scholarly journals Determination of Cd, Mn and Ni accumulated in fruits, vegetables and soil in the Thohoyandou town area, South Africa

Water SA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2 April) ◽  
Author(s):  
Babra Moyo ◽  
Vhahangwele Matodzi ◽  
Malebogo A Legodi ◽  
Vusumzi E Pakade ◽  
Nikita T Tavengwa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Town Area

The accumulation of heavy metals such as Cd, Mn and Ni was investigated in seven different vegetables, fruits and soil samples from Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Heavy metals were quantified using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Concentrations of heavy metals in fruits and vegetables were in the range of 0.23–2.94 mg∙kg-1 for Cd, 11.72–50.16 mg∙kg-1 for Mn and 5.73 – 44.11 mg∙kg-1 for Ni on a dry weight basis. Analysis of soils from where fruits and vegetables were sampled showed that Cd in the soil was in the range of 0.08–1.07 mg∙kg-1, Mn levels were 204.99–249.13 mg∙kg-1 and Ni levels were 48.47–88.23 mg∙kg-1. Cd was below the instrument detection limit for soils on which onions and bananas were grown. Vegetables showed different accumulation abilities, with leafy vegetables being the highest accumulators of heavy metals. The obtained results showed that concentrations of Cd in fruits, vegetables and soils exceeded the recommended maximum acceptable levels proposed by FAO/WHO and, hence, may pose a health risk to consumers. Ni concentrations in bananas, onion, beetroot, spinach and Chinese cabbage exceeded recommended standards by FAO/WHO.

scholarly journals Determination of Cd, Mn and Ni accumulated in fruits, vegetables and soil in the Thohoyandou town area, South Africa

Water SA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2 April) ◽  
Author(s):  
Babra Moyo ◽  
Vhahangwele Matodzi ◽  
Malebogo A Legodi ◽  
Vusumzi E Pakade ◽  
Nikita T Tavengwa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Town Area

The accumulation of heavy metals such as Cd, Mn and Ni was investigated in seven different vegetables, fruits and soil samples from Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Heavy metals were quantified using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Concentrations of heavy metals in fruits and vegetables were in the range of 0.23–2.94 mg∙kg-1 for Cd, 11.72–50.16 mg∙kg-1 for Mn and 5.73 – 44.11 mg∙kg-1 for Ni on a dry weight basis. Analysis of soils from where fruits and vegetables were sampled showed that Cd in the soil was in the range of 0.08–1.07 mg∙kg-1, Mn levels were 204.99–249.13 mg∙kg-1 and Ni levels were 48.47–88.23 mg∙kg-1. Cd was below the instrument detection limit for soils on which onions and bananas were grown. Vegetables showed different accumulation abilities, with leafy vegetables being the highest accumulators of heavy metals. The obtained results showed that concentrations of Cd in fruits, vegetables and soils exceeded the recommended maximum acceptable levels proposed by FAO/WHO and, hence, may pose a health risk to consumers. Ni concentrations in bananas, onion, beetroot, spinach and Chinese cabbage exceeded recommended standards by FAO/WHO.

scholarly journals Levels of Heavy Metals in Popular Cigarette Brands and Exposure to These Metals via Smoking

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waqar Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption ◽  
Average Quantity ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

The levels of selected heavy metals in popular cigarette brands sold and/or produced in Saudi Arabia were determined by graphite furnace-atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Average concentrations of Cadmium and Lead in different cigarette brands were 1.81 and 2.46 μg g−1(dry weight), respectively. The results obtained in this study estimate the average quantity of Cd inhaled from smoking one packet of 20 cigarettes to be in the range of 0.22–0.78 μg. Results suggest that the quantity of Pb inhaled of smoking one packet of 20 cigarettes is estimated to be 0.97–2.64 μg. The concentrations of Cd and Pb in cigarettes were significantly different between cigarette brands tested. The results of the present study were compared with those of other regional and international studies.

Carbon Paste Electrode as a Support for Mercury Film in Potentiometric Stripping Determination of Heavy Metals

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1047-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Konvalina ◽  
Elmorsy Khaled ◽  
Karel Vytřas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Carbon Paste ◽  
Mercury Film ◽  
Potentiometric Stripping Analysis ◽  
Reference Determination ◽  
Paste Electrode

Carbon paste electrodes containing silicone or paraffin oil as the pasting liquids, preplated with a mercury film, were tested for possible use in potentiometric stripping determination of heavy metals like lead, cadmium and copper. The detailed study has shown that the results are comparable with those obtained with widely used mercury-coated glassy carbon electrode with regard to the linear response at low ppb levels, detection limits, reproducibility, etc. The potentiometric stripping analysis with both electrode materials was used for the determination of lead and copper in a soot sample. No significant differences were found when these results were compared with a reference determination performed by graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.

Determination of heavy metals in cigarettes using high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (27) ◽  
pp. 4033-4043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Ren ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Yao Ge ◽  
Lijiao Zhao ◽  
Rugang Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Continuum Source ◽  
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption

Quantitative determination of toxic metals in tobacco, smoke, ash and butts of cigarettes using HR-CS GFAAS.

scholarly journals Lead and Cadmium Contaminations in Fruits and Vegetables, and Arsenic in Rice: A Cross Sectional Study on Risk Assessment in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Reza Tajik ◽  
◽  
Abbas Alimoradian ◽  
Mohammad Jamalian ◽  
Mohsen Shamsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lead And Cadmium

Background: High levels of heavy metals in food are general concerns including carcinogenic effects. According to studies, the accumulation of heavy metals in crops and consumption of these products in diet, has led to serious health concerns. This study investigated the concentrations of lead and cadmium in popular agricultural products. Methods: In this descriptive study, some fresh agricultural products (leafy vegetables, tubers, cucurbits and seeds) were collected in the winter and summer. The samples were transferred to the laboratory and stored in a cold room. After the preparation of the samples, the lead and cadmium contents were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The data were analyzed statistically on SPSS v. 26 software. Results: The average concentrations of lead and cadmium in the winter was 37.23±4.7 and 34.77±0.5 while they were 44.12±0.02 and 56.83±0.01 μg/g in the summer. The highest amount of led content was reported in spinach at an average of 71.25 μg/g and the lowest content was found in watermelon at 30.67 μg/g. We observed a significant rise in the concentrations of the pollutants in leafy vegetables during the summer, which was also linked to the farms’ locations (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that the highest amount of lead accumulation was found in leafy vegetables and that of the cadmium was at permissible levels in all produces as recommended by WHO. The risk of non-cancerous diseases was also low. Future studied are warranted to assess the risk of heavy metal toxicity in people, especially in children, the elderly and pregnant women.

scholarly journals Quality and safety of some commercial spices brands

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Blagojevic ◽  
Stevan Blagojevic ◽  
Natasa Pejic ◽  
Biljana Begovic ◽  
Spasenka Gajinov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Hydride Generation ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Graphite Furnace Aas

In this study, in order to evaluate the quality and safety of selected commercial spices brands, contents of moisture and minerals, as well as the concentration of certain heavy metals (As, Hg and Pb) were determined in oregano, sweet basil, parsley and celery. The spice samples were subjected to microwave digestion, and were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), using hydride generation AAS technique, cold vapor AAS technique, and graphite furnace AAS technique for determination of As, Hg and Pb, respectively. Maximum concentrations of As and Pb were determined in the same brand sample of celery, and are 0.75 ppm and 0.40 ppm, respectively, while the maximum concentration of Hg in various brands sweet basil samples is 0.05 ppm. According to the results, the contents of moisture and minerals, as well as the concentrations of heavy metals in all selected spices were below the maximum permissible limits declared by the national legislations, and are safe for human consumption.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF ARSENIC CONTENT IN WASTEWATER-FED FISH POND IN HOANG MAI DISTRICT, HANOI, VIETNAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2A) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Le Thai Ha
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fish Pond ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Gf Aas

Aquaculture in pond fed with wastewater has been practiced since the 1960s in Hoang Mai and Thanh Tri districts in Hanoi, Vietnam. Wastewater after directly discharged in to Kim Nguu and To Lich river is currently used for cultivation of vegetables and fishes. According to the previous studies, the content of some heavy metals in water and sediments from Kim Nguu and To Lich river exceeded the Vietnamese standard values. In this study, arsenic concentration in water, sediment, fish and plant collected from a wastewater fed-fish pond in Hoang Mai district, Ha Noi, Vietnam were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF/AAS). Arsenic concentration in water collected from inlet and outlet sites of the pond were of 45.86 and 23.22 μg/L, respectively and those levels were higher than the Vietnamese standard. About 14% of arsenic entered the fish pond was in the suspended particulate mater (SPM) form. Arsenic concentration in the sediment ranged from 12.26 to 23.87 mg/kg (dry weight). The highest levels of arsenic found in the sediment near the pond outlet were probably caused by the movement of the sediment and heavy metals with the water flow. Based on the Vietnamese standards for agriculture soils, the studied pond sediment is not safe for crop application. Arsenic contents of 0.20 and 0.06 mg/kg (dry weight) were found in tissues of common carp and tilapia. The lower As contents in the outlet water in comparison to the inlet water showed that part of As was removed in the fish pond by different processes including the sedimentation and bio-adsorption. The As contents in the coarse stems/leaves of the water spinach samples were about 2.6 times higher than those in the shoot tips/younger leaves. As the findings, the water spinach and fish in this wastewater –fed fish pond were considered safe for human consumption with respect to arsenic content and Vietnamese standard.

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