scholarly journals   Effects of exogenous proline and trehalose on physiological responses in rice seedlings during salt-stress and after recovery

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Nounjan ◽  
P. Theerakulpisut
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Growth Recovery ◽  
Growth Increase ◽  
High Level

Two osmoprotectants (proline &ndash; Pro; trehalose &ndash; Tre) were exogenously supplied to seedlings of rice cvs. Pokkali (PK &ndash; salt-tolerant) and Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105 &ndash; salt-sensitive) to investigate their effects on plants exposed to 200 mmol/L NaCl for 6 days and 5 days after recovery from stress. The reduction of growth, increase in Na<sup>+</sup> to K<sup>+</sup> ratio, high level of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) content, enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase &ndash; SOD, peroxidase &ndash; POX, catalase &ndash; CAT and ascorbate peroxidase &ndash; APX) were observed in both rice cultivars under NaCl treatments. Exogenous Pro and Tre supplement to NaCl-stressed plants did not mitigate the reduction of growth during salt-stress. Nevertheless, during recovery plants previously supplied with Tre showed markedly higher percentage of growth recovery than those treated with NaCl alone or supplied with Pro. The beneficial effect of Tre on growth recovery was clearly demonstrated in KDML105 in which growth enhancement was related to reduction in Na<sup>+</sup> to K<sup>+</sup> ratio. Exogenous Pro was able to reduce H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in both cultivars during salt stress whereas Tre could reduce it only in KDML105. Exogenous Tre did not enhance any antioxidant enzymes during stress but enhanced APX activity in KDML105 during recovery. Exogenous Pro enhanced the activity of APX in PK, and POX, CAT and APX in KDML105 during both stress and recovery period. &nbsp; &nbsp;

scholarly journals Salinity in rose production

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Reis ◽  
Júnia Rafael Mendonça Figueiredo ◽  
Renato Paiva ◽  
Diogo Pedrosa Da Silva ◽  
Camila Vitoria Nunes De Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
The World ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
The Rose

The rose is one of the most important ornamental plants in the world. However, the cultivation systems used for roses often impose salt stress. Saline conditions occur naturally in some regions or by human activity in others with use of low quality water or excessive fertilizer application. In general, roses are considered sensitive to salinity. However, tolerance levels can be different among roses species and cultivars. Therefore, studies are needed that take into account characteristics of each species and how the exposure to salinity occurs. Management of water and nutrients can be important tools for mitigating the effects of high salt concentrations. Also, advances in biotechnology can be used for a better understanding of the physiological responses to salinity and to develop more salt tolerant rose cultivars. Thus, this paper aims to review the progress made and future prospects of salinity tolerance in commercial rose production.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity of enzymatic system of two different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars growing under salt stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.M. Bhutta
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Membrane Stability Index ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Relative Water

Soil salinity and semi-arid and arid climate of Pakistan is a major constraint in agriculture and predominantly in foodstuff production. It limits crop yield and use of land previously uncultivated. Wheat is moderately salt tolerant. A great variation was observed between and within the cultivars (genotypes: S-24 salt tolerant and DN-27 salt sensitive) in relationship to the choice of salinity level (control and treatments: in increment of 25 mol/m<sup>3</sup> NaCl/day to a final level of 80 and 160 mol/m<sup>3 </sup>NaCl into the nutrient solution) that will be used for screening purpose. Relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index and the activities of some antioxidant enzymes were determined after 20 and 40 days of salt stress exposure. As a result of activity enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase increased in S-24 with the increase of salt stress, while in DN-27 all the enzymes showed constant activity at all the stress levels. Meanwhile, relative water content and membrane stability index decrease the value as well as they increases the stress levels. It can be concluded that all three antioxidant enzymes were limiting factors for these genotypes and these reasons also led to the salt sensitivity in DN-27. Different selection methods should be applied to improve different traits in different conditions in wheat.

scholarly journals Physiological Responses ofKosteletzkya virginicato Coastal Wetland Soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Tang ◽  
Honglei Wang ◽  
Hongbo Shao
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Coastal Wetland ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wetland Soil ◽  
Osmotic Regulation ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Kosteletzkya Virginica ◽  
Relative Membrane Permeability

Effects of salinity on growth and physiological indices ofKosteletzkya virginicaseedlings were studied. Plant height, fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) increased at 100 mM NaCl and slightly declined at 200 mM, but higher salinity induced a significant reduction. Chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (E) were not affected under moderate salinities, while markedly decreased at severe salinities except for the increasedCiat 400 mM NaCl. Furthermore, no significant differences ofFv/Fmand ΦPSII were found at lower than 200 mM NaCl, whereas higher salinity caused the declines ofFv/Fm, ΦPSII, and qP similar toPn, accompanied with higher NPQ. Besides, salt stress reduced the leaf RWC, but caused the accumulation of proline to alleviate osmotic pressure. The increased activities of antioxidant enzymes maintained the normal levels of MDA and relative membrane permeability. To sum up,Kosteletzkya virginicaseedlings have good salt tolerance and this may be partly attributed to its osmotic regulation and antioxidant capacity which help to maintain water balance and normal ROS level to ensure the efficient photosynthesis. These results provided important implications forKosteletzkya virginicaacting as a promising multiuse species for reclaiming coastal soil.

scholarly journals Responses of Cherry Plant Grafted onto CAB-6P, MaxMa 14 and Mazzard Rootstocks to Short Term Salinity

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Servet Aras ◽  
Ahmet Eşitken
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Current Experiment ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Permeability Measurement ◽  
Short Term

Salt stress is a common environmental challenge that adversely affects plant growth. However, little is known about the responses of plants to short term salinity. In the current experiment, we investigated morphological and physiological responses of a cherry cultivar (0900 Ziraat) grafted onto three rootstocks (CAB-6P, MaxMa 14 and Mazzard) to 35 mM NaCl stress. After one month, salt stress decreased plant growth of cherry plants. Rootstock, scion and shoot diameters and shoot length significantly decreased with salinity. The higher decrease in membrane permeability under salt stress was found in 0900/MaxMa 14 by 41%. 0900/Mazzard had the highest decline in LRWC by 15%. The results obtained demonstrate that a higher tolerance to short term salt stress was found in 0900 Ziraat grafted onto Mazzard is associated with: lower depression in plant growth, less decrease in chlorophyll content and more stability in cell membranes determined in membrane permeability measurement. Furthermore, the results showed that in the short term, cherry can be considered salt tolerant.

Divergences in morphological changes and antioxidant responses in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive rice seedlings after salt stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 325-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Hee Lee ◽  
Eun Ju Cho ◽  
Seung Gon Wi ◽  
Hyoungwoo Bae ◽  
Ji Eun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Antioxidant Responses

scholarly journals Differential Physiological Responses to Salt Stress between Salt-Sensitive and Salt-Tolerant japonica Rice Cultivars at the Post-Germination and Seedling Stages

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2433
Author(s):  
Shenghai Ye ◽  
Zhibo Huang ◽  
Guibin Zhao ◽  
Rongrong Zhai ◽  
Jing Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Net Uptake ◽  
Germination Stage

Soil salinity is a key source of abiotic stress in the cultivation of rice. In this study, two currently cultivated japonica rice species—Zhegeng 78 (salt-tolerant) and Zhegeng 99 (salt-sensitive)—with similar backgrounds were identified and used to investigate their differential responses to salt stress at the post-germination and seedling stages. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the expression of OsSOS1, OsHAK1, and OsHAK5 at the post-germination stage, and the expression of OsHKT1,1, OsHTK2,1, and OsHAK1 at the seedling stage, were significantly higher in the salt-tolerant Zhegeng 78 compared with those of the salt-sensitive Zhegeng 99 under salt stress. The significantly lower Na+ net uptake rate at the post-germination and higher K+ net uptake rates at the post-germination and seedling stages were observed in the salt-tolerant Zhegeng 78 compared with those of the salt-sensitive Zhegeng 99 under salt stress. Significantly higher activity of peroxidase (POD) and the lower hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation were observed in the salt-tolerant Zhegeng 78 compared with those of salt-sensitive Zhegeng 99 under salt stress at the seeding stage. The salt-tolerant Zhegeng 78 might be valuable in future cultivation in salinity soils.

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