scholarly journals A Reply to Camilla Pickles' “Pregnancy Law in South Africa: Between Reproductive Autonomy and Foetal Interests”

2022 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Shaun De Freitas
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Reproductive Autonomy ◽  
Single Entity ◽  
The Status ◽  
African Context ◽  
Abuse During Pregnancy

Camilla Pickles’ Pregnancy Law in South Africa. Between Reproductive Autonomy and Foetal Interests (Pregnancy Law) aims at providing a less adversarial angle related to the pregnant woman and the unborn within her, by moving away from the pregnant woman as a single entity (including the unborn within her) as well as from viewing the pregnant woman and the unborn within her as two separate entities of distinctive value and separate needs. This applies to four categories addressed by Pregnancy Law, namely foetal personhood, violence against pregnant women that terminates pregnancies, substance abuse during pregnancy, and termination of pregnancy for especially the South African context. Pregnancy Law positions its argument on a relational model that emphasises the context of pregnancy as signifying a connection between the pregnant woman (with rights) and the unborn (with interests) inside of her, the unborn being fully dependent on the pregnant woman’s body. This in turn is blended with what is referred to as a not-one/not-two approach. Bearing this in mind, Pregnancy Law claims to provide a compromise, middle ground and third approach regarding what is perceived to be the extremes of the single-entity and separate-entities approaches. Bearing this in mind, this article comprises a critical appraisal directed at Pregnancy Law’s claims as alluded to in the above with specific focus on the status of the unborn against the background of abortion (which in turn has implications for matters related to foetal personhood, violence against pregnant women that terminates pregnancies and substance abuse during pregnancy).

scholarly journals Arguing the case: Committing pregnant substance abusers to compulsory care

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese Reitan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Drug Research ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Clear Indication ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Compulsory Care ◽  
Abuse During Pregnancy

Reitan, T. (2016). Arguing the case: Committing pregnant substance abusers to compulsory care. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 5(3), 131-139. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v5i3.219Aims: To analyse how social services relate to compulsory care legislation in applications for compulsory care for substance abuse in cases involving pregnant women, given that such commitments cannot be made solely for the sake of the fetus/unborn child.Design: Applications for compulsory care to administrative courts involving pregnant women categorized according to how the pregnancy was presented or emphasized.Setting: Compulsory care for substance abuse in Sweden.Participants: 116 cases involving 107 individuals who were pregnant at the time of application for commitment to compulsory care between 2000 and 2009.Findings: In 43% of the cases the risks for both the woman and the fetus’/child’s health was emphasized. In 28% of the cases the applications were primarily for the sake of the fetus/child. In 17% of the cases the pregnancy was mentioned in a neutral manner, while in 8% of the cases the fact that the woman was abusing substances during pregnancy was presented as an indication of the severity of the problem.Conclusions: References were commonly made to the interests of the woman and the fetus/child as an entity, but social services also openly claimed the need for commitment primarily for the sake of the child. Arguments also mirrored the debate when legislation was first introduced; for example, that substance abuse during pregnancy is a clear indication of how serious the problem is, and how this situation may be hazardous to the woman’s mental health should she become the cause of severe and irrevocable harm to her child.

scholarly journals Analisis Konsep Kawin Hamil pada Film Dua Garis Biru Perspektif Hukum Positif Indonesia dan Hukum Islam

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Emiliya Ehsaniyah
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
The Status ◽  
Legal Marriage ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Husband And Wife

Nowadays, there are many cases of marriage for pregnant women, this is one of the effects of too free association between men and women. The phenomenon of pregnant marriage as a result of promiscuity among adolescents is reflected in the film Two Blue Lines. In Islamic law, people who engage in husband and wife relations outside of a legal marriage are punished as adultery. If the adultery results in pregnancy and marriage, the priests of the Madzhab have different opinions regarding the validity of the marriage and also the status of the child in the womb. Whereas in positive law (Marriage Law and KHI), the marriage of a pregnant woman is legal and the status of the child who is born later is categorized as a legal child. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the concept of pregnant marriage contained in the scenes of the film Dua Lines Biru to be analyzed using Law No.1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, Islamic Law, and Compilation of Islamic Law.

scholarly journals The Assessment Of Intellectual Capital (Ic) In The South African Context – A Qualitative Approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius De Beer ◽  
Neil Barnes
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
South African Context ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
The South ◽  
The Status ◽  
African Context

The aim of the article is to report on an investigation into IC as portrayed by thought leaders and research groups, against a South African background. An attempt was made to clarify relevant terminology, develop a model and methodology for South African application, and assess the status of IC within the South Africa context through a qualitative methodology using Focus Groups. Results indicated that IC in South Africa is still in the infancy stage. However, models and methodologies developed in other continents could with changes be applied in the South African context. OpsommingDie doel van hierdie artikel is om verslag te doen oor die ondersoek na Intellektuele Kapitaal (IK) soos voorgestel deur vakkundiges en navorsingsgroepe, teen die agtergrond van die Suid Afrikaanse situasie. ’n Poging is aangewend om tersaaklike terminologie te verklaar, ’n model en metodologie vir Suid Afrikaanse aanwending te ontwikkel, en dit sowel as die status van IK in die Suid Afrikaanse omgewing te ondersoek deur middel van ’n kwalitatiewe metodologie, naamlik fokusgroepe. IK in Suid Afrika is steeds in die kinderskoene. Modelle en metodologieë ontwikkel in ander lande kan egter met aanpassings aangewend word vir aanwending in die Suid Afrikaanse omgewing.

Combination of XGBoost Analysis and Rule-Based Method for Intrapartum Cardiotocograph Classification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pao-Lin Kuo ◽  
Bee Yen Lim ◽  
Yi-Chun Du ◽  
Po-Fan Chen ◽  
Pei-Yin Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Uterine Contraction ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Extreme Gradient Boosting ◽  
The Status ◽  
Unknown Status

Abstract Cardiotocograph (CTG) contains uterine contraction (UC) and fetal heart rate (FHR) signals, which is an important information of clinical pregnant woman care. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) is one of the reference guides for clinical care and it classified pregnant woman into three categories including I, II, and III to evaluate the status of fetus. However, when it comes to manual interpretation was time-consuming and not easy to observe the slight differences. In this study, we combined rule-based method and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) analysis for intrapartum cardiotocograph classification. Because the category II of NICHD is defined unknown status, XGBoost analysis was used to classify the category II into IIa and IIb, and analyze their probability of fetal distress (FD). From the clinical trial of 68 pregnant women, the results of three categories (I, II and III) were consistent and no statistical difference with the clinicians’ interpretation and the average Kappa was about 0.72. The results also indicated that the probability of FD was 28.8% and 71.2% in category IIa and IIb, respectively. It shows the proposed method has potential to provide a clinical assistant tool for pregnant women care.

Traditional-bank customers' digital-only bank resistance: evidence from South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Nel ◽  
Christo Boshoff
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Status ◽  
African Context ◽  
New Research

PurposeDigital-only banks are emerging as challenger banks to the traditional-bank business model in South Africa. However, traditional-bank customers could resist the use of digital-only banks, theoretically due to their satisfaction with the status quo. Consequently, inertia arising from bias to traditional banks based on status quo satisfaction could engender their resistance to become customers of digital-only banks. The objective of the study, therefore, is to investigate how traditional-bank customers' inertia influences digital-only bank resistance.Design/methodology/approachBased on a literature review, digital-only bank adoption barriers and cognitive-based initial distrusting beliefs were identified as mediators of the influence of inertia on digital-only bank resistance. To test the mediation model empirically, data was collected from 610 traditional-bank-only customers.FindingsThe five adoption barriers fully mediate the influence of inertia on cognitive-based initial distrusting beliefs. The five barriers in serial with cognitive-based initial distrusting beliefs partially mediate the influence of traditional-bank customers' inertia on digital-only bank resistance. Cognitive-based initial distrusting belief is an essential factor in the mechanism underlying the influence of traditional-bank customers' inertia on digital-only bank resistance.Originality/valueDigital-only banks are relatively new. Research is therefore lacking in consumer behavior explaining the use of digital-only banks by traditional-bank customers in the South African context. A further novelty of the study is the empirical assessment of mechanisms that explain the influence of inertia on cognitive-based initial distrusting beliefs, and the influence of inertia on resistance behavior.

‘This place is not for children like her’: disability, ambiguous belonging and the claiming of disadvantage in postapartheid South Africa

2018 ◽  
pp. medhum-2018-011560
Author(s):  
Michelle Botha ◽  
Brian Watermeyer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Black People ◽  
Racial Segregation ◽  
African Woman ◽  
Formal Schooling ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The Status ◽  
African Context ◽  
Democratic Election

This paper presents an exploration of my experiences and unique positioning as a blind, White South African woman. It explores the complex intersections of multiple axes of identity in my own experience to do with disability, race, class and language and, in so doing, presents some ideas about the ways in which disability complicates and disturbs simplistic identity categories. It draws, in particular, on the experience of my first year of formal schooling which took place in 1994 as South Africa held its first democratic election, bringing a politico-legal, if not actual, end to decades of racial segregation. Using this experience, I explore the ways in which, against the sociopolitical backdrop of apartheid’s racial segregation, ideas about race and disability, that is, Blackness and blindness, became entangled and how this entanglement impacted my ability to claim a place as either blind or sighted. Through this critical engagement I hope to be able to offer a perspective, not only on how the apartheid system operated, forcing the projection of negative characteristics onto Black people, but also on how this legacy continues to impact those of us who occupy unstable positions, at the intersection of privilege and marginality. Central to the argument is the position that the wholesale binding up of social disadvantage with race in the South African context prohibits and manages the status that persons with disabilities are able, or not able, to claim.

scholarly journals Status Karies Gigi, Status Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut dan Status Gingivitis Ibu Hamil Trimester I dan II

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Paulena Fao Lei ◽  
Emma Krisyudhanti ◽  
Christina Ngadilah ◽  
Applonia Leo Obi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
The Status ◽  
Carious Teeth

Abstract: Dental Caries Status, Status of Dental and Oral Hygiene and Gingivitis Status of Pregnant Women Trimester I and II. Pregnancy is an event that is often encountered in a woman's life because pregnant women are one group that is vulnerable to dental and oral diseases. The purpose of this study: to determine the status of dental caries, the status of dental and oral hygiene, and the status of gingivitis for first and second-trimester pregnant women in Tarus Health Center, Kupang Regency. The research method used is descriptive. sampling with an accidental sampling technique totaling 73 pregnant women who came to the health center Tarus. The results of the study in the first trimester - the average pregnant woman experienced 4 carious teeth included in the medium category, and the second trimester the average pregnant woman had 4 carious teeth including the moderate category. The level of dental and oral hygiene of trimester I and II pregnant women includes moderate criteria with an average of 2.2, the status of gingivitis for first-trimester pregnant women (38.7%) who have moderate gingivitis, and trimester II has mild gingivitis (45, 2%). the frequency of brushing teeth twice a day but the time used is still not right and the average pregnant woman never uses dental floss. While gargling habits use more cold water, and for a balanced diet consume more acidic foods and pregnant women trimester I and II control the health of their teeth and mouth only when sick. It was concluded that the dental caries status of pregnant women trimester I and II included in the moderate category, the status of dental and oral hygiene criteria of moderate and gingivitis status of pregnant women for trimester I including moderate inflammation and trimester II mild inflammation, and maintenance of dental and oral health of pregnant women was not optimal because there are still many pregnant women who ignore oral and dental hygiene. Abstrak: Status Karies Gigi, Status Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut dan Status Gingivitis Ibu Hamil Trimester I dan II. Kehamilan merupakan suatu peristiwa yang sering di jumpai dalam kehidupan seorang wanita, sebab wanita hamil merupakan salah satu kelompok yang rentan terhadap penyakit gigi dan mulut. Tujuan penelitian : untuk mengetahui status karies gigi, status kebersihan gigi dan mulut  dan status gingivitis ibu hamil trimester I dan II di Puskesmas Tarus Kabupaten Kupang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. pengambilan sampel dengan teknik accidental sampling berjumlah 73 ibu hamil yang datang di Puskesmas Tarus. Hasil penelitian pada trimester I rata – rata ibu hamil mengalami 4 gigi berkaries termasuk kategori sedang, dan trimester II rata – rata ibu hamil mengalami 4 gigi berkaries termasuk kategori sedang. Tingkat kebersihan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil trimester I dan II termasuk kriteria sedang dengan rata – rata 2,2, status gingivitis ibu hamil trimester I sebanyak (38,7%) yang mengalami gingivitis sedang, dan trimester II mengalami gingivitis ringan sebanyak (45,2%). frekuensi menyikat gigi 2 kali sehari tetapi waktu yang digunakan masih belum tepat dan rata – rata ibu hamil tidak pernah menggunakan benang gigi. Sedangkan kebiasaan berkumur lebih banyak menggunakan air dingin, dan untuk diet seimbang lebih banyak mengkonsumsi makanan yang bersifat asam dan ibu hamil trimester I dan II mengontrol kesehatan gigi dan mulutnya hanya ketika sakit. Disimpulkan bahwa status karies gigi ibu hamil trimester I dan II termasuk kategori sedang, status kebersihan gigi dan mulut kriteria sedang dan status gingivitis ibu hamil untuk trimester I termasuk inflamasi sedang dan trimester II inflamasi ringan, serta pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil belum maksimal karena masih banyak ibu hamil yang mengabaikan kebersihan gigi dan mulut.

scholarly journals Status Karies Gigi, Status Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut dan Status Gingivitis Ibu Hamil Trimester I dan II

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Paulena Fao Lei ◽  
Emma Krisyudhanti ◽  
Christina Ngadilah ◽  
Applonia Leo Obi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
The Status ◽  
Carious Teeth

Abstract: Dental Caries Status, Status of Dental and Oral Hygiene and Gingivitis Status of Pregnant Women Trimester I and II. Pregnancy is an event that is often encountered in a woman's life because pregnant women are one group that is vulnerable to dental and oral diseases. The purpose of this study: to determine the status of dental caries, the status of dental and oral hygiene, and the status of gingivitis for first and second-trimester pregnant women in Tarus Health Center, Kupang Regency. The research method used is descriptive. sampling with an accidental sampling technique totaling 73 pregnant women who came to the health center Tarus. The results of the study in the first trimester - the average pregnant woman experienced 4 carious teeth included in the medium category, and the second trimester the average pregnant woman had 4 carious teeth including the moderate category. The level of dental and oral hygiene of trimester I and II pregnant women includes moderate criteria with an average of 2.2, the status of gingivitis for first-trimester pregnant women (38.7%) who have moderate gingivitis, and trimester II has mild gingivitis (45, 2%). the frequency of brushing teeth twice a day but the time used is still not right and the average pregnant woman never uses dental floss. While gargling habits use more cold water, and for a balanced diet consume more acidic foods and pregnant women trimester I and II control the health of their teeth and mouth only when sick. It was concluded that the dental caries status of pregnant women trimester I and II included in the moderate category, the status of dental and oral hygiene criteria of moderate and gingivitis status of pregnant women for trimester I including moderate inflammation and trimester II mild inflammation, and maintenance of dental and oral health of pregnant women was not optimal because there are still many pregnant women who ignore oral and dental hygiene. Abstrak: Status Karies Gigi, Status Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut dan Status Gingivitis Ibu Hamil Trimester I dan II. Kehamilan merupakan suatu peristiwa yang sering di jumpai dalam kehidupan seorang wanita, sebab wanita hamil merupakan salah satu kelompok yang rentan terhadap penyakit gigi dan mulut. Tujuan penelitian : untuk mengetahui status karies gigi, status kebersihan gigi dan mulut  dan status gingivitis ibu hamil trimester I dan II di Puskesmas Tarus Kabupaten Kupang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. pengambilan sampel dengan teknik accidental sampling berjumlah 73 ibu hamil yang datang di Puskesmas Tarus. Hasil penelitian pada trimester I rata – rata ibu hamil mengalami 4 gigi berkaries termasuk kategori sedang, dan trimester II rata – rata ibu hamil mengalami 4 gigi berkaries termasuk kategori sedang. Tingkat kebersihan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil trimester I dan II termasuk kriteria sedang dengan rata – rata 2,2, status gingivitis ibu hamil trimester I sebanyak (38,7%) yang mengalami gingivitis sedang, dan trimester II mengalami gingivitis ringan sebanyak (45,2%). frekuensi menyikat gigi 2 kali sehari tetapi waktu yang digunakan masih belum tepat dan rata – rata ibu hamil tidak pernah menggunakan benang gigi. Sedangkan kebiasaan berkumur lebih banyak menggunakan air dingin, dan untuk diet seimbang lebih banyak mengkonsumsi makanan yang bersifat asam dan ibu hamil trimester I dan II mengontrol kesehatan gigi dan mulutnya hanya ketika sakit. Disimpulkan bahwa status karies gigi ibu hamil trimester I dan II termasuk kategori sedang, status kebersihan gigi dan mulut kriteria sedang dan status gingivitis ibu hamil untuk trimester I termasuk inflamasi sedang dan trimester II inflamasi ringan, serta pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil belum maksimal karena masih banyak ibu hamil yang mengabaikan kebersihan gigi dan mulut.

Clinical case of periostitis in pregnant women complicated by sepsis

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-63
Author(s):  
S. Sh. Kakvaeva ◽  
M. A. Magomedova ◽  
A. N. Dzhalilova
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Number Of Patients

One of the most serious problems of modern medicine is sepsis. The number of patients undergoing this complication is 20–30 million (WHO) annually and has no tendency to decrease. Sepsis is characterized by severe multiple organ failure due to a violation of the response of the macroorganism to an infectious agent. Moreover, it is dangerous with high mortality. Sepsis often develops in patients with immunodeficiency conditions, which primarily include pregnant women. The article presents a clinical observation of a case of periostitis in a pregnant woman complicated by a septic state.

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