New races of rust pathogen on sunflower in Russia

Helia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Araslanova ◽  
Tatiana Antonova ◽  
Ekaterina Lepeshko ◽  
Tatiana Usatenko ◽  
Svetlana Saukova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Racial Identity ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Puccinia Helianthi ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
New Races ◽  
First Time ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Abstract Over the past two decades, there was observed a widespread of rust on sunflower in some regions of Russia. The identification of the racial structure of Puccinia helianthi populations in Russia has not been done since the early 80s of the last century. At that time, races 100 and 300 were identified. In our recent study, in addition to these races, new biotypes: 700, 710, 722, 772 were identified for the first time. The purpose of this study is to determine the racial identity of 160 P. helianthi isolates collected from 2018 to 2020 in the Rostov, Saratov, and Krasnodar regions. We used eight standard differentiating lines of sunflower: SM-90, SM 29, R-386, HАR-1, HАR-2, HAR-3, HAR-4, HAR-5. Sunflower variety VNIIMK 8883 was used as a differentiator susceptible to all races of the pathogen. In addition to the six races mentioned above, we identified 11 more new races for the first time: 304, 351, 352, 364, 704, 736, 740, 741, 745, 760, 762. Race 700 prevailed among the isolates collected in the Rostov region in 2020; we also identified single specimens of races 760, 762. Thus, 17 races of P. helianthi were found on sunflower in three regions of the Russian Federation. Other races may be also present here, so further research is required.

NEW RACES OF PUCCINIA HELIANTHI SCHWEIN – IS THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF SUNFLOWER RUST IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

1970 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
T. S. Antonova ◽  
N. M. Araslanova ◽  
М. V. Ivebor ◽  
S. L. Saukova ◽  
Yu. V. Pitinova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Breeding For Resistance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Puccinia Helianthi ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
New Races ◽  
First Time

Over the past two decades, over different years, depending on weather conditions, a strong distribution of rust on sunflower has been systematically observed in the Tambov, Lipetsk, Saratov, Volgograd regions, Krasnodar Territory and other places of the Russian Federation. This disease caused by the highly specialized fungus Puccinia helianthi Schwein was noticed in Russia in 1866. Since then, systematically recurring epiphytoties have been described by many domestic authors as well as by scientists from other countries where sunflower is cultivated and affected by this pathogen. Sunflower  breeding for resistance to rust was not carried out in the Russian Federation since 1983. The objectives of our research was to determine the race of some isolates of the sunflower rust pathogen collected in the Krasnodar Territory, Saratov and Lipetsk regions using an internationally accepted set of sunflower resistance differentiating lines. Eight standard lines were used: CM 90, CM 29, P-386, HA-R1, HA-R2. HA-R3, HA-R4, HA-R5. As a differentiator, susceptible to all races of the pathogen, we used the sunflower variety VNIIMK 8883. Six physiological races of P. helianthi were revealed. Four of them: 700, 710, 722, 772 were discovered in the Russia for the first time. In addition to these new pathotypes, the old races 100 and 300 have been identified. It is possible that there are other pathogen races that have not yet been found on the territory of the Russian Federation. Therefore, it is necessary to examine a larger number of fields in different regions and increase the number of isolate samples for identification.

scholarly journals About the Results of Monitoring Researches of Ballast Waters and Data of Identification of the Vibrioes Strains Selected During the Ships Researches in Russian Seaports in 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Vodyanitskаyа ◽  
O. V. Sergienko ◽  
N. G. Ivanova ◽  
V. V. Balachnova ◽  
I. V. Arkhangelskаya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
International Convention ◽  
International Standard ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ballast Waters ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
First Time

Relevance. In September, 2017 the International Convention on Control of Ships’ Ballast Waters and sediments, in which the Russian Federation takes part, came into effect.Aim of article is to cover the results of implementation of the Convention in Russia, regarding selection and analysis of ballast waters tests for compliance with the international standard.Material and methods. The materials for work were data on ship arrivals at the international seaports of the Russian Federation, provided by sanitary and quarantine departments of the Russian ports, and monitoring researches of ballast waters in seaports of some regions of the Russian Federation. Analytical, bacteriological, molecular methods were applied.Results. The studies of ballast waters in the Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions have been conducted for the first time in 2018, and in the Rostov region the study lasts since 2010. The laboratory researches of ships’ ballast showed that E. coli, Enterococcus spp. were in norm, V. cholerae O1 and O139 in ballast were absent. 12 of 21 ballast water tests investigated by specialists of the Rostov region laboratories contained V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139, ballast was taken on the ships which arrived from Romania and Turkey.Сonclusion. The results of the molecular and genetic researches suggest that there is a probability of V. сholeraе introduction brougth with ship ballast. Management decisions are demanded to ensure biological safety of shipping and to decrease intestinal infections incidence in residents of the seaside cities.

scholarly journals The first report of Plasmopara halstedii race 337 in the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Iwebor ◽  
Tatiana Antonova ◽  
Nina Araslanova ◽  
Svetlana Saukova ◽  
Yulia Pitinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Plasmopara Halstedii ◽  
First Report ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Hybrid Bearing ◽  
New Race ◽  
First Time

Sunflower downy mildew caused by Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni is a destructive and widespread disease. More than 50 races of P. halstedii have been recorded worldwide. In 2020, in the Russian Federation (Zernogradsky district, Rostov region), a globally new race 337 was identified for the first time. The pathogen was identified on the plants of a foreign sunflower hybrid bearing the resistance gene Pl<sub>6</sub>. According to the five-digit racial nomenclature, its virulence profile was determined as 337 53. It is the first P. halstedii race recorded in the Russian Federation that simultaneously infects all differential lines of the 3<sup>rd</sup> triplet, i.e., HA-R4, HA-R5 and HA-335. The sunflower lines RHA-274, 803-1, PSC8, RHA-419 and RHA-340 were resistant to it. All the collected isolates of the new race were susceptible to the fungicide mefenoxam.    

Changes in the Racial Structure of Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni Population in the South of the Russian Federation

Helia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (64) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Iwebor ◽  
Tatiana Sergeevna Antonova ◽  
Svetlana Saukova
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Plasmopara Halstedii ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe population of oomycete Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni (sunflower downy mildew pathogen) has been monitored in Krasnodar and Rostov regions and the Republic of Adygea for more than 15 years. Prior to the beginning of the 2000s there were races 100, 300, 310 and 330 in the regions. In the period from 2004 to 2007 races 100, 300, 310 and 700 were recorded sporadically. The race 330 was the most common; in a number of agrocoenoses it was 100 % of samples. In some fields races 710 and 730 prevailed. In 2008–2011 only races 330, 710 and 730 were found; the race 330 have been still prevailed and was also found on Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Since 2012, in the majority of fields races 710 and 730 prevailed, and the race 330 wasn’t allocated in many of them; for the first time in Russia pathotype 334, that able to overcome Pl6, was found in Krasnodar region. In the period of 2013–2015 increased distribution of the race 334 in the Krasnodar region and the Republic of Adygea was observed. At the same time, in 2014 in one field in the Rostov region only races 310 and 330 (prevailed) were identified. The virulence of the pathogen population is closely connected with the cultivated assortment of sunflower. Further spread and accumulation of P. halstedii race 334 and the emergence of new pathogen pathotypes in the said regions are predicted.

State of the Russian Oncology Service: esophageal cancer, median survival, observed and relative survival of patients considering disease stage and histological structure of tumors (population-based study at the federal district level). Part 2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vakhtang M. Merabishvili
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Population Based ◽  
First Year ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
One Year ◽  
First Time

Esophageal cancer (EC) is the most severe pathology of malignant tumors, with the mortality rate of patients exceeding 70% in the first year of observation. Over the past 19 years, there was a slight improvement in the effectiveness of anticancer measures for this localization of tumors. In February 2019 the Population-based Cancer Registry database (PCRD) of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation (NWFD RF) was developed with more than 1 million 350 thousand observations which provides insight into ​​the real state of the effectiveness of anti-cancer measures and directs the following development of the database. After a thorough data quality assurance, about 1 million observations were selected for analysis. From 2000 to 2018, 15760 primary EC cases were accumulated in the NWFD RF PCRD. Considering that the levels of standardized morbidity and mortality rates of the population of Russia and the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation are close in terms of the level of indicators, we believe that the data obtained for the first time in Russia on the survival of EC patients in the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation fully reflect the state of the effectiveness of combating EC in Russia. The purpose of the study is to carry out a set of analytical calculations of the survival rates of EC patients in the dynamics over the past 19 years according to the NWFD RF PCRD. All calculations were performed in accordance with the international requirements for such development and, first of all, according to Eurocare standards. The results of our study indicate that the EC median survival rate for both sexes has increased from 5 to 6 months. The mortality rate of patients in the first year of follow-up has decreased from 72.4 to 71.4% (both sexes), from 73.9 to 71.6% among men, from 69.3 to 65.1% among women. The five-year survival rate of EC patients in the NWFD RF had slight fluctuations, especially among the female population. Data grouped by five years for three five-year observation cycles has shown an increase in the five-year survival rate of EC patients from 7.3 to 8.1%, and the one-year survival rate has increased over four five-year cycles from 25.3 to 30.8%. For the first time in Russia, at the population level, the effect of treating EC patients has been shown according to the fourth sign of ICD-10. The greatest treatment success has been achieved for EC patients under the following rubrics: Cervical esophagus (C15.0) from 23.3 to 35.0% (one-year survival), Thoracic esophagus (C15.1) from 29.6 to 35.8% and especially significant improvements have been made for patients with the Upper third of esophagus (C15.3) from 18.2 to 34.0%. It is important to note that over the four observation periods, the proportion of EC patients under C15.9 rubric Esophagus, unspecified has decreased from 29.3 to 19.8%, which indicates a significant improvement in the quality of diagnosis.

scholarly journals Agaricoid and boletoid fungi of Russia: the modern country-scale checklist of scientific names based on literature data

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Bolshakov ◽  
Lyudmila Kalinina ◽  
Ekaterina Palomozhnykh ◽  
Kim Potapov ◽  
Dmitry Ageyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Review Section ◽  
Comprehensive List ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The authors of this paper summarize the majority of published data on the distribution of agaricoid and boletoid fungi recorded in Russia, covering the period from 1824 through 2020. A comprehensive list of 6867 scientific names based on 954 publications was compiled for the first time for the whole territory of Russia. All records have been checked through Index Fungorum. The work consists of a review section and five appendices. The review section discusses the intensity of field research and accumulation of data on the distribution of agaricoid and boletoid fungi in Russia, both historically and in its current state. The authors discuss the current state of knowledge on the biodiversity of regions of Russia and point out blank spots, thus providing a reference and an “action plan” for the future. Appendix A presents a list of 6142 taxa unambiguously ascribed to 3246 accepted current names. Appendix B contains 727 names that cannot be ascribed to any accepted current names unequivocally, with reasons given (e.g., no current name, wrong authors’ citations, absence from Index Fungorum). Names from both checklists are supplemented with data on the distribution of these taxa within the Russian Federation and references to published records. Appendix C contains a list of accepted current names reported from only one region. Appendix D is an overview of the nearly 200 years of research of agaricoid and boletoid fungi for all regions of Russia. Appendix E is a list of references used for checklists and study history preparation.

scholarly journals About the Results of Monitoring Researches of Ballast Waters and Data of Identification of the Vibrioes Strains Selected During the Ships Researches in Russian Seaports in 2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Vodyanitskаyа ◽  
O. V. Sergienko ◽  
N. G. Ivanova ◽  
V. V. Balachnova ◽  
I. V. Arkhangelskаya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
International Convention ◽  
International Standard ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ballast Waters ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
First Time

Relevance. In September, 2017 the International Convention on Control of Ships’ Ballast Waters and sediments, in which the Russian Federation takes part, came into effect.Aim of article is to cover the results of implementation of the Convention in Russia, regarding selection and analysis of ballast waters tests for compliance with the international standard.Material and methods. The materials for work were data on ship arrivals at the international seaports of the Russian Federation, provided by sanitary and quarantine departments of the Russian ports, and monitoring researches of ballast waters in seaports of some regions of the Russian Federation. Analytical, bacteriological, molecular methods were applied.Results. The studies of ballast waters in the Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions have been conducted for the first time in 2018, and in the Rostov region the study lasts since 2010. The laboratory researches of ships’ ballast showed that E. coli, Enterococcus spp. were in norm, V. cholerae O1 and O139 in ballast were absent. 12 of 21 ballast water tests investigated by specialists of the Rostov region laboratories contained V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139, ballast was taken on the ships which arrived from Romania and Turkey.Сonclusion. The results of the molecular and genetic researches suggest that there is a probability of V. сholeraе introduction brougth with ship ballast. Management decisions are demanded to ensure biological safety of shipping and to decrease intestinal infections incidence in residents of the seaside cities.

scholarly journals Contributions to the fauna of invasive insects of Ciscaucasia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-122
Author(s):  
V.V. Martynov ◽  
◽  
T.V. Nikulina ◽  
I.V. Shokhin ◽  
E.N. Terskov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Invasive Insects ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Ossetia

The paper presents results of field surveys conducted in 2015–2019 in the territory of 9 constituent entities of the Russian Federation: Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories, Rostov Region, Kabardino- Balkarian Republic, Republic of North Ossetia – Alania, Republic of Ingushetia, Chechen Republic, Republic of Dagestan, Republic of Kalmykia within the Ciscaucasian region. 36 species of invasive insects from 6 orders (Mantodea, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera) were registered, of these 1 species ones was first recorded for the fauna of the Ciscaucasia, 15 ones were registered for the first time for North Ossetia, there was 12 such species in the Stavropol Territory, 9 ones in the Chechen Republic, 8 species were first listed for Ingushetia, 5 species first noted for each the Krasnodar Territory and Dagestan respectively, 4 ones – for Rostov Region and Kalmykia respectively, 3 ones – for Kabardino-Balkaria. An annotated list of identified species is given.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document