scholarly journals The first report of Plasmopara halstedii race 337 in the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Iwebor ◽  
Tatiana Antonova ◽  
Nina Araslanova ◽  
Svetlana Saukova ◽  
Yulia Pitinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Plasmopara Halstedii ◽  
First Report ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Hybrid Bearing ◽  
New Race ◽  
First Time

Sunflower downy mildew caused by Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni is a destructive and widespread disease. More than 50 races of P. halstedii have been recorded worldwide. In 2020, in the Russian Federation (Zernogradsky district, Rostov region), a globally new race 337 was identified for the first time. The pathogen was identified on the plants of a foreign sunflower hybrid bearing the resistance gene Pl<sub>6</sub>. According to the five-digit racial nomenclature, its virulence profile was determined as 337 53. It is the first P. halstedii race recorded in the Russian Federation that simultaneously infects all differential lines of the 3<sup>rd</sup> triplet, i.e., HA-R4, HA-R5 and HA-335. The sunflower lines RHA-274, 803-1, PSC8, RHA-419 and RHA-340 were resistant to it. All the collected isolates of the new race were susceptible to the fungicide mefenoxam.    

Changes in the Racial Structure of Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni Population in the South of the Russian Federation

Helia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (64) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Iwebor ◽  
Tatiana Sergeevna Antonova ◽  
Svetlana Saukova
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Plasmopara Halstedii ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe population of oomycete Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni (sunflower downy mildew pathogen) has been monitored in Krasnodar and Rostov regions and the Republic of Adygea for more than 15 years. Prior to the beginning of the 2000s there were races 100, 300, 310 and 330 in the regions. In the period from 2004 to 2007 races 100, 300, 310 and 700 were recorded sporadically. The race 330 was the most common; in a number of agrocoenoses it was 100 % of samples. In some fields races 710 and 730 prevailed. In 2008–2011 only races 330, 710 and 730 were found; the race 330 have been still prevailed and was also found on Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Since 2012, in the majority of fields races 710 and 730 prevailed, and the race 330 wasn’t allocated in many of them; for the first time in Russia pathotype 334, that able to overcome Pl6, was found in Krasnodar region. In the period of 2013–2015 increased distribution of the race 334 in the Krasnodar region and the Republic of Adygea was observed. At the same time, in 2014 in one field in the Rostov region only races 310 and 330 (prevailed) were identified. The virulence of the pathogen population is closely connected with the cultivated assortment of sunflower. Further spread and accumulation of P. halstedii race 334 and the emergence of new pathogen pathotypes in the said regions are predicted.

Occurrence and Distribution of Races 713, 733 and 734 of Sunflower Downy Mildew Pathogen in the Russian Federation

Helia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (69) ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Iwebor ◽  
Tatiana Antonova ◽  
Svetlana Saukova
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
First Record ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Plasmopara Halstedii ◽  
First Report ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe samples of Plasmopara halstedii (the causal agent of sunflower downy mildew) were collected on sunflower fields in south of the Russian Federation: in the Krasnodar, Rostov and Stavropol regions, and in the Republic of Adygea in 2016 and 2017. Virulence code of 545 isolates was identified; i. e. 280 isolates originating from 24 fields in 2016, and 265 isolates from 17 fields in 2017. Races 330, 334, 710 and 730, widespread within the region in previous years, were found in all mentioned areas. In addition, races 713, 733 and 734 have been detected in several districts of the Krasnodar region since 2016. This is the first report of these races in Russia and above that the first record throughout Europe and Asia for the races 733 and 734. The identification of new P. halstedii races was confirmed by the method of cross inoculations from individual differential lines. The phenotype corresponding to virulence code 734 was in some cases disclosed as a mixture of race 334 with 710 or 730. The presence of several P. halstedii races on an individual plant was also confirmed for the first time in the territory of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals About the Results of Monitoring Researches of Ballast Waters and Data of Identification of the Vibrioes Strains Selected During the Ships Researches in Russian Seaports in 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Vodyanitskаyа ◽  
O. V. Sergienko ◽  
N. G. Ivanova ◽  
V. V. Balachnova ◽  
I. V. Arkhangelskаya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
International Convention ◽  
International Standard ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ballast Waters ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
First Time

Relevance. In September, 2017 the International Convention on Control of Ships’ Ballast Waters and sediments, in which the Russian Federation takes part, came into effect.Aim of article is to cover the results of implementation of the Convention in Russia, regarding selection and analysis of ballast waters tests for compliance with the international standard.Material and methods. The materials for work were data on ship arrivals at the international seaports of the Russian Federation, provided by sanitary and quarantine departments of the Russian ports, and monitoring researches of ballast waters in seaports of some regions of the Russian Federation. Analytical, bacteriological, molecular methods were applied.Results. The studies of ballast waters in the Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions have been conducted for the first time in 2018, and in the Rostov region the study lasts since 2010. The laboratory researches of ships’ ballast showed that E. coli, Enterococcus spp. were in norm, V. cholerae O1 and O139 in ballast were absent. 12 of 21 ballast water tests investigated by specialists of the Rostov region laboratories contained V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139, ballast was taken on the ships which arrived from Romania and Turkey.Сonclusion. The results of the molecular and genetic researches suggest that there is a probability of V. сholeraе introduction brougth with ship ballast. Management decisions are demanded to ensure biological safety of shipping and to decrease intestinal infections incidence in residents of the seaside cities.

scholarly journals First Report on the Occurrence of a New Pathotype, 714, of Plasmopara halstedii (Sunflower Downy Mildew) in Hungary

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 1580-1580 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bán ◽  
A. Kovács ◽  
K. Körösi ◽  
M. Perczel ◽  
Gy. Turóczi
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Plasmopara Halstedii ◽  
First Report ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis

Downy mildew of sunflower, caused by Plasmopara halstedii (Farlow) Berlese et de Toni, is an economically important disease in Hungary and much of Europe. The known pathotypes (races) of the pathogen influence the resistance genes (Pl genes) incorporated into new sunflower hybrids to manage the disease. There are at least 36 pathotypes of P. halstedii worldwide (3), but the number of races is increasing rapidly. In 2010, race 704 was identified in Hungary for the first time (2). Race 704 has been reported to confer virulence on Pl6, a broad spectrum resistance gene that is widely used in sunflower hybrids. This has coincided with a significant increase in disease severity since 2010 in the country. Our objectives are to continuously monitor this pathogen and identify pathotypes of P. halstedii. Because of the unfavorable weather conditions for downy mildew in 2013, samples were collected at a single site (Kunszentmárton, South Hungary) in the beginning of July from NK Neoma sunflower hybrids. Disease incidence (early and late primary infection) was as high as 40%. Systemically mildewed plants showed severe stunting and leaf chlorosis, signs and symptoms consistent with downy mildew. P. halstedii was identified microscopically. Examination of isolates was carried out using a set of sunflower differential lines based on the internationally standardized method for race identification of P. halstedii (1). Inoculum of the isolates was increased on a susceptible cultivar (cv. Iregi szürke csíkos) and tested by inoculating 3-day-old seedlings of sunflower differential lines. Inoculated seedlings were planted in trays in glasshouse. After 8 to 9 days, seedlings were sprayed with distilled water, covered with black plastic bags, and left overnight to induce sporulation. Disease incidence was determined by examining cotyledons at 9 days after inoculation for sporulation and true leaves on 12 to 13 days after inoculation for secondary symptoms, such as leaf chlorosis and stunting (1). While several differential lines showed no typical susceptible/resistant reactions, i.e., the infection was much lower than 100%, it was concluded that the isolates were mixtures of different P. halstedii pathotypes. To obtain single isolates, we collected zoosporangia from the differential lines in question separately, and then inoculated the seedlings of the same genotype and a uniformly susceptible line. A single isolate caused as high as 100% infection on HA-335, containing resistance gene Pl6. Subsequent evaluation of this isolate with the entire differential set resulted in an aggregate virulence phenotype of 714. As resistance gene Pl6 is incorporated to the majority of sunflower hybrids grown in Hungary, pathotypes virulent on this gene, such as 704 and 714, are likely to spread. This underscores the need to prove the resistance to these races in the newly registered hybrids and for further research to identify P. halstedii pathotypes. It is also important to establish the identity of this new pathotype by already discovered 714 pathotypes in other countries like France and Italy and to discover the real conditions of local evolving of new pathogens. To our knowledge, this is the first report of pathotype 714 of P. halstedii in both Hungary and Central Europe. References: (1) T. J. Gulya et al. Helia 14:11, 1991. (2) K. Rudolf et al. Növényvédelem 47:279, 2011. (3) F. Virányi and O. Spring. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 129:207, 2011.

New races of rust pathogen on sunflower in Russia

Helia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Araslanova ◽  
Tatiana Antonova ◽  
Ekaterina Lepeshko ◽  
Tatiana Usatenko ◽  
Svetlana Saukova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Puccinia Helianthi ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
New Races ◽  
First Time ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Abstract Over the past two decades, there was observed a widespread of rust on sunflower in some regions of Russia. The identification of the racial structure of Puccinia helianthi populations in Russia has not been done since the early 80s of the last century. At that time, races 100 and 300 were identified. In our recent study, in addition to these races, new biotypes: 700, 710, 722, 772 were identified for the first time. The purpose of this study is to determine the racial identity of 160 P. helianthi isolates collected from 2018 to 2020 in the Rostov, Saratov, and Krasnodar regions. We used eight standard differentiating lines of sunflower: SM-90, SM 29, R-386, HАR-1, HАR-2, HAR-3, HAR-4, HAR-5. Sunflower variety VNIIMK 8883 was used as a differentiator susceptible to all races of the pathogen. In addition to the six races mentioned above, we identified 11 more new races for the first time: 304, 351, 352, 364, 704, 736, 740, 741, 745, 760, 762. Race 700 prevailed among the isolates collected in the Rostov region in 2020; we also identified single specimens of races 760, 762. Thus, 17 races of P. helianthi were found on sunflower in three regions of the Russian Federation. Other races may be also present here, so further research is required.

scholarly journals About the Results of Monitoring Researches of Ballast Waters and Data of Identification of the Vibrioes Strains Selected During the Ships Researches in Russian Seaports in 2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Vodyanitskаyа ◽  
O. V. Sergienko ◽  
N. G. Ivanova ◽  
V. V. Balachnova ◽  
I. V. Arkhangelskаya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
International Convention ◽  
International Standard ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ballast Waters ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
First Time

Relevance. In September, 2017 the International Convention on Control of Ships’ Ballast Waters and sediments, in which the Russian Federation takes part, came into effect.Aim of article is to cover the results of implementation of the Convention in Russia, regarding selection and analysis of ballast waters tests for compliance with the international standard.Material and methods. The materials for work were data on ship arrivals at the international seaports of the Russian Federation, provided by sanitary and quarantine departments of the Russian ports, and monitoring researches of ballast waters in seaports of some regions of the Russian Federation. Analytical, bacteriological, molecular methods were applied.Results. The studies of ballast waters in the Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions have been conducted for the first time in 2018, and in the Rostov region the study lasts since 2010. The laboratory researches of ships’ ballast showed that E. coli, Enterococcus spp. were in norm, V. cholerae O1 and O139 in ballast were absent. 12 of 21 ballast water tests investigated by specialists of the Rostov region laboratories contained V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139, ballast was taken on the ships which arrived from Romania and Turkey.Сonclusion. The results of the molecular and genetic researches suggest that there is a probability of V. сholeraе introduction brougth with ship ballast. Management decisions are demanded to ensure biological safety of shipping and to decrease intestinal infections incidence in residents of the seaside cities.

scholarly journals Contributions to the fauna of invasive insects of Ciscaucasia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-122
Author(s):  
V.V. Martynov ◽  
◽  
T.V. Nikulina ◽  
I.V. Shokhin ◽  
E.N. Terskov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Invasive Insects ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Ossetia

The paper presents results of field surveys conducted in 2015–2019 in the territory of 9 constituent entities of the Russian Federation: Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories, Rostov Region, Kabardino- Balkarian Republic, Republic of North Ossetia – Alania, Republic of Ingushetia, Chechen Republic, Republic of Dagestan, Republic of Kalmykia within the Ciscaucasian region. 36 species of invasive insects from 6 orders (Mantodea, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera) were registered, of these 1 species ones was first recorded for the fauna of the Ciscaucasia, 15 ones were registered for the first time for North Ossetia, there was 12 such species in the Stavropol Territory, 9 ones in the Chechen Republic, 8 species were first listed for Ingushetia, 5 species first noted for each the Krasnodar Territory and Dagestan respectively, 4 ones – for Rostov Region and Kalmykia respectively, 3 ones – for Kabardino-Balkaria. An annotated list of identified species is given.

Reclamation park as a tool to improve the efficiency of managing the agricultural sector (on the example of the Rostov region)

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
I.P. Abramenko ◽  
L.A. Novoselskaya ◽  
R.V. Revunov ◽  
Yanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Stimulation Of

The article considers the reclamation park, which is an instrument of state stimulation of the development of economic entities of the agro-industrial complex on irrigated lands. On the example of the Rostov region, the authors analyzed the organizational, economic and regulatory mechanisms for the functioning of reclamation parks, as well as the socio-economic effects that arise in connection with the implementation of the specified tools. The results obtained can be used by state authorities of the Russian Federation, a constituent entity of the Russian Federation when drawing up plans for socio-economic development, developing strategies and programs, as well as by economic entities in managing agricultural activities.

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