scholarly journals Genetic diversity among flue-cured tobacco cultivars on the basis of AFLP markers

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 155-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.Z. Liu ◽  
C.S. He ◽  
Y.M. Yang ◽  
H.Y. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
Breeding Research ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AFLP analyses were used to assess the genetic similarity among selected accessions at the South China Tobacco Breeding Research Centre (Yunnan province, Southwest China). 154 AFLP polymorphic fragments out of 561 fragments were used to assess the genetic diversity among 28 tobacco accessions. The average number of polymorphic bands per AFLP primer pair was 15.4. AFLPs seemed to be an effective classification tools for germplasm conservation and breeding. Limited genetic variation was detected within this group of accessions. The relationship of cultivars was estimated by cluster analysis based on AFLP data.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and population structure of rice stripe virus in China

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tai-Yun Wei ◽  
Jin-Guang Yang ◽  
Fu-Long Liao ◽  
Fang-Luan Gao ◽  
Lian-Ming Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Rice Stripe Virus ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Strong Negative Selection ◽  
Recent Outbreak

Rice stripe virus (RSV) is one of the most economically important pathogens of rice and is repeatedly epidemic in China, Japan and Korea. The most recent outbreak of RSV in eastern China in 2000 caused significant losses and raised serious concerns. In this paper, we provide a genotyping profile of RSV field isolates and describe the population structure of RSV in China, based on the nucleotide sequences of isolates collected from different geographical regions during 1997–2004. RSV isolates could be divided into two or three subtypes, depending on which gene was analysed. The genetic distances between subtypes range from 0.050 to 0.067. The population from eastern China is composed only of subtype I/IB isolates. In contrast, the population from Yunnan province (southwest China) is composed mainly of subtype II isolates, but also contains a small proportion of subtype I/IB isolates and subtype IA isolates. However, subpopulations collected from different districts in eastern China or Yunnan province are not genetically differentiated and show frequent gene flow. RSV genes were found to be under strong negative selection. Our data suggest that the most recent outbreak of RSV in eastern China was not due to the invasion of new RSV subtype(s). The evolutionary processes contributing to the observed genetic diversity and population structure are discussed.

scholarly journals Analysis of genetic diversity and association of seed and mucilage yields with inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) polymorphism in a collection of Plantgao species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bagheri Motahareh ◽  
Bahram Heidrai ◽  
Zolfaghar Shahriari ◽  
Ali Dadkhodaie ◽  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Phylogenetic Network ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Issr Primers

AbstractAnalysis of genetic diversity in medicinal plants assists germplasm conservation and selection for use in breeding schemes. The aims of the present study were to assess genetic diversity and differentiation of several Plantago species using Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers and identify marker-trait associations (MTAs). Thirty-one Plantago accessions belonging to eight species with various mating system and chromosome number were collected from geographical regions of Iran environments. Polymorphism in the DNA of Plantago accessions were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of 25 ISSR primers. The data for number of polymorphic bands were analyzed on the basis of several genetic diversity parameters. The results of gel analysis indicated that the ISSR primers amplified 5 to 21 polymorphic bands with 100 to 3000 bp size. The mean polymorphism was 83.83% and five primers showed 100% polymorphism among Plantago accessions. The Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) for ISSR as a dominant marker ranged from 0.1103 to 0.3829 with the mean 0.2727 in the species tested. Accessions in P. amplexicaulis and P. pysillum species represented the highest Nei’s and Shannon’s genetic diversity whilst the lowest obtained for P. lagopus. Analysis of phylogenetic network generated by the Neighbor-Net Algorithm showed moderate split of the eight species tested and the network depicted moderate conflict. The principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) results showed lower conflict in separation of accessions of the eight species. Fifty-six significant MTAs were detected for the traits tested in Plantago accessions, of which six were shared between three seed and mucilage traits and 24 were common between two traits. The coefficient of determination (R2) for the identified MTAs varied between 32 and 73%. In conclusion, the results of genetic diversity analysis suggested that ISSR marker could efficiently differentiate Plantago species and the information of genetic diversity might assist Plantago improvement and conservation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Genetic Diversity of Xylella fastidiosa Strains from Citrus and Coffee Hosts by Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 1543-1549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Wickert ◽  
Marcos Antonio Machado ◽  
Eliana G. M. Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to obtain information about genetic diversity and make some inferences about the relationship of 27 strains of Xylella fastidiosa from different hosts and distinct geographical areas. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) molecular markers were identified in DNA sequences from 16 distinct regions of the genome of 24 strains of X. fastidiosa from coffee and citrus plants. Among the Brazilian strains, coffee-dependent strains have a greater number of SNPs (10 to 24 SNPs) than the citrus-based strains (2 to 12 SNPs); all the strains were compared with the sequenced strain 9a5c. The identified SNP markers were able to distinguish, for the first time, strains from citrus plants and coffee and showed that strains from coffee present higher genetic diversity than the others. These markers also have proven to be efficient for discriminating strains from the same host obtained from different geographic regions. X. fastidiosa, the causal agent of citrus variegated chlorosis, possesses genetic diversity, and the SNP markers were highly efficient for discriminating genetically close organisms.

scholarly journals Study genetic diversity between trichophyton rubrum isolates using ISSR and RAPD markers

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Milad A. Mezher ◽  
Sanaa Mohammad ◽  
Khalil Wahab ◽  
Zainab Salman ◽  
Suzan Rashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Polymorphic Band ◽  
Main Band ◽  
The Third ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rapd And Issr

        The present study included detection of genetic variability, and identification of genetic relationship and finding a fingerprint of the ten clinical isolates related to Trichophyton rubrum using RAPD and ISSR markers. The experiment was carried out and the results performed using six primer of the RAPD markers  these primers showed 239 amplified  band , out of  these band 90 of them was considered as a main band, and 149 was Polymorphic band , the largest number of bands was 30 in the isolate TR6  and less number of bands in the isolate TR7.   The results clear the value of genetic diversity based on RAPD analysis the lowest value of genetic diversity (0.13005) between the isolate TR3 and TR9while the highest genetic diversity (0.55941) was between the isolates TR5 and TR8. The analysis of the relationship shows that there are three main groups: the first group include isolate TR8, while the second group included three isolates are isolate TR2, isolate TR10 and isolates TR3, The third group included three subgroups included the first isolate TR1,isolates TR4 and second isolate TR3 and isolate TR9 and the third included the isolate TR5 and isolates TR6.The results of ISSR experiments: the use six a primers in the of the ISSR showed 192 bands, in the isolate  of Trichophyton rubrum, two of these primers showed monomorphic bands (in number and location) and six primers showed monomorphic and polymorphic bands, while one showed only polymorphic bands among Trichophyton rubrum isolates. And the largest number of bands was 24 in the TR5 and less number of bands 16 in isolate TR3 and isolate TR8 were finding DNA fingerprint to isolate TR1, isolate TR5, and isolate TR3.    The ISSR markers showed lowest genetic polymorphism was (0.05561) between the isolates TR2 and isolate TR7 and the largest genetic distance was (0.40501) between the isolate TR4 and isolate TR8. The analysis of the relationship of genetic showed that there are three groups key first included isolates and only one isolate TR8 and the second involving isolates TR2 and isolate TR7, isolate TR4 and isolate TR3, while the group included three sub-groups, the first included isolate TR1 and isolate TR6, and the second involving isolate TR5, isolate TR10 and isolate TR9. The results confirmed the efficiency markers of the RAPD and ISSR in contrast, find a genetic fingerprint to the isolates of Trichophyton rubrum, and these markers differ in mechanical detection contrast, and coverage is Genome. Therefore Complementary to each other, although the ISSR markers were more efficient in terms of the number of binding  sites in each type of the isolates of Trichophyton rubrum and so can the initiator of the discovery of a much larger area from  Genome.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Iranian Pomegranate Cultivars Using Fruit Morphological Characteristics and AFLP Markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra NEMATI ◽  
Ali TEHRANIFAR ◽  
Mohammad FARSI ◽  
Amin MIRSHAMSI KAKHKI ◽  
Hossein NEMATI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
The Relationship

The present research evaluated the diversity of a number of Iranian pomegranate cultivars using fruit morphological characteristics and AFLP markers. Thirty-one pomegranate cultivars were collected from Yazd Pomegranate Collection in Iran to study their diversity. Seven AFLP primer combinations were used to amplify a total of 112 polymorphic fragments (47.26%). By use of AFLPs, a low genetic diversity level was detected among cultivars. The relationship between fruit characteristics was analyzed using the principal component analysis (PCA). The cluster analysis based on both fruit characteristics and AFLP data indicated that cultivars were not grouped according to their geographic origins. Moreover, the correlation between the diversity matrix based on fruit characteristics and Dice’s genetic similarity coefficient was insignificant (r=0.06). The results obtained from this study can improve the conservation and management of pomegranate germplasm resources and could be helpful in optimizing breeding programs.

scholarly journals Relationship of Abrupt Vegetation Change to Climate Change and Ecological Engineering with Multi-Timescale Analysis in the Karst Region, Southwest China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Xu ◽  
Huiyu Liu ◽  
Zhenshan Lin ◽  
Fusheng Jiao ◽  
Haibo Gong
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Abrupt Change ◽  
Karst Region ◽  
The West ◽  
Term Trend ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Long Term Trend

Vegetation is known to be sensitive to both climate change and anthropogenic disturbance in the karst region. However, the relationship between an abrupt change in vegetation and its driving factors is unclear at multiple timescales. Based on the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test and the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method, the abrupt changes in vegetation and its possible relationships with the driving factors in the karst region of southwest China during 1982–2015 are revealed at multiple timescales. The results showed that: (1) the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) showed an overall increasing trend and had an abrupt change in 2001. After the abrupt change, the greening trend of the NDVI in the east and the browning trend in the west, both changed from insignificant to significant. (2) After the abrupt change, at the 2.5-year time scale, the correlation between the NDVI and temperature changed from insignificantly negative to significantly negative in the west. Over the long-term trend, it changed from significantly negative to significantly positive in the east, but changed from significantly positive to significantly negative in the west. The abrupt change primarily occurred on the long-term trend. (3) After the abrupt change, 1143.32 km2 farmland was converted to forests in the east, and the forest area had significantly increased. (4) At the 2.5-year time scale, the abrupt change in the relationships between the NDVI and climate factors was primarily driven by climate change in the west, especially rising temperatures. Over the long-term trend, it was caused by ecological protection projects in the east, but by rising temperatures in the west. The integration of the abrupt change analysis and multiple timescale analysis help assess the relationship of vegetation changes with climate changes and human activities accurately and comprehensively, and deepen our understanding of the driving mechanism of vegetation changes, which will further provide scientific references for the protection of fragile ecosystems in the karst region.

Evaluating the relationship between diploid and tetraploid Vaccinium oxycoccos (Ericaceae) in eastern Canada

Botany ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 623-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler W. Smith ◽  
Charlotte Walinga ◽  
Song Wang ◽  
Paul Kron ◽  
Jan Suda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
North America ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rule Out

Vaccinium oxycoccos s.l. is a complex of diploid and polyploid plants. The taxonomic relationship between the cytotypes is uncertain, with conflicting treatments in recent revisions. To clarify this situation, we investigated the relationships among ploidy, morphology, and genetic diversity in this group. We collected samples from a 1000 km transect in eastern Canada. We used flow cytometry to determine DNA ploidy, completed a morphometric analysis of flowering stems, and assessed genetic diversity using AFLPs. Diploids only occurred growing in mixed populations with tetraploids. There were statistically significant morphological differences between ploidies; however, tetraploid variation encompasses the diploid range for most characters. AFLP data demonstrate that the tetraploids have undergone genetic divergence since their formation, obscuring whether they are auto- or allo-polyploids. Our results agree with previous work using isozymes, which revealed genetic divergence of diploids and tetraploids in North America; and morphometry, which demonstrated clear distinctions between diploids and tetraploids in Europe. We found that diploids and tetraploids co-occur much more frequently than previously recognized, which may explain the conflicting treatment of this group by North American taxonomists. We recommend recognizing diploids and tetraploids as distinct species. The distribution of the two species in North America suggests two hypotheses regarding the successful establishment of the tetraploid: the tetraploids’ success is due to their capacity to exploit novel habitats outside the range of the diploid; or the tetraploid has in fact already out-competed the diploid in large areas of its former range, limiting the diploid to the far north. While we cannot rule out ongoing gene flow between diploids and tetraploids, it is likely a rare phenomenon in this group.

scholarly journals Using SSR to Evaluate the Genetic Diversity of Potato Cultivars from Yunnan Province (SW China)

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Liao ◽  
Huachun Guo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Good Resolution ◽  
Ssr Analysis ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

Abstract The genetic diversity of potato cultivars collected from Yunnan Province was evaluated using 24 pairs of SSR markers. SSR analysis of 24 pairs of primers showed varying degrees of polymorphism among the 85 cultivars: 297 of the 304 bands were polymorphic. The primers yielded between 5 (STM2028) and 19 (StI029) bands (mean 12). The ratio of polymorphic bands ranged from 83.33% to 100% (mean 97.75%). Polymorphism information content (PIC) varied from 69.31% to 93.67% (mean 86.47%). Genetic similarity ranged from 0.5987 to 0.7632, indicating relatively low genetic diversity in the potato cultivars from Yunnan Province. Cluster analysis by UPGMA and PCA clearly delineated the genetic relationships of all cultivars; 83 of the 85 cultivars could be discriminated by only two pairs of primers, STM0030 and STM1104. The high polymorphism and good resolution of the primers used in this study make them good tools for discriminating potato cultivars.

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