Influenza and acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) remain a global health problem worldwide, and therefore the search for effective means of prevention and treatment of these diseases is extremely urgent. Objective. To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of a drug form of recombinant human IFN alpha-2b in combination with a complex of antioxidants (Viferon®-suppositories) in children with ARVI. Patients and methods. Clinical and laboratory studies were conducted in 100 children (toddlers up to 3 years old), hospitalized in St. Olga's children hospital No 4 with a diagnosis of influenza or ARVI. The etiology of diseases was established using serological methods and immunofluorescence analysis; the immune and interferon status was determined. VIFERON®-suppositories were used rectally daily in age-related dosages. The effectiveness of therapy was evaluated by comparative analysis of disease symptoms, as well as laboratory indicators – immune and interferon status. Results. The use of VIFERON® – suppositories contributed to reducing intoxication and catarrhal symptoms, speeding up the recovery time of patients. After the treatment, the children's ability to produce IFN-α and – γ, as well, as sIgA content in nasal secretions, increased, but there was no marked enhancement in serum IL-1β, IL-8 levels, whereas the children in the control group and in 30% of cases occurred to change them. The use of the medicine did not cause any complaints in patients and staff. Conclusion. Data from clinical and laboratory studies of children hospitalized for ARVI, whose therapy included the VIFERON® – suppositories, indicate a significant therapeutic effect of this medicine and restoration of the immune and interferon defense systems of patients. Keywords: children, acute respiratory viral infections, recombinant interferon α-2b, immune status, interferon status, antiviral therapy, cytokines IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α
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