scholarly journals Vascular Plants and Vegetation of the Sayula sub-basin, Jalisco, Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Macías-Rodríguez ◽  
Héctor Gerardo Frías-Ureña ◽  
Sergio Honorio Contreras-Rodríguez ◽  
Alfredo Frías-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Complex Landscape ◽  
The One ◽  
Total Species

<p><strong>Background:</strong> The Sayula sub-basin presents a complex landscape composed of plants communities that to date have not been studied in a timely manner, so this study contributes to the knowledge of the flora and vegetation of the area and the State.</p><p><strong>Question:</strong> i) How many and which families, genera and species are in the Sayula sub-basin? ii) What are the main biological forms of the species? iii) Are there species under any category of protection? iv) How many vegetation types are present within the region?<br /> <strong>Studied species:</strong> Ferns, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.<br /> <strong>Study site and years of study:</strong> The Sayula sub-basin, Jalisco, Mexico; from February 2012 to October 2015.<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> Through the literature review and field work the floristic checklist was elaborated. In addition, with the use of geographic information systems, a map of land use and vegetation was made.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> A total of 687 species were recorded, including 415 genera and 113 families. The five main families were Poaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae Solanaceae and Euphorbiaceae representing 42.6 % of the total species and 36.6 % of the genera. It should be noted that the predominant biological forms were herbs with 409, 105 shrubs and 74 trees. On the other hand, 47 species registered under some protection category of which, only one species <em>Cleomella jaliscensis</em> is endemic to the region. Finally, eight vegetation types were determined, being the tropical deciduous forest the one that occupies greater surface and presents greater floristic diversity.<br /> <strong>Conclusions:</strong> It is important to emphasize that during the realization of the work, agricultural activities were detected affecting the flora and vegetation, threatening the biodiversity and the natural balance of the region.</p>

scholarly journals Flora de la costa de Oaxaca, México (2): lista florística comentada del Parque Nacional Huatulco

2017 ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Silvia H. Salas-Morales ◽  
Leo Schibli ◽  
Arturo Nava-Zafra ◽  
Alfredo Saynes-Vásquez
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
National Park ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Dune Vegetation ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Secondary Vegetation ◽  
Coastal Dune Vegetation

An annotated list of vascular plant species and a floristic description of the vegetation types of the Huatulco National Park, Oaxaca, Mexico, are presented. Floristic exploration upon which the list is based took place in an area of approximately 6,374.98 ha. The study consisted of 18 collecting trips during which 4,382 numbers of vascular plants were collected, at altitudes ranging from sea level to 200 m. Of the 3,312 collections determined so far, 91 families, 391 genera, and 736 species are reported. The dominant families in number of species are Leguminosae (146), Euphorbiaceae (48), Asteraceae (42), and Convolvulaceae (37). Vegetation types recognized are coastal dune vegetation, gallery forest, mangroves, thorn forest, tropical deciduous forest, tropical subdeciduous forest, savanna, and secondary vegetation.

Differentiation of new coenomorph in context of the Belgard’s ecomorph system development

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Baranovski
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
System Development ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Tabular Form ◽  
Ecological Scales ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Levels

Nowadays, bioecological characteristics of species are the basis for flora and vegetation studying on the different levels. Bioecological characteristics of species is required in process of flora studying on the different levels such as biotopes or phytocenoses, floras of particular areas (floras of ecologically homogeneous habitats), and floras of certain territories. Ramensky scale is the one of first detailed ecological scales on plant species ordination in relation to various environmental factors; it developed in 1938 (Ramensky, 1971). A little later (1941), Pogrebnyak’s scale of forest stands was proposed. Ellenberg’s system developed in 1950 (Ellenberg, 1979) and Tsyganov’s system (Tsyganov, 1975) are best known as the systems of ecological scales on vascular plant species; these systems represent of habitat detection by ecotopic ecomorphs of plant species (phytoindication). Basically, the system proposed by Alexander Lyutsianovich Belgard was the one of first system of plant species that identiified ectomorphs in relation to environmental factors. As early as 1950, Belgard developed the tabulated system of ecomorphs using the Latin ecomorphs abbreviation; he also used the terminology proposed in the late 19th century by Dekandol (1956) and Warming (1903), as well as terminology of other authors. The article analyzes the features of Belgard’s system of ecomorphs on vascular plants. It has certain significance and advantages over other systems of ecomorphs. The use of abbreviated Latin names of ecomorphs in tabular form enables the use shortened form of ones. In the working scheme of Belgard’s system of ecomorphs relation of species to environmental factors are represented in the abbreviated Latin alphabetic version (Belgard, 1950). Combined into table, the ecomorphic analysis of plant species within association (ecological certification of species), biotope or area site (water area) gives an explicit pattern on ecological structure of flora within surveyed community, biotope or landscape, and on environmental conditions. Development and application by Belgrard the cenomorphs as «species’ adaptation to phytocenosis as a whole» were completely new in the development of systems of ecomorphs and, in this connection, different coenomorphs were distinguished. Like any concept, the system of ecomorphs by Belgard has the possibility and necessity to be developed and added. Long-time researches and analysis of literature sources allow to propose a new coenomorph in the context of Belgard’s system of ecomorphs development: silvomargoant (species of forest margin, from the Latin words margo – edge, boundary (Dvoretsky, 1976), margo – margin, ad margins silvarum – along the deciduous forest margins). As an example of ecomorphic characterization of species according to the system of ecomorphs by Belgard (when the abbreviated Latin ecomorph names are used in tabular form and the proposed cenomorph is used), it was given the part of the table on vascular plants ecomorphs in the National Nature Park «Orelsky» (Baranovsky et al). The Belgard’s system of ecomorphs is particularly convenient and can be successfully applied to data processing in the ecological analysis of the flora on wide areas with significant species richness, and the proposed ecomorph will be another necessary element in the Belgard’s system of ecomorphs. 

scholarly journals Soil Methanotrophy Model (MeMo v1.0): a process-based model to quantify global uptake of atmospheric methane by soil

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola Murguia-Flores ◽  
Sandra Arndt ◽  
Anita L. Ganesan ◽  
Guillermo N. Murray-Tortarolo ◽  
Edward R. C. Hornibrook
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Diffusion Reaction ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Atmospheric Methane ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
The One

Abstract. Soil bacteria known as methanotrophs are the sole biological sink for atmospheric methane (CH4), a powerful greenhouse gas that is responsible for ~ 20 % of the human-driven increase in radiative forcing since pre-industrial times. Soil methanotrophy is controlled by a plethora of different factors, including temperature, soil texture and moisture or nitrogen content, resulting in spatially and temporally heterogeneous rates of soil methanotrophy. As a consequence, the exact magnitude of the global soil sink, as well as its temporal and spatial variability remains poorly constrained. We developed a process-based model (Methanotrophy Model; MeMo v1.0) to simulate and quantify the uptake of atmospheric CH4 by soils on the global scale. MeMo builds on previous models by Ridgwell et al. (1999) and Curry (2007) by introducing several advances, including: (1) a general analytical solution of the one-dimensional diffusion-reaction equation in porous media, (2) a refined representation of nitrogen inhibition on soil methanotrophy, and (3) updated factors governing the influence of soil moisture and temperature on CH4 oxidation rates. We show that the improved representation of these key drivers of soil methanotrophy resulted in a better fit to observational data. A global simulation of soil methanotrophy for the period 1990–2009 using MeMo yielded an average annual sink of 34.3 ± 4.3 Tg CH4 yr−1. Warm and semiarid regions (tropical deciduous forest, dense and open shrubland) had the highest CH4 uptake rates of 630 and 580 mg CH4 m−2 y−1, respectively. In these regions, favorable annual soil moisture content (~ 20 % saturation) and low seasonal temperature variations (variations

scholarly journals La flora arbórea de Michoacán, México

2017 ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva M. Cué-Bär ◽  
José Luis Villaseñor ◽  
Libertad Arredondo-Amezcua ◽  
Guadalupe Cornejo-Tenorio ◽  
Guillermo Ibarra-Manríquez
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
The State ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Geologic History

Based on the review of floristic and taxonomic literature, as well as on the examination of specimens housed at the herbaria of the Centro Regional del Bajío (IEB) and the Instituto de Biología (MEXU), we recorded 845 species, 352 genera and 100 families of trees for the state of Michoacán, Mexico. The largest numbers of species per family were recorded for Asteraceae (82), Fabaceae (74), Mimosaceae (67), Caesalpiniaceae (39) and Burseraceae (38), while at the genus level Bursera (37), Quercus (35), Lonchocarpus (19), Senna (18), and Acacia (16) are the most speciose. The genus Beiselia (Burseraceae) and 14 species (1.8 %) are strict endemics to the state. A total of 28 families (28%) and 210 genera (60%) are represented in the state only by one tree species each. The most important vegetation types according to their species richness are tropical deciduous forest (593, 70.2%), coniferous forest (336, 39.8%) and oak forest (332, 39.3%). A high proportion (69.9%) of Michoacán’s tree species is located in 2-4 vegetation types; 173 species (21.5%) have been found just in one type, mainly in the tropical dry forest (87 species, 10.3%). The floristic richness of Michoacán is largely explained by its complex geologic history, its rugged physiography, its diverse climate, and its multiple vegetation types, as well as by its location at the confluence of the Holartic and Neotropical floristic kingdoms. Counties and species on which to focus conservation efforts for trees in the state are pinponted.

THE VEGETATION OF NORTHERN MANITOBA: IV. THE CARIBOU LAKE REGION

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Active Layers ◽  
Lake Region ◽  
Spruce Stands

Based on the findings of one season of field work, an account is given of the vegetation and flora (vascular plants) of the immediate vicinity of Caribou Lake in northeast Manitoba. The plant communities are grouped according to physiographic position. Their chorology is presented in the form of a map which was compiled from interpretation of vertical aerial photographs of the area. The appearance of the various vegetation types on the aerial photographs is described.The prevalent vegetation of mesic sites is a tundra community dominated by ericoid shrubs. There is strong evidence that much of this treeless vegetation occupies sites where trees once grew; they have been removed by fires. Recent alluvium bears stands of Picea glauca (white spruce) which shows good growth. Shallow wet peats are covered by black spruce stands with shrubs and mosses, chiefly Sphagnum. Deeper peats, usually with shallow active layers, bear heath or sedge–cottongrass tundra.

scholarly journals Iron islands in the Amazon: investigating plant beta diversity of canga outcrops

PhytoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Oliveira Andrino ◽  
Rafael Gomes Barbosa-Silva ◽  
Juliana Lovo ◽  
Pedro Lage Viana ◽  
Marcelo Freire Moro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Large Subgroup ◽  
Total Species

The world’s largest mineral iron province, Serra dos Carajás, is home to an open vegetation known as canga, found on top of isolated outcrops rising out of the Amazon rainforest. Over one thousand vascular plants species have been recorded in these canga sites, including 38 edaphic endemics. A new survey adds to our investigation of biogeographic relationships between sixteen canga outcrops and the effect of the distance between site pairs on the number of shared species, regional species turnover and species distribution patterns. Plant collecting expeditions to the westernmost site, the Serra de Campos of São Félix do Xingu (SFX), were carried out followed by the identification of all collected specimens and the creation of a species database, built to perform biogeographical analyses. Floristic relationships among the sites were investigated regarding their similarity, using multivariate analyses. The correlation between canga areas and species richness was tested, as well as the geographical distance between pairs of outcrops and their shared species. Vascular plants at SFX total 254 species including 17 edaphic endemics. All canga sites are grouped with 25% of minimum similarity, and the SFX falls within a large subgroup of outcrops. The total species number shared between site pairs does not change significantly with geographical distance but is positively correlated with the area of each outcrop. Meanwhile, shared endemic species numbers between site pairs decline when geographical distance increases, possibly imposed by the barrier of the rainforest. Our data suggest higher shared similarity between the largest and species-richest sites as opposed to geographically nearby sites, and provide useful insight for drafting conservation and compensation measures for canga locations. The size of the canga outcrops is associated to higher floristic diversity but connectivity among islands also plays a role in their similarity.

scholarly journals Distribution and diversity of Papilionidae and Pieridae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in Loxicha Region, Oaxaca, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Luis-Martínez ◽  
Alejandra Sánchez García ◽  
Omar Ávalos-Hernández ◽  
José Luis Salinas-Gutiérrez ◽  
Marysol Trujano-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity

Introduction: A reliable list of species and the analysis of diversity patterns of hyperdiverse taxa, like butterflies, are fundamental for monitoring and managing biological resources. Oaxaca is one of the most diverse states in Mexico for many groups including Lepidoptera and most of its diversity is unknown. Objective: to estimate and describe the species richness and diversity of Papilionidae and Pieridae along an altitudinal gradient and five vegetation types in the Loxicha Region, Oaxaca, Sierra Madre del Sur. Methods: Sampling effort comprised 222 collecting days during a period of seven years. We estimated the alpha diversity for 17 sites within an elevational gradient from 80 to 2 850 m, with five vegetation types: tropical deciduous forest (TDF), tropical sub-deciduous forest (TSDF), cloud forest (low and middle levels) (CF), oak-pine and cloud forest (high level) (OPCF) and oak-pine forest (OPF). Results: We obtained a list of 69 species (27 Papilionidae and 42 Pieridae), of 34 genera and five subfamilies, from literature records and fieldwork. These species are 60 % of the Pieridae and 48 % of the Papilionidae recorded for the state. The Loxicha Region has 36 % of the Pieridae and 30 % of the Papilionidae of Mexico. Both families present different species richness patterns by vegetation type. Papilionidae is richer in the TDF with 23 estimated species and most of the species of this family (84 %) occur below 500 m. Meanwhile, species richness of Pieridae has non-significant differences among vegetations types, except for OPF which has fewer species than the other types. The elevational gradient was divided into three levels (0-750, 750-1 800, 1 800-2 850 m) showing a reduction of species richness and diversity for both families at higher altitudes. Conclusions: Papilionidae species are more restricted to a vegetation type or elevational level than Pieridae species. Likely reasons are higher vagility (including migrations) and wider ecological tolerance of most Pieridae.

scholarly journals Flora bromeliológica del estado de Guerrero, México: riqueza y distribución

2017 ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Valeria Angélica Pulido-Esparza ◽  
Ana Rosa López-Ferrari ◽  
Adolfo Espejo-Serna
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
The State ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
First Time

The state of Guerrero is interesting because of its rich and peculiar Bromeliad flora that includes a large number of endemic species. Based on the study of 1,250 herbarium specimens corresponding to 797 collections, and a detailed bibliographic revision we conclude that the Bromeliad flora known up to now for Guerrero comprises 88 species and 11 genera. The genera Racinaea and Ursulaea and the species Catopsis berteroniana, Hechtia reflexa, Racinaea ghiesbreghtii, Tillandsia andrieuxii, T. gymnobotrya, T. magnusiana, T. marabascoensis, T. polystachia, T. rettigiana, T. tricolor and Ursulaea tuitensis, are recorded for the first time for Guerrero. The states whose Bromeliad flora is most similar to that of Guerrero are Jalisco, Michoacán and Colima, followed by State of México and Morelos. Among the vegetation types occurring in the state, Quercus forest is the richest with 42 taxa, followed by tropical deciduous forest with 33 and tropical subdeciduous forest with 27. The vegetation type with the lowest species number is the Juniperus forest. Finally, an updated catalogue of the Bromeliaceae from the state of Guerrero, including keys to genus and species identification, is presented; also, the species representation and distribution are analized in detail.

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