scholarly journals FACTORES DE RIESGO ASOCIADOS A LOS MALOS TRATOS A PERSONAS MAYORES SEGÚN EL GÉNERO DE LAS VÍCTIMAS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Carmen Touza Garma ◽  
Carmen Prado Nóvoa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Domestic Abuse ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Salud Mental ◽  
Las Mujeres

Abstract.RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ELDER ABUSE BY GENDER OF THE VICTIMSElder abuse is an increasingly recognized social problem because it is a violation of Human Rights and because of its serious consequences for the wellbeing and quality of life of older people. In addition, the prevalence of the problem could increase due to the aging population. Within this context, women appear in some studies as more frequent victims of abuse than men, although there are few studies that analyze why the risk of suffering domestic abuse may be higher in women than in men. The objective of this research was to assess whether there are different risk factors depending on the gender of the victims. The study involved 46 professional of social services teams who analyzed the situation of 202 elderly people (134 women and 68 men) through an assessment protocol that collected information on major risk factors for domestic abuse raised in the investigations. The results showed that although both genders shared a large number of risk factors, some turned out to be only significant for women: three factors related to the care-receiver (lack of income, problems of mental health and signs of cognitive decline) and four factors related to the caregiver (problems of mental health, problems with alcohol or other drugs, having experienced abuse at other times in his or her life and being financially dependent). These results could indicate some factors that increase the vulnerability of women and have important implications for the prevention and detection of risk situations of abuse.Key words: elder abuse, risk factors, human sex differences, gender.Resumen.Los malos tratos a la personas mayores son un problema social cada vez más reconocido porque suponen una violación de los Derechos Humanos y porque pueden producir graves consecuencias en su bienestar y calidad de vida. Además, la prevalencia del problema podría aumentar debido al envejecimiento de la población. Dentro de este contexto, la mujeres aparecen en algunos estudios como víctimas más frecuentes de los malos tratos que los varones, aunque son escasos los estudios que analicen por qué el riesgo de sufrir malos tratos domésticos puede ser mayor en las mujeres que en los hombres. El objetivo de esta investigación fue valorar si existen distintos factores de riesgo en función del género de las víctimas. En el estudio participaron 46 profesionales de equipos de servicios sociales que analizaron la situación de 202 personas mayores (134 mujeres y 68 hombres) a través de un protocolo de valoración que recogía información sobre los principales factores de riesgo de los malos tratos domésticos planteados en las investigaciones. Los resultados encontrados mostraron que aunque ambos géneros compartían un elevado número de factores de riesgo, algunos resultaron ser únicamente significativos para las mujeres: tres factores relacionados con la persona mayor (la falta de ingresos económicos, los  problemas de salud mental y la presencia de signos de deterioro cognitivo) y cuatro factores relacionados con el cuidador (los problemas de salud mental, los problemas con el alcohol u otras drogas, haber sufrido malos tratos y ser económicamente dependiente). Estos resultados podrían indicar algunos factores que aumentarían la vulnerabilidad de las mujeres y tienen importantes implicaciones para la prevención y detección de situaciones de riesgo de malos tratos.Palabras clave: malos tratos a las personas mayores, factores de riesgo, diferencias de género.

Una aproximación a los problemas de salud mental de las mujeres asistentes a la marcha de la mujer 2015. / An approach to problems of mental health of women assistant to the march of women 2015

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (07) ◽  
pp. 112-129
Author(s):  
Valery Dawson ◽  
Marcela Weintraub
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Health Specialist ◽  
Salud Mental ◽  
Las Mujeres

En las últimas décadas, ha cobrado mayor importancia el estudio de la situación y problemáticas que afectan a las mujeres en distintos ámbitos personales y sociales. Sin embargo, existe menos literatura que aborde temáticas de salud mental que afectan a las mujeres, siendo aún más escasa en Chile. Este estudio pretende ser una aproximación a la salud mental de un grupo específico de mujeres, para conocer su percepción subjetiva en torno a los problemas de salud mental –cuadros de depresión y ansiosos- que han experimentado, y su relación con sus características demográficas. Asimismo, dar cuenta de la relevancia que estas mujeres le asignan a la salud mental, entendida como la consulta y tratamiento con un especialista de la salud en caso de presentar estos problemas. In recent decades, it has become more important to study the situation and problems that affect women in personal and social levels. However, there is less literature that accounts mental health topics affecting women, being scarcer in Chile. The study intends to approach the mental health of a specific group of women, to learn about their subjective perception about mental health problems -depression and anxietythey have experienced, and their relationship with their demographics. Also account for the relevance that these women assign to mental health, understood as consultation and treatment by a health specialist if they have these problems.

scholarly journals Intento suicida y factores asociados en dos instituciones de Cali – Colombia

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Pedro Nel Beitia Cardona ◽  
Estela Rodríguez Torres ◽  
Catalina Estrada González ◽  
Mercedes Benavides Portilla
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Trigger Factor ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Salud Mental

Objetivo: Analizar prospectivamente el perfil epidemiológico y clínico de consultantes en servicios de urgencias por intento suicida, en dos instituciones de salud de Cali Colombia. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional trasversal de consultantes en servicios de urgencias, sus historias clínicas y fichas de notificación; se analizan variables sociodemográficas, mecanismos, factores desencadenantes y de riesgo. Se realizó análisis descriptivo utilizando porcentajes e IC 95%. Para el análisis bivariado se estimó OR simple e IC95%. Los datos se procesaron en Epi info 7. Resultados: La edad media fue 28 años predominando mujeres con 63.81% (IC 95% 56.91% - 70.31%), especialmente estudiantes en 29.05% (IC 95% 23.01% - 35.69%). Depresión es la enfermedad mental presente con 43.33% (IC 95% 36.53% - 50.33%). Ruptura sentimental con 36.19% (IC 95% 29.69% - 43.09%), es el factor desencadenante. Intoxicación con 70.95% (IC 95% 64.31% - 76.99%), el mecanismo más utilizado. 82.38% (IC 95% 76.54% - 87.28%) lo intentaron por primera vez. Trastornos adaptativos, OR de 9.41 (IC 95% 2.75-32.20), bajo rendimiento académico OR de 11.05 (IC 1.12% 108.81), disfunción familiar OR de 3.15 (IC 95% 1.6- 6.20), consumo de benzodiacepinas OR de 4.62 (IC 95% 1.34-15.90) y consumo de cocaína en hombres, OR de 5.5 (IC 95% 1.68-17.94) fueron factores de riesgo. Conclusión: Es necesario implementar el sistema de vigilancia epidemiológica de conducta suicida acorde a la Ley 1616 de 2013, con base en factores desencadenantes y de riesgo identificados, brindar elementos para la formulación de políticas públicas encaminadas al mejoramiento de la convivencia social y la salud mental. Palabras clave: Intento de suicidio, factores de riesgo, salud mental.   Suicide attempts and associated factors in two institutions of Cali – Colombia Abstract Objective: Prospectively analyze the epidemiological and clinical profile of the consultants of emergency services for suicide attempt in two health institutions of Cali, Colombia. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional observational study of consultants in emergency services, their clinical history and notification sheets; sociodemographic variables, mechanisms, and trigger and risk factors are analyzed. A descriptive analysis was performed using percentages and CI 95%. For the bivariate analysis simple OR and CI95% was estimated. The data was processed in Epi info 7. Results: The median age was 28 years predominating women with 63.81% (CI 95% 56.91% - 70.31%), especially students, 29.05% (CI 95% 23.01 – 35.69%). Depression is the present mental illnesses with 43.33% (CI 95% 36.53% – 50.33%).  Romantic breakup is the trigger factor with 36.19% (CI 95% 29.69% - 43.09%). Intoxication with 70.95% (CI 95% 64.31% - 76.99%), is the most used mechanism. 82.38% (CI 95% 76.54% - 87.28%) tried it for the first time. Risk factors were: adaptive disorder, OR of 9.41 (IC 95% 2.75-32.20), low academic performance OR of 11.05 (IC 1.12% 108.81), family dysfunction OR of 3.15 (IC 95% 1.6- 6.20), benzodiazepine consumption OR of 4.62 (CI 95% 1.34-15.90) and male cocaine consumption, OR of 5.5 (CI 95% 1.68-17.94). Conclusion: It is necessary to implement an epidemiological suicide conduct surveillance system according to Law 1616 of 2013, based on identified trigger and risk factors, provide elements for the formulation of public policies that aim for improvement of social coexistence and mental health. Keywords: Suicide attempt, risk factors, mental health.   Intento suicida e fatores associados em dois instituições de Cali – Colômbia Resumo Objetivo: Analisar prospectivamente o perfil epidemiológico e clínico de pacientes em serviços de emergência hospitalar por intento suicida, em dois instituições de saúde da cidade de Cali na Colômbia. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo observacional transversal de pacientes em serviços de emergências, suas histórias clínicas e cartões de notificação; se analisaram variáveis sócio-demográficas, mecanismos, fatores desencadeantes e de risco. Realizou-se análise descritiva utilizando porcentagens e IC 95%. Para a análise bivariada se estimou OR simples e IC95%. Os dados se processaram em Epi info 7. Resultados: A idade média foi 28 anos predominando mulheres com 63,81% (IC 95% 56,91% - 70,31%), especialmente estudantes em 29,05% (IC 95% 23,01% - 35,69%). Depressão é a doença mental presente com 43,33% (IC 95% 36,53% - 50,33%). Ruptura sentimental com 36,19% (IC 95% 29,69% - 43,09%), é o fator desencadeante. Intoxicação com 70,95% (IC 95% 64,31% - 76,99%), o mecanismo mais utilizado. 82,38% (IC 95% 76,54% - 87,28%) o intentaram por primeira vez. Transtornos adaptativos, OR de 9,41 (IC 95% 2,75-32,20), baixo rendimento acadêmico OR de 11,05 (IC 1,12% 108,81), disfunção familiar OR de 3,15 (IC 95% 1,6- 6,20), consumo de benzodiazepinas OR de 4,62 (IC 95% 1,34-15,90) e consumo de cocaína em homens, OR de 5,5 (IC 95% 1,68-17,94) foram fatores de risco. Conclusão: é necessário implementar o sistema de vigilância epidemiológica de conduta suicida acorde à Lei 1616 de 2013, baseado em fatores desencadeantes e de risco identificados, fornecer os elementos para a formulação de políticas públicas encaminhadas ao melhoramento da convivência social e a saúde mental. Palavras-chave: fatores de risco, intento de suicídio, saúde mental.  

scholarly journals Abortion, unwanted childbearing, and mental health (Aborto, maternidad no deseada y salud mental)

Salud Mental ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Felipe Russo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Salud Mental ◽  
Las Mujeres

Una gran cantidad de literatura reporta hallazgos correlacionales de estudios realizados en países desarrollados donde el aborto es legal. Dichos estudios presentan graves problemas metodológicos y sesgos selectivos que exageran los riesgos de salud mental asociados con el aborto, mientras que minimizan los riesgos de la maternidad no deseada. Los profesionales de la salud deben ser capaces de evaluar críticamente esta literatura y tener cuidado al generalizar los hallazgos sobre el aborto provenientes de contextos diferentes en términos legales. Aspectos como las diversas características de las mujeres, y las circunstancias y razones para evitar un nacimiento, no se han incorporado adecuadamente en la teoría o la investigación que busca explicar la variación en la salud mental tras un aborto. Las revisiones críticas han dado cuenta de que los predictores de problemas de salud mental después de un aborto o de llevar a término el embarazo son similares. Además, cuando una mujer tiene un embarazo no deseado, la probabilidad de que pueda tener problemas de salud mental tras el embarazo es similar sin importar el resultado del mismo (aborto vs. nacimiento). Los sesgos de muestreo selectivo, así como factores de riesgo comunes y confundir el aborto con un embarazo no deseado, son elementos que pueden explicar la correlación existente entre el aborto legal y los resultados negativos en la salud mental observados en la literatura de los países desarrollados. Ahora bien, los efectos negativos documentados en embarazos y maternidad no deseados son múltiples, graves y de larga duración para la madre y el niño. Las condiciones cambiantes de la sociedad, en particular en los países en desarrollo, dan una oportunidad para corregir los sesgos y limitaciones de la investigación actual. En este sentido, son necesarios estudios de alta calidad destinados a comprender las diversas asociaciones entre los embarazos no deseados y los efectos, tanto positivos y negativos, en la salud mental. Tales estudios pueden sustentar el desarrollo de programas para reducir la maternidad no deseada y promover la salud mental pre y postembarazo para todas las mujeres, independientemente de si deciden interrumpir o no el embarazo.

scholarly journals Association and impact between moral development by depression and anxiety in university students in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (s1) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Rogaciano González-González ◽  
Raúl A. Gutiérrez-García ◽  
Abraham Sánchez Ruiz ◽  
María Abigail Paz-Pérez ◽  
Lorena Cudris-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
University Students ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Salud Mental

University students develop academic, emotional, and social skills, which allow them to moral development, however, they also present risk factors in mental health, which can be derived from educational, family, and compliance with social demands. Los universitarios desarrollan habilidad académicas, afectivas y sociales, que permiten el desarrollo moral, sin embargo, también presentan factores de riesgo en la salud mental, que pueden derivarse por cuestiones educativas, familiares y el cumplimiento de exigencias sociales.

Association between Criminological Risk Factors and Mental Health Problems among Urban Jail Inmates

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernie Gonzalez ◽  
Jorge G. Varela ◽  
Erika J. Canales ◽  
Alexandra Tellez ◽  
Amy B. Percosky
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Jail Inmates

Loneliness, social isolation and cardiovascular risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackson Alun ◽  
Barbara Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors

Loneliness and social isolation are increasingly being acknowledged as risk factors for both physical and mental health problems. Recent statistics demonstrate that loneliness and isolation are on the rise internationally, to the point of being classed as an epidemic. In this paper, the authors outline some of the recent research linking loneliness and isolation to significant chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes; mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression; cognitive disorders and dementia. Isolation has also been shown to compromise recovery after acute cardiac events, being associated with increased hospital readmission and premature death. Indeed, isolation has now been identified as a risk factor equivalent in effect to traditional risk factors such as smoking, hypertension and obesity. While distinguishing between objective and subjective indicators of isolation, the authors highlight the complexity of this phenomenon, both in terms of definition and measurement, as well as the interplay between subjective and objective indicators. Important clinical implications for health professionals working with cardiac patients are also proposed, in terms of screening for isolation, and possible interventions to support patients at risk of isolation. The aim of the current article is to emphasise the importance of acknowledging loneliness and isolation as key risk factors requiring urgent attention, both in research and in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Predictors of persistent maternal depression trajectories in early childhood: results from the EDEN mother–child cohort study in France

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1999-2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. van der Waerden ◽  
C. Galéra ◽  
M.-J. Saurel-Cubizolles ◽  
A.-L. Sutter-Dallay ◽  
M. Melchior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Maternal Depression ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Preschool Period ◽  
Persistent Depression ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

BackgroundMaternal depression in the pre- and postpartum period may set women on a course of chronic depressive symptoms. Little is known about predictors of persistently elevated depressive symptoms in mothers from pregnancy onwards. The aims of this study are to determine maternal depression trajectories from pregnancy to the child's fifth birthday and identify associated risk factors.MethodMothers (N = 1807) from the EDEN mother–child birth cohort study based in France (2003–2011) were followed from 24–28 weeks of pregnancy to their child's fifth birthday. Maternal depression trajectories were determined with a semi-parametric group-based modelling strategy. Sociodemographic, psychosocial and psychiatric predictors were explored for their association with trajectory class membership.ResultsFive trajectories of maternal symptoms of depression from pregnancy onwards were identified: no symptoms (60.2%); persistent intermediate-level depressive symptoms (25.2%); persistent high depressive symptoms (5.0%); high symptoms in pregnancy only (4.7%); high symptoms in the child's preschool period only (4.9%).Socio-demographic predictorsassociated with persistent depression were non-French origin;psychosocial predictorswere childhood adversities, life events during pregnancy and work overinvestment;psychiatric predictorswere previous mental health problems, psychological help, and high anxiety during pregnancy.ConclusionsPersistent depression in mothers of young children is associated to several risk factors present prior to or during pregnancy, notably anxiety. These characteristics precede depression trajectories and offer a possible entry point to enhance mother's mental health and reduce its burden on children.

Postpartum Psychosis: Risk factors and Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ousman Bajinka
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Postpartum Psychosis ◽  
Specialist Care ◽  
Puerperal Psychosis

Following childbirth, with a psychosis and associated mood disturbance, Postpartum Psychosis (PPP) is studied to be a severe mental health condition. PPP affects 1 to 2 per 1000 women among the psychiatric emergency. To curb this severe disorder, acute clinical intervention is warranted. Maternal mental health problems with a focus on depression as the condition with the biggest public health impact should be the way forward. This review is set to look into the risk factors, prevention and management of PPP. Both the acute onset and recurrence of psychiatric illness are common during the perinatal period as women are more vulnerable during this period. Timely detection and effective management of perinatal psychiatric disorders are critical for managing PPP. Part of the management strategies for women who experience PPP is to seek guidance on further pregnancies and risk of illness. Since PPP is a disturbing complication of childbirth that carries high risks for both mother and child, if one is at high risk of developing puerperal psychosis, there is the need for a specialist care during pregnancy and be seen by a psychiatrist.

Prevención de la psicopatología perinatal durante la gestación

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-82
Author(s):  
Katina Ilieva Kovacheva
Keyword(s):  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Salud Mental ◽  
Las Mujeres

En los últimos años, el conocimiento y las investigaciones en torno a la psicología perinatal han crecido exponencialmente, mostrando que el estado mental de la madre tiene importantísimas implicaciones en el desarrollo emocional, cognitivo y vincular del bebé, pero también en la pareja y la unidad familiar. La gestación no supone un estado protector para la salud mental. La mujer es más vulnerable al estrés y el puerperio es un período de especial incidencia de aparición de patología psíquica. Sin embargo, siguen existiendo pocos recursos asistenciales en salud mental perinatal. Generalmente las pacientes no piden ayuda y tratan de no manifestar sus problemas emocionales, por lo que solo se diagnostican una minoría de casos. En este artículo se pretende abordar la importancia de la salud mental de las mujeres embarazadas. Se hará un breve recorrido sobre los trastornos psicológicos que con mayor frecuencia se pueden encontrar en la etapa perinatal y los factores de riesgo más determinantes. También se repasarán algunos programas existentes para su prevención, detección o intervención.

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