The Number and Determinants of Nutrient foramina among dry human femur bones from the East African population: A Cross-section study

Background: Nutrient foramina form important landmarks on the femur and other bones as the portal of entry for nutrient arteries. Nutrient arteries are important sources of blood supply for growing bones; and their variations may be due to congenital or acquired causes. These variations are important in anatomical comparisons, orthopaedic surgical practice and forensic medicine. Aims: This study aimed at establishing the number and determinants of the nutrient foramina among dry human femur bones from the East African population. Materials and methods: This was a cross-section study of 333 dry femur bones from the East African population, at the Galloway osteological collection of Makerere University college of health sciences. The number of nutrient foramina on the shaft of each femur, the corresponding demographic, clinical and morphometric characteristics were documented. Data were entered in an Excel sheet and exported to STATA 14 for analysis. Univariate, bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed to obtain the summary statistics and the measures of association. At all levels of analysis, a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 333 femurs, 291 (87.4%) were from males; and 137(50.15%) were right femurs. The age ranged from 20 to 75 years with a mean age of 35 (SD± 12) years. Nutrient foramina ranged from one to four; mean of 1.4 (SD±0.5) and median of 1 (IQR: 1 to 2). Of the 333 femurs, 199 (59.8%) had one foramen, 129 (38.7%) had two foramina, four femurs had three foramina and one femur had four foramina. There was a statistically significant association between the number of nutrient foramina and the femur’s: mid-shaft circumference (p=0.014; 95%CI: 0.003 to 0.028), nationality (p=0.016; 95%CI: -0.284 to -0.030) and sex (p=0.012; 96%CI: -0.405 to -0.050). Conclusion: Nutrient foramina among femurs from the East African population range from one to four per femur, with predominantly one foramen. The key determinants of the number of foramina are: mean mid-shaft circumference, nationality and sex. These findings are significant in anatomical comparisons; forensic and orthopaedic practices. KEY WORDS: Nutrient foramina, dry human femur, East African population, morphometric characteristics.

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Morphometry of the Proximal End of Dry Adult Human Femora from the East African Population: A Cross-Section Study

Austin Journal of Anatomy ◽

10.26420/austinjanat.2021.1102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Tumusiime G ◽

◽

Kirum CG ◽

Kukiriza J ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Femoral Head ◽

Proximal Femur ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Forensic Identification ◽

African Population ◽

P Value ◽

East African ◽

Neck Shaft Angle ◽

Forensic Practice ◽

The Mean

Introduction: Proximal femur morphometry is important in the stability of the hip joint, the design of implants for hip replacement and forensic identification of unknown human remains. This study aimed at determining the proximal femur morphometry and factors associated with their variation. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of the proximal end of 333 dry human femora from persons aged 20 to 75 years from the East African population. All the femora were observed macroscopically for the presence of the third trochanter, and the age, sex and nationality documented. The femoral head and neck circumferences were measured using a tape measure and the neck-shaft angle and the angle of anteversion measured using a goniometer. Data were entered in an Excel sheet and exported to STATA 14 for analysis. Univariate, bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 333 dry femora, 7.21% (24/333) had a third trochanter. The mean femoral head circumference was 134.91 ± 8.91 mm, the mean neckshaft angle was 118 ± 6 degrees, the mean angle of anteversion was 17 ± 4 degrees, the mean femoral neck circumference was 91.71 ± 7.40 mm. Statistical significance was achieved between each of the proximal femur measurements and: sex, nationality and third trochanter status. Conclusion: The morphometry of the proximal femur varies with age, sex and nationality. These variations are pertinent in the design of tailored proximal femur implants, assessing the risk of fractures, forensic practice and regional comparisons.

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A cross-section study of main determinants of arterial stiffness in Hefei area, China

International Angiology ◽

10.23736/s0392-9590.19.04078-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Qingyuan Wu ◽

Xiaoyu Zhang ◽

Yang Xu ◽

Mu Wang ◽

Yu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Cross Section ◽

Section Study ◽

Main Determinants

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A Cross Section Study of Vitamin D levels in Thai Office Workers

The Bangkok Medical Journal ◽

10.31524/bkkmedj.2015.02.002 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 09 (01) ◽

pp. 8-11

Author(s):

Sant Chaiyodsilp ◽

Tanavee Pureekul ◽

Yuphin Srisuk ◽

Cholpatsorn Euathanikkanon

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Cross Section ◽

Office Workers ◽

Section Study ◽

Vitamin D Levels

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Hubungan Paritas dan Umur Ibu Terhadap Kejadian Kehamilan Ektopik Terganggu (KET) di RSUD Syekh Yusuf Gowa Tahun 2018

JURNAL KESEHATAN DELIMA PELAMONIA ◽

10.37337/jkdp.v2i2.70 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 87-92

Author(s):

Asyima Arifuddin

Keyword(s):

Cross Section ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Chi Square ◽

Section Study

Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari Rekam Medik RSUD Syekh Yusuf Gowa, pada tahun 2016 terdapat 356 ibu hamil, pada tahun 2017 terdapat 413 ibu hamil dan pada tahun 2018 periode Januari-April terdapat 204 ibu hamil. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan paritas dan umur ibu terhadap kejadian Kehamilan Ektopik Terganggu (KET) di RSUD Syekh Yusuf Gowa 2018.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan Cross Section Study untuk mengetahui hubungan paritas dan umur terhadap kejadian Kehamilan Ektopik Terganggu di RSUD Syekh Yusuf Gowa dengan jumlah populasi 204 orang dan jumlah sampel 135 orang dengan menggunakan teknik Random Sampling. Responden yang memiliki paritas tinggi terhadap kejadian Kehamilan Ektopik Terganggu (KET) terdiagnosa sebanyak 87 orang (64,4%) dan yang memiliki paritas rendah terhadap kejadian Kehamilan Ektopik Terganggu (KET) sebanyak 48 orang (35,6%). Dari hasil uji statistik dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square diperoleh nilai P (0,020) ≤ α (0,05), maka Ho diolak Ha diterima.Responden yang memiliki umur risiko tinggi terhadap kejadian kehamilan ektopik terganggu terdiagnosis sebanyak 76 orang (56,3%) dan responden yang memiliki umur risiko rendah terhadap kejadian kehamilan ektopik terganggu terdiagnosis sebanyak 59 orang (43,7%). Dari hasil uji statistik dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square diperoleh nilai P (0,038) ≤ α (0,05), maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Kesimpulan dari kedua variabel yaitu paritas dan umur, kedua variabel berhubungan terhadap kejadian Kehamilan Ektopik Terganggu (KET) di RSUD Syekh Yusuf Gowa 2018

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The most frequently extracted teeth type: a retrospective cross-section study at Ndola teaching hospital, low cost dental clinic, Zambia

Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.21276/apjhs.2017.4.3.16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 98-101

Author(s):

Mulenga Katoma ◽

◽

Seter Siziya ◽

Alfred Sichilima ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Section ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Low Cost ◽

Type A ◽

Dental Clinic ◽

Section Study

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Cross-Section Study on Return of Stocks to Future-Expectation Theorem

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.2734510 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Yiqiao Yin

Keyword(s):

Cross Section ◽

Section Study ◽

Future Expectation

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Exploring the relationship between spiritual well-being and death anxiety in patients with gynecological cancer: a cross-section study

BMC Palliative Care ◽

10.1186/s12904-021-00778-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yue Feng ◽

Xingcan Liu ◽

Tangwei Lin ◽

Biru Luo ◽

Qianqian Mou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Cross Section ◽

Death Anxiety ◽

Religious Beliefs ◽

Gynecological Cancer ◽

Well Being ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Section Study ◽

Spiritual Well Being ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background In recent years, spiritual well-being has gradually gained the attention of health care providers in China, especially those in oncology departments, who have recognized the importance of improving spiritual well-being in cancer patients. Since most of the current research on spiritual well-being has been carried out in areas with religious beliefs, this study was conducted in the context of no development of formal religion. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between death anxiety and spiritual well-being and the related factors of spiritual well-being among gynecological cancer patients. Methods This cross-section study was conducted among 586 gynecological cancer patients. The European Organization for Research and Treatment for Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-spiritual well-being32 (EORTC QLQ-SWB32) and Templer's Death Anxiety Scale (T-DAS) were used to measure spiritual well-being and death anxiety. The Multiple Linear Regression Model was used to determine the relationship between spiritual well-being and death anxiety. Results For all participants, the highest QLQ-SWB32 centesimal score was 75.13 on the Relationship with Other scale, and the lowest was 60.33 on the Relationship with Someone or Something Greater Scale. The mean Death Anxiety score was 5.31 (SD 3.18). We found that Relationship with Someone or Something Greater was the only scale not associated with death anxiety. Overall, patients with lower death anxiety have a higher level of spiritual well-being. Besides, a high Relationship with Other score was associated with living with a partner (B = 2.471, P < 0.001) and married (B = -6.475, P = 0.001). Patients with higher Global-SWB were retired (B = 0.387, P = 0.019). Conclusions Our study found that the spiritual well-being of patients with gynecological cancer in China was no worse than in other countries with religious beliefs and patients with lower death anxiety have a higher level of spiritual well-being. Clinical staff should pay attention to the spiritual health of cancer patients, and spiritual care should be regarded as an essential element in cancer care.

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