and pro-oestrus). In addition, the left ovary is more sensitive to neural manipulation than is the right one. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 123, 441-444

Evaluation of Ovaries in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome using Shear Wave Elastography

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-583
Author(s):  
Aysegul Altunkeser ◽  
Zeynep Ozturk Inal ◽  
Nahide Baran
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Elasticity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Pcos Group ◽  
The Right

Background: Shear wave electrography (SWE) is a novel non-invasive imaging technique which demonstrate tissue elasticity. Recent research evaluating the elasticity properties of normal and pathological tissues emphasize the diagnostic importance of this technique. Aims: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is characterized by menstrual irregularity, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic overgrowth, may cause infertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the elasticity of ovaries in patients with PCOS using SWE. Methods: 66 patients diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria (PCOS = group I) and 72 patients with non-PCOS (Control = group II), were included in the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants were recorded. Ovarian elasticity was assessed in all patients with SWE, and speed values were obtained from the ovaries. The elasticity of the ovaries was compared between the two groups. Results: While there were statistically significant differences between the groups in body mass index (BMI), right and left ovarian volumes, luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels (p<0.05), no significant differences were found between groups I and II in the velocity (for the right ovary 3.89±1.81 vs. 2.93±0.72, p=0.301; for the left ovary 2.88±0.65 vs. 2.95±0.80, p=0.577) and elastography (for the right ovary 36.62±17.78 vs. 36.79±14.32, p=0.3952; for the left ovary 36.56±14.15 vs. 36.26±15.10, p=0.903) values, respectively. Conclusion: We could not obtain different velocity and elastography values from the ovaries of the patients with PCOS using SWE. Therefore, further large-scale studies are needed to elucidate this issue.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension following pulmonary embolism with a right ventricular thrombus: A report of two cases

2021 ◽  
pp. 204589402110136
Author(s):  
Tailong Zhang ◽  
Weitao Liang ◽  
Longrong Bian ◽  
Zhong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Pulmonary Endarterectomy ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cardiac Masses

Right heart thrombus (RHT) accompanied by chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare entity. RHT may develop in the peripheral veins or in situ within the right heart chambers. The diagnosis of RHT is challenging, since its symptoms are typically non-specific and its imaging features resemble those of cardiac masses. Here, we report two cases of RHT with CTEPH that presented as right ventricular masses initially. Both patients underwent simultaneous pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) and resection of the ventricular thrombi. Thus, when mass-like features are confirmed by imaging, RHT should be suspected in patients with CTEPH, and simultaneous RHT resection is required along with PEA.

A Neo-Assyrian statue from Til Barsib

Iraq ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Arlette Roobaert
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Lower Portion ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Clear Indication ◽  
Large Hole ◽  
Relative Placement ◽  
The Right ◽  
As If ◽  
Medium Texture

During the 1993 season of excavations at Tell Ahmar, three pieces of a life-size basalt statue were found in a pit dug into one of the large walls surrounding an Iron Age vaulted tomb (Fig. 1). The head, the tors o and the lower part fitted together perfectly. When correctly assembled, these three pieces formed the figure of a standing beardless man with clasped hands (Fig. 2a−b). Only the feet were missing. The maximum height of the reconstructed statue is 1.45m. It was clear from the damage to portions of its body that the statue had been deliberately broken in antiquity. Details, such as a large hole on the right side of the chest, a smaller one on the top of the head and, above all, the defacement of the head suggest that the statue may have actually been “killed”.All three pieces of the statue, which was carved out of a blue greyish basalt of medium texture, were found lying on their backs (Fig. 4). The head lay next to the lower part of the statue, but was buried in a slightly deeper position. The relative placement of these fragments seems to be a clear indication that the statue was not knocked down at this particular spot, but was brought to this location in separate pieces, perhaps with the deliberate intention of burying them.The head was cut off as if the statue had been decapitated. The torso was separated from the lower portion of the statue by an oblique cut that divided the figure just below the waist. The cut runs downwards from the back and continues underneath the clasped hands at the front, leaving the hands almost completely undamaged. The lower part of the statue seems to have been separated from the missing feet by a horizontal cut. This may indicate that the base of the statue was left in situ, probably because it was solidly set in the ground.

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