Environmental DNA sampling protocols for the surveillance of marine non-indigenous species v3

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Mirimin ◽  
Dulaney Miller ◽  
Sara Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Sampling Protocols ◽  
Dna Sampling ◽  
Marine Invasive Species ◽  
Monitoring And Surveillance ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

This document describes a series of protocols for the collection of environmental samples intended for the monitoring and surveillance of marine invasive species by means of eDNA metabarcoding analysis, as described in the associated publication (Fernandez et al. 2021: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112893).

Environmental DNA sampling protocols for the surveillance of marine non-indigenous species in Irish coastal waters

2021 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 112893
Author(s):  
Sara Fernandez ◽  
Dulaney L. Miller ◽  
Luke E. Holman ◽  
Arjan Gittenberger ◽  
Alba Ardura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Sampling Protocols ◽  
Dna Sampling ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

Environmental sample collection for eDNA analysis v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Mirimin ◽  
Dulaney Miller ◽  
Sara Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Environmental Sample ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Marine Invasive Species ◽  
Monitoring And Surveillance

This document describes a series of protocols for the collection of environmental samples intended for the monitoring and surveillance of marine invasive species by means of eDNA metabarcoding analysis, as described in the associated publication (Fernandez et al. 2021: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112893).

scholarly journals Current limitations and future prospects of detection and biomonitoring of NIS in the Mediterranean Sea through environmental DNA

NeoBiota ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 151-165
Author(s):  
Francesco Zangaro ◽  
Benedetta Saccomanno ◽  
Eftychia Tzafesta ◽  
Fabio Bozzeda ◽  
Valeria Specchia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

The biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea is currently threatened by the introduction of Non-Indigenous Species (NIS). Therefore, monitoring the distribution of NIS is of utmost importance to preserve the ecosystems. A promising approach for the identification of species and the assessment of biodiversity is the use of DNA barcoding, as well as DNA and eDNA metabarcoding. Currently, the main limitation in the use of genomic data for species identification is the incompleteness of the DNA barcode databases. In this research, we assessed the availability of DNA barcodes in the main reference libraries for the most updated inventory of 665 confirmed NIS in the Mediterranean Sea, with a special focus on the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) barcode and primers. The results of this study show that there are no barcodes for 33.18% of the species in question, and that 45.30% of the 382 species with COI barcode, have no primers publicly available. This highlights the importance of directing scientific efforts to fill the barcode gap of specific taxonomic groups in order to help in the effective application of the eDNA technique for investigating the occurrence and the distribution of NIS in the Mediterranean Sea.

scholarly journals Biological invasions: winning the science battles but losing the conservation war?

Oryx ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip E. Hulme
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Invasion Process ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

Biological invasions by non-indigenous species (NIS) are widely recognized as a significant component of human-caused global environmental change. However, the standard programme of mapping distributions, predicting future ranges, modelling species spread, assessing impacts, developing management guidelines and screening species suffers from a number of serious limitations. NIS distribution maps can often be as misleading as they are instructive. Perceptions of the intensity, scale and rate of invasion are a function of mapping resolution, and the lack of common mapping standards prevents accurate comparative assessments. Coarse resolution data may overestimate the role of climate in the invasion process relative to other variables such as land use or human population density. Climate envelopes have therefore been widely used to predict species future ranges, but often overestimate potential distributions. Without an appropriate mechanistic understanding of the invasion process, correlative approaches may misinterpret the relative risks posed by different NIS. In addition, statistical models of invasion fail to encapsulate the complexity of human-mediated dispersal, which includes such diverse processes as transatlantic timber trade, horticultural fashion and the continuing expansion of road networks. Screening tools based on species traits, taxonomy and/or invasion history can sometimes result in high discrimination rates. Yet where the cost of false positives outweighs the risks from false negatives, a higher discriminatory power is required. Certain research outputs have perhaps been counterproductive in the war against invasive species. Studies have highlighted that only a tiny proportion of NIS are invasive, that most invasions occur in human dominated rather than pristine ecosystems, that indigenous and non-indigenous species are sufficiently similar that their impacts may not necessarily be different, and that there is evidence that introduced species augment rather than reduce species diversity. It is crucial to address these wider perceptions of the problem in order to mobilize the resources necessary for a global invasive species management programme.

Outlook: Crustaceans in the Anthropocene

2020 ◽  
pp. 464-492
Author(s):  
Karolina Bącela-Spychalska ◽  
Gary C. B. Poore ◽  
Michał Grabowski
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Extinction Rate ◽  
Global Climate Warming ◽  
Freshwater Acidification ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
Natural Dispersal

Since the mid-20th century we have been living in a new geological epoch, Anthropocene, characterized by an overwhelming impact of human activity on the Earth’s ecosystems, leading to mass species extinction by habitat destruction, pollution, global climate warming, and homogenization of biota by intra- and intercontinental transfer of species. Crustaceans are among the most diverse and species-rich animal groups inhabiting predominantly aquatic ecosystems, listed as among the most threatened ecosystems. Global threats include ocean and freshwater acidification, eutrophication, pesticide, hormone and antibiotic load, coastline modification, habitat destruction, overharvesting, and the introduction of invasive species. Many crustaceans are threatened by human-induced modifications of habitats, while others are themselves threats—crustaceans are among the most common invasive species. Those non-indigenous species, when established and integrated, become important components of existing communities, strongly influencing other components directly and indirectly, including by species replacement. They are a threat mostly to species with similar ecological niches, most often to other crustaceans. It is hard to be optimistic about the future of crustacean biodiversity. We may rather expect that growing human pressure will variously further accelerate the non-natural dispersal and extinction rate.

scholarly journals Unaided dispersal risk of Magallana gigas into and around the UK: combining particle tracking modelling and environmental suitability scoring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louisa E. Wood ◽  
Tiago A. M. Silva ◽  
Richard Heal ◽  
Adam Kennerley ◽  
Paul Stebbing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Tracking ◽  
Larval Settlement ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Environmental Suitability ◽  
Monitoring And Surveillance ◽  
Significant Pathway ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Non Indigenous Species

AbstractMarine non-indigenous species are a significant threat to marine ecosystems with prevention of introduction and early detection considered to be the only effective management strategy. Knowledge of the unaided pathway has received relatively little attention, despite being integral to the implementation of robust monitoring and surveillance. Here, particle tracking modelling is combined with spatial analysis of environmental suitability, to highlight UK coastal areas at risk of introduction and spread of Magallana gigas by the unaided pathway. ‘Introduction into UK’ scenarios were based on spawning from the continental coast, Republic of Ireland, Channel Islands and Isle of Man and ‘spread within UK’ scenarios were based on spawning from known UK wild populations and aquaculture sites. Artificial structures were included as spawning sites in an introduction scenario. The UK coast was scored, based on parameters influencing larval settlement, to reflect environmental suitability. Risk maps were produced to highlight areas of the UK coast at elevated risk of introduction and spread of M. gigas by the unaided pathway. This study highlights that introduction of M. gigas into UK waters via the unaided pathway is possible, with offshore structures increasing the potential geographical extent of introduction. Further, there is potential for substantial secondary spread from aquaculture sites and wild populations in the UK. The results of the study are considered in the context of national M. gigas management, whilst the approach is contextualised more broadly as a tool to further understanding of a little-known, yet significant pathway.

scholarly journals Inventarisasi Teritip Non-Indigenous yang Menempel pada Ocean Going Vessel di Pelabuhan Tanjung Intan Cilacap

Biosfera ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Romanus Edy Prabowo ◽  
Erwin Riyanto Ardli
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Species Invasion ◽  
Marine Fouling ◽  
International Shipping ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Barnacle Species ◽  
Shipping Traffic ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
Different Origins

Portof Tanjung Intan Cilacapis one of four major international shipping ports located in JawaIslandand among 85 ports throughout Indonesia. International shipping ports are exposed for non-indigenous species including barnalces as a consequence of shipping traffic. Barnacle is the most common marine fouling found in ship’s hull and ballast water of ocean going vessel. This work was aimed at knowing which barnacle species were passively transported on such vessels hulls, in order to map and monitor non-indigenous species invasion in the area. Four vessels of different origins were investigated between April and November 2009. Among four vessels, three of them were clean. A cosmopolite non-invasive species were found on a ship of Ukrainan origin, Amphibalanus amphitrite., which also occur dominantly in the port of Tanjung Intan Cilacap. This port was considered at no introduction risk of non-indigenous species.

scholarly journals On linking mechanism to invasive species impact

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Cadotte
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Vincetoxicum Rossicum ◽  
Biodiversity Change ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
Native Plant Diversity ◽  
Invasive Species Impact

Species invasion represents one of the major drivers of biodiversity change globally, yet there is widespread confusion about the nature of non-indigenous species (NIS) impact. This stems from differing notions of what constitutes invasive species ‘impact’ and the scales at which it should be assessed. At local scales, the mechanisms of impact on competitors can be classified into four scenarios: 1) minimal impact from NIS inhabiting unique niche space; 2) neutral impact spread across the community and proportional to NIS abundance; 3) targeted impact on a small number of competitors with overlapping niches; and 4) pervasive impact that is disproportionate to NIS abundance and caused by modifications that filter out other species. I developed a statistical test to distinguish these four mechanisms based on community rank-abundance curves and then created a scale-independent standardized impact score. Using an example long-term dataset, that has high native plant diversity and an abundance gradient of the invasive vine, Vincetoxicum rossicum, I show that impact resulted in either targeted extirpations or widespread biodiversity loss. Regardless of whether NIS impact is neutral, targeted or pervasive, the net outcome will be the homogenization of ecosystems and reduced biodiversity at larger scales, perhaps reducing ecosystem resilience.

scholarly journals Advancing global monitoring of ship borne invasive species through streamlined metabarcoding.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Czechowski ◽  
Erin Grey-Avis ◽  
David M Lodge
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Long Beach ◽  
Ship Traffic ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Dna Sampling

The unintentional transport of invasive species through the global shipping network causes substantial losses to social and economic welfare. Addressing this global challenge requires identification of potentially harmful species, and confirmation of their movement along highly frequented shipping routes. As we have previously shown, properly calibrated network models are able to describe passive movement of invasive species around the world. These models can be substantially improved when suitable in-situ biological data is becoming available, now possible by sequencing of environmental DNA (eDNA) from port waters. Here we report a simple and scalable approach to generate metabarcoding data of 18S ribosomal and other eDNA collected in four major US ports. Between Long Beach, Houston, Miami, Baltimore and a multitude of Chinese ports, ships travel both frequently or infrequently while linking to different ecosystems of East Asia. By controlling for ecoregions and ship traffic, we will shortly be able to estimate ship-borne invasive species spread between the two largest global economies, USA and China. With further port DNA sampling and network model refinements, we will also soon be able to provide global assessments of ship-borne invasive species spread to inform management and policy decision makers.

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