scholarly journals An Improved Hybrid Algorithm for Accurate Determination of Parameters of Lung Nodules with Dirichlet Boundaries in CT Images

Author(s):  
G. Niranjana ◽  
M. Ponnavaikko

The chondrodite group of minerals comprises prolectite (H 2 Mg 3 SiO 6 ), chondrodite (H 2 Mg 5 Si 2 O 10 ), humite (H 2 Mg 7 Si 3 O 14 ) and clinohumite (H 2 Mg 9 Si 4 O 18 ). We have so far been unable to obtain a specimen of the first—there seems, indeed, to be some doubt as to its existence—and, in consequence, the present paper is concerned with the last three members only. Our conclusions are based on X-ray data obtained by the rotating crystal method and by the ionisation spectrometer. None of the crystal specimens was suitable for absolute measurements of the intensity of reflexion, and the investigation has therefore been wholly qualitative in character. This, of course, increases considerably the difficulty of the problem, especially in so far as an accurate determination of parameters is concerned; for in attacking crystal structures of even moderate complexity, the advisability of a quantitative study is being more and more realised. In the present case, we are dealing with crystals possessing a very large number of parameters ( e. g ., 24 in chondrodite, 36 in humite and 45 in clinohumite), and even a detailed quantitative examination might be unsuccessful without the use of some guiding principle or principles. These principles will be apparent later.


2004 ◽  
Vol 611 (1) ◽  
pp. L33-L36 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Z. Bonanos ◽  
K. Z. Stanek ◽  
A. Udalski ◽  
L. Wyrzykowski ◽  
K. Żebruń ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-121
Author(s):  
M.V. Chukalina ◽  
A.V. Khafizov ◽  
V.V. Kokhan ◽  
A.V. Buzmakov ◽  
R.A. Senin ◽  
...  

An algorithm for post-processing of the grayscale 3D computed tomography (CT) images of porous structures with the automatic selection of filtering parameters is proposed. The determination of parameters is carried out on a representative part of the image under analysis. A criterion for the search for optimal filtering parameters based on the count of "levitating stone" voxels is described. The stages of CT image filtering and its binarization are performed sequentially. Bilateral and anisotropic diffuse filtering is implemented; the Otsu method for unbalanced classes is chosen for binarization. Verification of the proposed algorithm was carried out on model data. To create model porous structures, we used our image generator, which implements the function of anisotropic porous structures generation. Results of the post-processing of real CT images containing noise and reconstruction artifacts by the proposed method are discussed.


Author(s):  
M. M. Canedo Alonso ◽  
Jaime González Cuadra ◽  
J. L. González-Hernández

AbstractIn this work we have applied the computational methodology based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to the kinetic study of distinct reaction mechanisms to determine different types of parameters. Moreover, the problems of ambiguity or equivalence are analyzed in the set of parameters to determine in different kinetic systems when these parameters are from different natures. The ambiguity in the set of parameters show the possibility of existence of two possible set of parameter values that fit the experimental data. The deterministic analysis is applied to know beforehand if this problem occurs when rate constants of the different stages of the mechanism and the molar absorption coefficients of the species participating in the reaction are obtained together. Through the deterministic analysis we will analyze if a system is identifiable (unique solution or finite number of solutions) or if it is non-identifiable if it possesses infinite solutions. The determination of parameters of different nature can also present problems due to the different magnitude order, so we must analyze in each case the necessity to apply a second method to improve the values obtained through ANN. If necessary, an optimization mathematical method for improving the values of the parameters obtained with ANN will be used. The complete process, ANN and mathematical optimizations constitutes a hybrid algorithm ANN-MATOPT. The procedure will be applied first for the treatment of synthetic data with the purpose of checking the applicability of the method and after, it will be used in the case of experimental kinetic data.


Author(s):  
R.D. Leapman ◽  
P. Rez ◽  
D.F. Mayers

Microanalysis by EELS has been developing rapidly and though the general form of the spectrum is now understood there is a need to put the technique on a more quantitative basis (1,2). Certain aspects important for microanalysis include: (i) accurate determination of the partial cross sections, σx(α,ΔE) for core excitation when scattering lies inside collection angle a and energy range ΔE above the edge, (ii) behavior of the background intensity due to excitation of less strongly bound electrons, necessary for extrapolation beneath the signal of interest, (iii) departures from the simple hydrogenic K-edge seen in L and M losses, effecting σx and complicating microanalysis. Such problems might be approached empirically but here we describe how computation can elucidate the spectrum shape.The inelastic cross section differential with respect to energy transfer E and momentum transfer q for electrons of energy E0 and velocity v can be written as


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