scholarly journals Species composition in low mountain beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands in the Bieszczady National Park under the global warming

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 244-250
Author(s):  
D. Sugiero ◽  
R. Jaszczak ◽  
G. Rączka ◽  
P. Strzeliński ◽  
A. Węgiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
National Park ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
Adaptation Level ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Mature Stand

The author analyzes the changes in the tree species composition of <I>Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum</I> Klika 1927 em. Mat. 1964 in the mountain stands of Bieszczady National Park in 1993–2003. The analysis takes into account the changes over a ten-year period in the number and volume structure of each tree species in each stand layer: young natural regeneration, undergrowth, and mature stand. Additionally, after comparing the results with the natural Carpathian forests’ structure, the adaptation level of the present tree species composition to the current climate and soil conditions, as well as probable directions of future changes have been assessed. A ten-year period is too short to find significant changes in stand species structure but it is possible to see some trends: beech share in stands is increasing and fir is decreasing.

scholarly journals Development of forest soils in the Krkonoše Mts. in the period 1980–2009

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 485-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Matějka ◽  
S. Vacek ◽  
V. Podrázský
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Spruce Stands

This paper documents the development of soil conditions in the set of 32 permanent research plots in the Krkono&scaron;e (Giant) Mts. These plots represent an altitudinal gradient covering the ecosystems of beech, mixed beech-spruce and spruce stands. In all plots, representing the site conditions of the highest areas of the mountain range, standard soil pits were prepared and the soil sampling was performed in autumn of years 1980, 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2009. The results reflect extreme site conditions, soil acidification, large scale surface liming and in minor extent also different tree species composition of the stands. The general type of the soil-genesis is represented by the podzolisation, overlapping the other soil-genetic factors, including the tree species composition. Nevertheless, this development is mostly expressed in the spruce stands. The beech dominance and/or co-dominance are reflected especially by more efficient N-cycling, higher pH, S and V values and fluctuation and lower extractable Al3+ content. More efficient cycling in beech ecosystems is insignificantly documented for plant available phosphorus, calcium and magnesium contents; on the contrary higher dynamics for iron ions was registered in the spruce stands. The long-term soil dynamics with a hysteresis (evident on the base of ordination analysis) can be divided into some periods &ndash; processes of acidification (typical in the 1980's samples), liming (main effect in 1993 and 1998) and regeneration (2003, 2009). Other features, important for the soil development, are probably related to the vegetation change, but this relation is not statistically significant.

scholarly journals Tree Species Composition and Natural Regeneration Status of Southeast Region of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Abir Dey ◽  
Aklima Akther
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Large Trees

The study aimed to quantify and discuss the current condition of the tree species composition and natural regeneration of southeast parts of Bangladesh (Cox’s Bazar North Forest Division). A total of 121 stems having dbh ≥10cm and 3481 stems of regenerating tree species (dbh <10cm) per hectare were recorded. A large trees comprised of 17 species belonging to 10 families and 14 genera and 30 regenerating tree species belonging to 19 families and 27 genera have been found. The forests were highly non-uniform, with three or four species represented most of the stands. The values of diversity indices indicated limited plant diversity, which is dominated by two or three tree species. Stems of 10-30 cm dbh contributed almost 90% of the total stem density, whereas more than 80% of the total basal area still belonged to trees with dbh 100 cm or above. Dipterocarpus turbinatus was the most dominant species which have the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) with 135.82 and embodied 37.71% of the total stand density and 72.19% of total basal area. The study will provide scientific basis for the future implementation of forest conservation strategies in tropical forests of Southeast Asia, particularly in Bangladesh. This study may also pave the way to further research on regeneration potentials of the native species for conservation and enhancement of forests in future.

scholarly journals Ecological valence of expanding European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) in the Bohemian Karst (Czech Republic)

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 293-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Střeštík ◽  
P. Šamonil
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Fraxinus Excelsior ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Bohemian Karst

In 2002 a study focused on the evaluation of height and density of expanding natural regeneration of Fraxinus excelsior L. (FE) was carried out on Velk&aacute; hora Hill, a locality in the Bohemian Karst (Česk&yacute; kras). The examined area is located in Karl&scaron;tejn National Nature Reserve and takes up around 31 ha. The parent rock is limestone. The expansion depends on soil and exposition conditions and relates to the water balance gradient. FE reached the highest densities (up to 6,000 individuals/400 m<sup>2</sup>) on Velk&aacute; hora&rsquo;s peak plateau on medium-deep, heavy-textured decarbonized <br />soils. The lowest expansion (508 individuals/400 m<sup>2</sup>) was found on slopes fully exposed to south (S) with water retention capacity lower than 20 mm. In total, the average density was 1,190 individuals/400 m<sup>2</sup>. FE natural regeneration reached the highest average heights (around 210 cm) on Fageto-Quercetum illimerosum mesotrophicum, the smallest heights on Carpineto-Aceretum saxatile. Average height in the locality was 47 cm. No relation was found between FE natural regeneration height or density and the distance of a fertile specimen. The distance exceeded 70 m only in 3.4%. FE seeds could be detected almost everywhere at the area. FE is capable to establish itself on any location of the studied locality except ecologically extreme parts of rock steppe without forest and Fagus sylvatica L. stands occupying S slopes. On less favourable sites it is capable to use the protection of other tree species and as a low growing tree it can eventually dominate the site. In more favourable conditions it expands on the whole area, where it can dominate the undergrowth already at 1-m height. If the forest sites are left to natural development, a distinctive change in the tree species composition could take place in a short time period. Such a change could have an essential impact on light conditions, energy flux and species composition of plant and animal communities.

Impact of global warming on the tree species composition of boreal forests in Finland and effects on emissions of isoprenoids

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seppo Kellomäki ◽  
Ismo Rouvinen ◽  
Heli Peltola ◽  
Harri Strandman ◽  
Rainer Steinbrecher
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Tree Species Composition

scholarly journals Diversity and Structure of an Arid Woodland in Southwest Angola, with Comparison to the Wider Miombo Ecoregion

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Godlee ◽  
Francisco Maiato Gonçalves ◽  
José João Tchamba ◽  
Antonio Valter Chisingui ◽  
Jonathan Ilunga Muledi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Miombo Ecoregion

Seasonally dry woodlands are the dominant land cover across southern Africa. They are biodiverse, structurally complex, and important for ecosystem service provision. Species composition and structure vary across the region producing a diverse array of woodland types. The woodlands of the Huíla plateau in southwest Angola represent the extreme southwestern extent of the miombo ecoregion and are markedly drier than other woodlands within this ecoregion. They remain understudied, however, compared to woodlands further east in the miombo ecoregion. We aimed to elucidate further the tree diversity found within southwestern Angolan woodlands by conducting a plot-based study in Bicuar National Park, comparing tree species composition and woodland structure with similar plots in Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. We found Bicuar National Park had comparatively low tree species diversity, but contained 27 tree species not found in other plots. Plots in Bicuar had low basal area, excepting plots dominated by Baikiaea plurijuga. In a comparison of plots in intact vegetation with areas previously disturbed by shifting-cultivation agriculture, we found species diversity was marginally higher in disturbed plots. Bicuar National Park remains an important woodland refuge in Angola, with an uncommon mosaic of woodland types within a small area. While we highlight wide variation in species composition and woodland structure across the miombo ecoregion, plot-based studies with more dense sampling across the ecoregion are clearly needed to more broadly understand regional variation in vegetation diversity, composition and structure.

scholarly journals Gap Structure and Regeneration in the Mixed Old-Growth Forests of National Nature Reserve Sitno, Slovakia

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Jaloviar ◽  
Denisa Sedmáková ◽  
Ján Pittner ◽  
Lucia Jarčušková Danková ◽  
Stanislav Kucbel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
National Nature Reserve

Forest management mimicking natural processes represents an approach to maintain mixed, uneven-aged stands at small spatial scales. The reliance on natural processes, especially on natural regeneration leads to the use of gap-based regeneration as a fundamental silvicultural technique. As a baseline for such management, we investigated mixed forest in unmanaged National Nature Reserve Sitno in the Western Carpathians, which harbours extraordinary diversity on a rather small scale. To quantify the impact of gaps on gap-filling processes and to assess the role they play in recently observed changes in tree species composition we established a large (2.5 ha) permanent research plot and surveyed the status of natural regeneration, forest structure, tree species composition, and disturbance regime. Our research highlights the long-term and contemporary difficulties in the establishment of Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl and Fagus sylvatica (L.). Based on the provided evidence, the native tree species diversity in one of the few preserved old-growth multi-species beech-oak forest remnants is not likely to persist, what could have many implications for future ecosystem functioning. Our results suggest that variation in gap size is an important factor contributing to composition of tree species composition of natural regeneration. The recent intermediate-scale disturbance pattern dominating the old-growth beech-oak forest is beneficial to canopy recruitment of species less shade-tolerant than Fagus sylvatica, as Acer pseudoplatanus (L.), Acer platanoides (L.), and Fraxinus excelsior (L.). We discuss possible factors behind observed shifts in tree species composition and limitations for application of gap dynamics to forest practice in managed beech-oak forest systems. Overall, results of this study may help to design silvicultural measures promoting mixed-species forests to deliver a range of desired ecosystem services.

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