Drug-induced seizures: prevalence, risk factors, treatment and prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (11) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Ostroumova ◽  
O. D. Ostroumova ◽  
E. S. Akimova ◽  
A. I. Kochetkov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Drug Induced Seizures

Drug-induced atrioventricular blockages

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
M. I. Kulikova ◽  
O. D. Ostroumova ◽  
A. G. Komarova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Antineoplastic Drugs ◽  
Av Node ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Av Conduction ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
Conduction Disorder

Atrio-ventricular (AV) blockages are a serious violation of the heart rhythm. One of the reasons for the development of this pathology may be taking medications. This effect has a significant number of drugs used for the treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular system, central nervous system, general and local anesthetics, antineoplastic drugs, and many others. The main mechanism for the development of drug-induced AV blockades is the inhibition of AV node conduction. The most common risk factors for the development of drug-induced AV blockades are taking two and more drugs that have an inhibitory effect on AV conduction, the initial duration of the PQ interval more than 0.2 second, initial dysfunction of the AV node, increased plasma concentration of a potential inducer drug due to the presence of kidney and/or liver disease, drugdrug interactions, and specific risk factors for individual drugs. Special attention in solving this problem should be paid to both stopping the developed AV conduction disorder – medication or using an electric cardiostimulator, and its prevention. This article systematizes the literature data on drug-induced AV blockades in order to increase the awareness of practitioners and patients about their prevalence, risk factors, approaches to diagnosis, treatment and prevention.

scholarly journals Drug-Induced Atrial Fibrillation / Atrial Flutter

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
O. D Ostroumova ◽  
M. S. Chernyaeva ◽  
A. I. Kochetkov ◽  
A. E. Vorobieva ◽  
D. I. Bakhteeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Holter Monitoring ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Conduction Disturbances ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Life Threatening

Drug-induced atrial fibrillation / flutter (DIAF) is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication of pharmacotherapy. Purpose of the work: systematization and analysis of scientific literature data on drugs, the use of which can cause the development of DIAF, as well as on epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, risk factors, clinical picture, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment and prevention of DIAF. Analysis of the literature has shown that many groups of drugs can cause the development of DIAF, with a greater frequency while taking anticancer drugs, drugs for the treatment of the cardiovascular, bronchopulmonary and central nervous systems. The mechanisms and main risk factors for the development of DIAF have not been finally established and are known only for certain drugs, therefore, this section requires further study. The main symptoms of DIAF are due to the severity of tachycardia and their influence on the parameters of central hemodynamics. For diagnosis, it is necessary to conduct an electrocardiogram (ECG) and Holter monitoring of an ECG and echocardiography. Differential diagnosis should be made with AF, which may be caused by other causes, as well as other rhythm and conduction disturbances. Successful treatment of DIAF is based on the principle of rapid recognition and immediate discontinuation of drugs (if possible), the use of which potentially caused the development of adverse drug reactions (ADR). The choice of management strategy: heart rate control or rhythm control, as well as the method of achievement (medication or non-medication), depends on the specific clinical situation. For the prevention of DIAF, it is necessary to instruct patients about possible symptoms and recommend self-monitoring of the pulse. It is important for practitioners to be wary of the risk of DIAF due to the variety of drugs that can potentially cause this ADR.

scholarly journals Drug-induced long QT interval: prevalence, risk factors, treatment and prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Olga D. Ostroumova ◽  
◽  
Irina V. Goloborodova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Qt Interval ◽  
Long Qt ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Long Qt Interval

scholarly journals Lung Injury Induced by Antitumor Drugs: Diagnosis, Features of the Clinical Course, Risk Factors, Differential Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention. Part 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
N. V. Orlovа ◽  
O. D. Ostroumovа ◽  
E. V. Shikh ◽  
S. V. Smerdin ◽  
E. V. Rebrovа ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Antitumor Drugs ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Duration Of Therapy ◽  
Treatment And Prevention

57 publications on pneumotoxicity of antitumor drugs were analyzed. It was found that the development of pneumotoxic effects could be influenced by risk factors such as gender, age, tobacco smoking, comorbidities, and duration of therapy. Symptoms of lung injury induced by antitumor drugs are nonspecific thus it is difficult to diagnose them promptly. For prevention, early diagnosis and timely management of drug-induced lung injury during antineoplastic therapy, it is necessary to raise awareness of such a condition in practitioners of different specialties, primarily general practitioners, pulmonologists, phthisiologists, and oncologists.

scholarly journals Sulfamethoxazole-induced sulfamethoxazole urolithiasis: a case report

BMC Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M. Roedel ◽  
Stephen Y. Nakada ◽  
Kristina L. Penniston
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Laser Lithotripsy ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Prevention Methods

Abstract Background Drug-induced urolithiasis falls into two categories: drug-induced and metabolically-induced. Certain antimicrobials are associated with each; sulfonamides are associated with drug- or metabolite-containing calculi when taken in large doses over a long period of time. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, a member of the sulfonamide family, is a rare cause of drug-induced calculi. Cases of sulfonamide urolithiasis occurring in patients with known stone disease have rarely been reported. Case presentation We report a case of a patient with a brief history of recurrent calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis requiring 2 ureteroscopic procedures whose existing 6 mm lower pole renal stone more than quadrupled in size to form a 4 cm renal staghorn after 4 months of high-dose treatment for Nocardia pneumonia with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. After ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy and basketing of fragments, the stone was found to be predominantly composed of N4-acetyl-sulfamethoxazole, a metabolite of sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion Stones composed of sulfamethoxazole or its metabolites are rare but have known associated risk factors that should be considered when prescribing this antibiotic. This case report illustrates additional risk factors for consideration, including pre-existing urinary calculi that may serve as a nidus for sulfamethoxazole deposition, and reviews treatment and prevention methods.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Complications of Drug-Induced Seizures

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef G. Thundiyil ◽  
Freda Rowley ◽  
Linda Papa ◽  
Kent R. Olson ◽  
Thomas E. Kearney
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Seizures

Liver and Statins: A Critical Appraisal of the Evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (42) ◽  
pp. 5835-5846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Licata ◽  
Antonina Giammanco ◽  
Maria Giovanna Minissale ◽  
Salvatore Pagano ◽  
Salvatore Petta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Organic Anion ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽  
Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Statins are a class of drugs whose main adverse effects are drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and myopathy. Some of these may be predictable, due to their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, while others, unfortunately, are idiosyncratic. Genetic factors may also influence patient susceptibility to DILI and myopathy in the case of statins. This review will first discuss the role of statins in cardiovascular disease treatment and prevention and the underlying mechanisms of action. Furthermore, to explore the susceptibility of statin-induced adverse events such as myopathy and hepatotoxicity, it will then focus on the recent Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) concerning the transporter genes, Cytochrome P450 (CYP), organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) and ABCB1 and ABCC1, which seem to play a role in the development of clinically relevant adverse events. Finally, we appraise the evidence for and against the use of statins in metabolic syndrome and in HCV-infected patients, in terms of their safety and efficacy in cardiovascular events.

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