scholarly journals The Impact of School Feeding Programmes in Reducing Iron Deficiency Anaemia among Primary School Children in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yussif MT ◽  
Vong L ◽  
Pilkington K
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
School Feeding ◽  
The Impact

Context: Children in developing countries may survive the critical stage of the first 1000 days of life but may still carry unresolved micronutrient deficiencies into school age. Iron deficiency anaemia is the commonest form of micronutrient deficiency which affects school age children. School feeding programmes may provide an opportunity to reduce the micronutrient deficiencies in the light of limited nutrition interventions that target school age children in developing countries.

scholarly journals Production And Use Of A Shelf-Stable Bovine Blood Powder For Food Fortification As A Food-Based Strategy To Combat Iron Deficiency Anaemia In Sub-Saharan Africa

2005 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 01-18
Author(s):  
JK Kikafunda ◽  
◽  
P Sserumaga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Bovine Blood ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Shelf Stable ◽  
Very High

Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most widespread micro-nutrient deficiency disease world-wide, particularly in developing countries. Although there are several strategies to combat IDA, food-based strategies are the most sustainable and yet little research has been carried out in this area. The study aimed at developing a technology for processing and preserving bovine blood into a shelf-stable powder, which would easily be utilised in fortifying commonly consumed food items, as a food-based strategy in the fight against iron deficiency anaemia. A shelf-stable powder was processed from fresh bovine blood and the physical, chemical, microbiological and shelf-life characteristics assessed using conventional methods. The results of the chemical analysis showed that bovine blood powder has a very high concentration of haeme iron at 195.46 mg/100g of powder. This is more than ten times the level of iron in bovine liver, one of the most commonly used food source of haeme iron whose iron content is only 17 mg/100gm of liver. Although microbiological tests carried out on the freshly processed blood powder and on the same powder after one and three months of storage at room temperature found a significant rise in yeast, mould and total plate counts, these values were low and within safe limits. The blood powder was used to fortify a bean sauce. Sensory analysis panellists considered the fortified bean sauce moderately acceptable with a mean score of 4.667 (like slightly) compared to a mean score of 2.333 (like very much) for the non-fortified sauce, on a nine point Hedonic scale. These findings show that processed bovine blood powder has very high levels of haeme iron and thus has great potential as a food-based strategy to combat iron-deficiency anaemia in resource-poor developing countries, particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa. However, more research is needed to improve the microbiological and sensory characteristics of the blood powder.

scholarly journals Iron deficiency anaemia-an old enemy

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 754-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bagchi
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Iron Supplements ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Targeted Interventions

Anaemia has remained a widespread public health problem in countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Prevalence figures vary from a low of 17% to a high of over 70% among preschool children; from 14% to 42% among adolescents and from 11% to over 40% among women of childbearing age. Although the prevalence of anaemia has often been used as a proxy indicator for iron deficiency anaemia, this approach is not valid in settings where the etiology of anaemia is complex or unknown or where other micronutrient deficiencies of folate, vitamin B12 and vitamin A can co-exist. An integrated, multifactorial and multisectoral approach has to be adopted comprising targeted interventions to provide iron supplements to especially vulnerable segments of the population, in particular pregnant women; food-based approaches to increase iron intake through food fortification and dietary diversification; and other measures combined with iron interventions where other causes of anaemia are prevalent

scholarly journals Acceptability of the use of iron cooking pots to reduce anaemia in developing countries

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Prinsen Geerligs ◽  
Bernard Brabin ◽  
Albert Mkumbwa ◽  
Robin Broadhead ◽  
Luis E Cuevas
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Ready Access ◽  
Traditional Communities

AbstractObjective:To evaluate acceptability, compliance and attitude towards the use of iron pots compared with aluminium pots, for cooking in a community that traditionaly did not use iron pots.Design:Randomised trial.Setting:Two rural Malawian villages.Subjects:Fifty-two households received iron pots and 61 aluminium pots.Results:Pot characteristics were assessed by a questionnaire after 3, 6, 11 and 20 weeks of use. Within households using iron pots there was a significant decrease in acceptability score with usage, from an initial value of 13.7 to 11.4 (range 1–20) (P = 0.01). Answers to questions concerning cooking characteristics showed that after 3 weeks' use the aluminium pot scored better, whereas after 20 weeks fewer answers differed between the iron and aluminium pot groups. Almost a third of the households planned to continue using iron pots daily after 20 weeks, although they had ready access to their former aluminium pot. The presence of a group of consistent pot users suggests that if households were convinced about daily use, then they were likely to maintain consistent use. Some householders considered that iron pots required less firewood for cooking than aluminium pots. The main problems related to lower acceptability were rusting and pot weight. About 25% of problems with iron pots were unrelated to their cast iron characteristics. Overall 23.4% of the households indicated they would buy an iron pot.Conclusions:The low acceptability of iron pots for cooking could limit their value as an intervention to control iron-deficiency anaemia. Design modifications and better instructions on pot use should improve acceptability. The study highlights the need to assess the acceptability of interventions in order to facilitate their adoption in traditional communities.

scholarly journals Iron-Supplementation Programmes: Compliance of Target Groups and Frequency of Tablet Intake

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Schultink
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia

The prevalence of iron-deficiency anaemia remains especially high in developing countries, despite large-scale iron-supplementation programmes. The reasons for the lack of success of these programmes are discussed based on the results of original research conducted in Indonesia. Studies among pregnant women in rural Sulawesi and urban Jakarta demonstrated that besides insufficient coverage of the target group, women's compliance with tablet intake was a serious problem. Compliance may be improved when it is not necessary to take tablets on a daily basis. Studies among pre-school children and non-pregnant women proved the effectiveness of once-weekly and twice-weekly supplementation. These supplementation schedules should also be investigated in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Preventive Treatments of Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Pregnancy: A Review of Their Effectiveness and Implications for Health System Strengthening

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayode O. Osungbade ◽  
Adeolu O. Oladunjoye
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Health System Strengthening ◽  
Maternal Health Service ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Iron Supplements ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Anaemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objectives. We conducted a review of effectiveness of preventive treatments of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy in developing countries and highlighted their constraints as well as interventions required to strengthen the health services.Methods. Literature from Pubmed (MEDLINE), AJOL, Google Scholar, and Cochrane database was reviewed.Results. Evidence-based preventive treatment options for iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy include prophylaxis iron supplements and food fortification with iron. Evidence abounds on their effectiveness in reducing the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy. However, these prospects are threatened by side effects of iron supplements, low utilization of maternal health service in developing countries, partial implementation of preventive treatments, and weak infrastructure and political commitment to implement mass fortification of local staple foods by national governments.Conclusion. Sustainability of effectiveness of preventive treatments of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy could be achieved if the identified threats are adequately addressed.

The impact of iron deficiency anaemia on teenage girls

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 293-294
Author(s):  
Dorothy Lepkowska
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Teenage Girls ◽  
The Impact

Iron deficiency anaemia can have an impact on health and school performance, and teenage girls may particularly be affected. Dorothy Lepkowska explains

scholarly journals Reducing micronutrient deficiencies in Pakistani children: are subsidies on fortified complementary foods cost-effective?

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 2893-2906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Wieser ◽  
Beatrice Brunner ◽  
Christina Tzogiou ◽  
Rafael Plessow ◽  
Michael B Zimmermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
The Cost

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the cost-effectiveness of price subsidies on fortified packaged complementary foods (FPCF) in reducing iodine deficiency, iron-deficiency anaemia and vitamin A deficiency in Pakistani children.DesignThe study proceeded in three steps: (i) we determined the current lifetime costs of the three micronutrient deficiencies with a health economic model; (ii) we assessed the price sensitivity of demand for FPCF with a market survey in two Pakistani districts; (iii) we combined the findings of the first two steps with the results of a systematic review on the effectiveness of FPCF in reducing micronutrient deficiencies. The cost-effectiveness was estimated by comparing the net social cost of price subsidies with the disability-adjusted life years (DALY) averted.SettingDistricts of Faisalabad and Hyderabad in Pakistan.SubjectsHouseholds with 6–23-month-old children stratified by socio-economic strata.ResultsThe lifetime social costs of iodine deficiency, iron-deficiency anaemia and vitamin A deficiency in 6–23-month-old children amounted to production losses of $US 209 million and 175 000 DALY. Poor households incurred the highest costs, yet even wealthier households suffered substantial losses. Wealthier households were more likely to buy FPCF. The net cost per DALY of the interventions ranged from a return per DALY averted of $US 783 to $US 65. Interventions targeted at poorer households were most cost-effective.ConclusionsPrice subsidies on FPCF might be a cost-effective way to reduce the societal costs of micronutrient deficiencies in 6–23-month-old children in Pakistan. Interventions targeting poorer households are especially cost-effective.

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