scholarly journals Effect of Means of Problem-Oriented Physical Rehabilitation on Pain and Tactile Sensitivity and Pain Syndrome Intensity in Women with Post-Mastectomy Syndrome

2015 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Т. Є. Одинець ◽  
Ю. А. Бріскін
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Tactile Sensitivity ◽  
Literary Sources

The objective of the paper is to determine the effectiveness of problem-oriented physical rehabilitation of women with post-mastectomy syndrome in terms of normalization of their sensitivity and lessening of the pain syndrome.Materials and methods. The paper provides a review of the related literary sources and empirical data analyzed and summarized, offers definitions of pain by the Visual Analogue Scale, McGill Pain Questionnaire and the Verbal Rating Scale, evaluates tactile and pain sensitivity, and uses the methods of mathematical statistics. The participants in the study were 50 women with diagnosed with the post-mastectomy syndrome and at the stage of residential treatment.Results: The developed problem-oriented physical rehabilitation experimentally proved effective by showing improvements in tactile and pain sensitivity, and pain lessening by the sensory, affective and rating scales in women with post-mastectomy syndrome at the stage of residential treatment.

The effect of CYP2D6 and CYP2C9 gene polymorphisms on the efficacy and safety of the combination of tramadol and ketorolac used for postoperative pain management in patients after video laparoscopic cholecystectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andranik Alexandrovich Muradian ◽  
Dmitry Alekseevich Sychev ◽  
Dmitry Alekseevich Blagovestnov ◽  
Zhannet Alimovna Sozaeva ◽  
Kristina Anatolyevna Akmalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Postoperative Pain Relief ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Efficacy And Safety

Abstract Objectives One of the key components of ERAS is adequate pain control in the postoperative period. There are no rational schemes for postoperative pain relief. At the same time, adequate postoperative pain relief promotes early activation and early rehabilitation of patients and shortens the duration of the postoperative stay, and does not cause postoperative complications associated with analgesia (weakness, intestinal paresis, nausea and vomiting). The aims of the present study are to assess the possible association of CYP2D6 and CYP2C9 polymorphisms with the efficacy and safety of tramadol and ketorolac in postoperative pain. Methods A total of 107 patients were genotyped for CYP2D6 and CYP2C9 polymorphisms. All patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Postoperative pain relief was carried out with ketorolac and tramadol. Postoperative pain syndrome was assessed using a visual analogue scale and McGill pain questionnaire. The profile of side effects was assessed by the dynamics of red blood counts as a possible trigger for the development of gastrointestinal bleeding according to the method of global assessment of triggers. Results Pain was statistically significantly lower in CYP2C9*2 carriers, according to visual analogue scale (VAS): after 12 h – by 1.5 (p=0.002); after 24 h – by 1.1 (p=0.012); after 36 h – by 1.05 (p=0.004); after 48 h – by 0.7 (p=0.026). In CYP2C9*3 carriers the results were not statistically significant. In carriers of CYP2D6*4 pain syndromes were higher at all-time intervals, but statistically reliable results were obtained only after 2 h – by 1.01 (p=0.054) and after 24 h – by 0.8 (p=0.035). The profile of adverse reactions for NSAIDs was evaluated by the dynamics of hemoglobin and erythrocyte indices. A more pronounced decrease in the relative difference in hemoglobin levels was noted in CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 polymorphism carriers – by 1.7 (p=0.00268) and-by 2.2 (p=0.000143), respectively. Conclusions CYP2D6 and CYP2C9 can predict analgesic effectiveness of tramadol and ketorolac. CYP2C9 can predict the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, including those hidden to ketorolac.

scholarly journals Reliability and concurrent validity of visual analogue scale and modified verbal rating scale of pain assessment in adult patients with knee osteoathritis in Nigeria

2003 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O.B Olaogun ◽  
R. A. Adedoyin ◽  
R. O. Anifaloba
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Verbal Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Rating ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Patient Pain

The objective of this study was to determine the reliability and concurrent validity of two pain rating scales - Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Verbal Rating Scale (VRS). The verbal rating scale was modified by translating the English description of subjective pain experience into vernacular (Yoruba) equivalents and rating the knee pain when the patient was  standing with the knee  flexed . Twenty seven patients who were clinically and radiologically diagnosed with osteoarthritis (OA) and with knee pain were purposively selected for the study. Two testers (physiotherapists) independently rated the pain experienced by patients, when bearing full weight while standing on the affected leg with slight knee flexion, over a period of several days. For each patient pain was rated with the VAS and the modified VRS (MVRS). There were significant correlations between VAS and MVRS by the same tester (tester 1 and tester2) (r=0.92, p<0.01; r = 0.89,            p<0.01respectively,)) and between VAS and MVRS between tester 1 and tester 2 (r=0.91,p<0.01). There were no significant differences between VAS for tester 1 and VAS for tester 2, and between MVRS for tester 1and MVRS for tester 2 (p> 0.01).  According to this study, the two pain rating scales for knee OA are reliable. Our use of VAS and MVRS togetherwith the procedure involving the flexed knee posture is, therefore, recommended for wider clinical trials.

A Comparative Study of Four Depression Rating Scales

1975 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Davies ◽  
Graham Burrows ◽  
Carol Poynton
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Special Mention ◽  
Depression Scales ◽  
Research Studies

Comparisons were made between the overall scores on the Beck, Hamilton, Zung and a visual analogue rating scale in a group of depressed patients. The comparisons were made initially and at one, two and three weeks. Significant correlations between the global scores were found on these depression scales. The value of these scales in clinical research studies in depression is discussed with special mention of the value of the visual analogue scale.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the short-term efficacy of local analgesic (lidocaine) and opioid analgesic (sufentanil) on patients with centrally mediated abdominal pain syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 175628482110217
Author(s):  
Hang Yang ◽  
Honglin Chen ◽  
Bing Hu
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Term Efficacy

Background: Centrally mediated abdominal pain syndrome (CAPS) is characterized by continuous or frequently recurring abdominal pain and can result in functional loss across several life domains. The efficacy of the present management methods has not been established yet. We performed a prospective randomized controlled trial to explore the short-term efficacy of local analgesic (lidocaine) and opioid analgesic (sufentanil) in patients with CAPS. Methods: We consecutively enrolled 130 patients who met the Rome IV CAPS criteria and divided them into the sufentanil + lidocaine (S + L) group and sufentanil (S) group. Patients completed the pain rating scales, including the numeric rating scale (NRS) and verbal rating scale (VRS), 60 min before colonoscopy. All the patients were initially administered sufentanil. In the S + L group, we sprayed a 5 ml solution of lidocaine on the surface of ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon during colonoscope withdrawal, while 5 ml saline was sprayed in the S group. Follow up was performed 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months after colonoscopy, to complete the pain scaling. Results: A comparison of the NRS and VRS showed that there were no significant differences between the S + L and S groups and within each group ( p > 0.05). Conclusions: Local analgesic lidocaine and opioid analgesic sufentanil showed negative efficacy during short-term observation. The opioid receptor blocker sufentanil did not worsen symptoms in patients with CAPS after colonoscopy under general anesthesia in the short term. [chictr.org.cn, Chinese Clinical Trial Identifier, ChiCTR-IOR-16008187]

Defining minimal clinically important differences in pain and disability outcomes of patients with chronic pain treated with spinal cord stimulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shelby Sabourin ◽  
Justin Tram ◽  
Breanna L. Sheldon ◽  
Julie G. Pilitsis
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Failed Back Surgery Syndrome ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Minimum Detectable Change ◽  
Failed Back Surgery

OBJECTIVE Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) thresholds for a limited number of outcome metrics were previously defined for patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) at 6 months after spinal cord stimulation (SCS). This study aimed to further define MCID values for pain and disability outcomes. Additionally, the authors established 1-year MCID values for outcome measures with previously defined metrics commonly used to assess SCS efficacy. METHODS Preoperative and 1-year postoperative outcomes were collected from 114 patients who received SCS therapy for FBSS, complex regional pain syndrome, and neuropathic pain. MCID values were established for the numerical rating scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). Four established anchor-based methods were utilized to compute MCID values with two anchored questions: “Are you satisfied with SCS therapy?” and “Would you have SCS surgery again?” For each question, patients were categorized as responders if they answered “yes” or as nonresponders if they responded “no.” The methodologies utilized to compute MCID scores included the average change method, minimum detectable change approach, change difference calculation, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) analysis has been shown to inform the accuracy at which the MCID value can distinguish responders from nonresponders and was analyzed for each instrument. RESULTS For the first time, ranges of MCID values after SCS were established for MPQ (1–2.3) and PCS (1.9–13.6). One-year MCID values were defined for all indications: NRS (range 0.9–2.7), ODI (3.5–6.9), and BDI (2–5.9). AUC values were significant for NRS (0.78, p < 0.001), ODI (0.71, p = 0.003), MPQ (0.74, p < 0.001), and PCS (0.77, p < 0.001), indicating notable accuracy for distinguishing satisfied patients. CONCLUSIONS This was the first study to successfully determine MCID values for two prominent instruments, MPQ and PCS, used to assess pain after SCS surgery. Additionally, previously established MCID values for ODI, BDI, and the visual analog scale for patients with FBSS at 6 months after treatment were explored at 12 months for the most common indications for SCS. These data may better inform physicians of patient response to and success with SCS therapy.

scholarly journals Tswana speaking South Africans’ understanding of pain scales

2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yazbek ◽  
A. Stewart ◽  
P. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pressure Threshold ◽  
Pain Scales

Aim: The aim of this study was to establish the validity and reliability of the Tswanatranslations of three pain scales.Design: This was a cross–sectional study to validate and test the reliability of threepain scales.Participants:   One hundred subjects participated in the study. They were selectedfrom the back schools of five hospitals in the North -West Province of South A frica andfrom workers in these hospitals who were employed as kitchen workers, laundryworkers and cleaners.Method: Translation of the pain scales and the stages of cross-cultural adaptation were followed as recommended byBeaton et al (2000). Pain tolerance of the subjects was measured using a P.T.M. (pressure threshold meter). The painscales used were the V.A .S. (visual analogue scale) one (nought and ten only), the V.A .S. (visual analogue scale) two(nought through to ten), the W.B.F. (Wong-Baker Faces pain measure) and the V.R.S. (verbal rating scale).  The V.R.S.used came in two forms. The first form was written on cue cards which the subjects arranged in order and the second form was the questionnaire version of the V.R.S.The subjects were interviewed and asked five questions relating to their back pain. Upon completion of the interviewthe pressure threshold of the painful area (back) was tested. Subjects then filled in the three pain scales, namely the (V.A .S. one, V.A .S. two, the V.R.S. and lastly the W.B.F. pain scale). Approximately a third of the sample (37) was retested the following day following the same procedure asdescribed above. Results: There was no correlation between the pressure threshold meter readings and the pain scale measurements.  Conclusion: From the statistical analysis of the results, it became apparent that the subjects tested did not have anunderstanding of any of the three pain scales. Future research needs to be done in developing entirely different scales for peoples of low literacy and differentlanguage and cultural groups in South Africa.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of different methods of anesthesia in patients with acute pancreatitis using pain scales

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
V N Shilenok ◽  
E V Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of used anesthesia methods in patients with acute pancreatitis in intensive care units settings using pain scales.Methods. Depending on the anesthesia type, 44 patients with acute pancreatitis were divided into three groups: the first group received intramuscular injections of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and spasmolytics, the second group - intramuscular injections of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioid analgesics, the third group - epidural anesthesia with local anesthetics. Comparative analysis of pain character, intensity was conducted, its dynamics in patients of all groups amid anesthesia was evaluated using a visual analogue scale, verbal rating scale, verbal descriptor scale, McGill pain questionnaire.Results. Baseline pain intensity in patients of all groups was high. Patients estimated this pain as «very strong». The time and the level of pain intensity reduction for various anesthesia types had differences. Pain syndrome was eliminated slower in patients of the second group. By the end of the 1st day, patients of this group continued to complain of «strong» pain. Pain intensity decreased only on the 2nd day - patients reported «moderate» pain. Pain syndrome was not completely eliminated in these patients for 2 days of anesthesia. 97.7% of patients reported that the visual analogue scale is the most acceptable pain assessment scale for them.Conclusion. In patients with acute pancreatitis, the most optimal anesthesia types are intramuscular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with spasmolytics and prolonged epidural anesthesia with local anesthetics; intramuscular administration of opioid analgesics with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is less effective in relieving pain.

Mycophenolate for persistent complex regional pain syndrome, a parallel, open, randomised, proof of concept trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Goebel ◽  
Anu Jacob ◽  
Bernhard Frank ◽  
Paul Sacco ◽  
Guillermo Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Numeric Rating

Abstract Background and aims: Current therapies for persistent complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) are grossly inadequate. With accruing evidence to support an underlying immunological process and anecdotal evidence suggesting potential efficacy of mycophenolate, we wished to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of this treatment in patients with CRPS. Methods: A randomised, open, parallel, proof of concept trial was conducted. Patients with Budapest research criteria CRPS of >2-year duration and moderate or high pain intensity (numeric rating scale score ≥5) were enrolled. Eligible patients were randomised 1:1 to openly receive mycophenolate as add-on treatment, or their usual treatment alone, over 5.5 months. They then switched to the other treatment arm for 5.5 months. The main outcome was average the patients’ average pain intensity recorded over 14 days, between 5.0 and 5.5 months post randomisation, on 11-point (0–10) numeric rating scales, compared between trial arms. Skin sensitivities and additional outcomes were also assessed. Results: Twelve patients were enrolled. Nine provided outcomes and were analysed for the main outcome. Mycophenolate treatment was significantly more effective than control [drug-group mean (SD): pre: 7.4 (1.2)- post: 5.2 (1.3), n=4, control: pre: 7.7 (1.4)- post: 8.1 (0.9), n=5; −2.8 (95% CI: −4.7, −1.0), p=0.01, analysis of covariance]. There were four treatment responders (to mycophenolate treatment either before, or after switch), whose initial exquisite skin hyper-sensitivities, function and quality of life strongly improved. Side effects including itchiness, skin-cryptitis, increased pain, and increased depression caused 45% of the subjects to stop taking mycophenolate. Conclusions: Mycophenolate appears to reduce pain intensity and improve quality of life in a subgroup of patients with persistent CRPS. Implications: These results support the feasibility of conducting a definite trial to confirm the efficacy and effect size of mycophenolate treatment for persistent CRPS (EudraCT 2015-000263-14).

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