DEFICIT IRRIGATION AND PLANT DENSITY IMPACT ON GROWTH, YIELD, QUALITY AND QUERCETIN OF SHORT-DAY ONION

Abstract A field experiment was conducted with irrigation in 2018 and 2019 at three locations to identify the optimum plant density and adaptive variety for better watermelon yield and quality. It consisted of five densities (24,690, 13,888, 8,888, 6,172, and 4,535 plant ha−1) and two varieties (Crimson Sweet and Sugar Baby) with factorial combination in randomized complete block design with three replications. Plant density and variety were not affected by location and season. The response of watermelon in yield, quality, and growth was influenced by plant density and variety. The highest fruit yield of 32.1 t ha−1 was obtained from the highest plant density, which was statistically similar with the yield of 31.9 t ha−1 obtained with the second highest plant density. However, about 71% of the fruits produced with the highest plant density were mini-sized in the fruit size category, whereas only about 59% were mini-sized with the second highest plant density. Any addition of plant density beyond 13,888 ha−1 did not gain additional yield but reduced in quality attributes. Better fruit physical attributes and total soluble solid were recorded from the lowest plant density. Therefore, Crimson Sweet variety with 120 and 60 cm inter- and intra-row spacing, respectively, which accommodates the plant density of 13,888 ha−1, is optimum for watermelon production.

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Crop Coefficient-based Deficit Irrigation and Planting Density for Onion: Growth, Yield, and Bulb Quality

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.47.1.31 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 31-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Daniel I. Leskovar ◽

Shinsuke Agehara ◽

Kilsun Yoo ◽

Nuria Pascual-Seva

Keyword(s):

Deficit Irrigation ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Crop Coefficient ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Planting Density ◽

Severe Drought ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Irrigation Rate ◽

Semiarid Regions ◽

Short Day

Agricultural communities in the semiarid regions of the world are constantly being affected by water scarcity, increased regulations restricting water use, strong competition for irrigation water with the urban sector, and severe drought periods. Conversely, the consumer demand for high-quality and nutritious foods is increasing rapidly. A 2-year field study evaluated growth, yield, and bulb quality in response to precision planting density and deficit irrigation of onion (Allium cepa L.) in southwest Texas. Seeds of short-day sweet onion cv. Texas Grano 1015Y were planted in the field on 11 Nov. 2007 and 30 Oct. 2008 at two planting densities (PDs), 397,000 (standard) and 484,000 (high) seeds/ha. Three irrigation rates using growth stage-specific crop coefficients and subsurface drip were imposed after plants were fully established, 100%, 75%, and 50% crop evapotranspiration rates (ETc). Total rainfall plus irrigation received for each irrigation rate were 594, 501, and 413 mm in 2008 and 662, 574, and 486 mm in 2009. In both seasons, there were consistent trends in growth, yield, and quality parameters. Leaf fresh weight was unaffected by PD but was reduced by deficit irrigation at 50% ETc. Although increasing planting density reduced the average bulb size by 12%, it increased the number of marketable bulbs by 21% to 33% and marketable yield by 7% to 14%. In contrast, deficit irrigation showed a trend to reduce both the number of bulbs and bulb size with yield reductions of 8% to 13% at 75% ETc and 19% to 27% at 50% ETc. Neither planting density nor deficit irrigation rate had a significant effect on soluble solids content, pungency, or quercetin contents. These results suggest that growers of short-day onions in semiarid regions could adjust PDs to target high-value bulb sizes. Implementing water-conserving practices (deficit irrigation at 75% ETc rate) would result in a decrease of high-value bulb grades and modest losses in yield but not flavor or nutritional components.

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Organic management of Chinese potato: growth, yield, quality, soil health, and economics

International Journal of Vegetable Science ◽

10.1080/19315260.2021.1907829 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-19

Author(s):

Girija Suja ◽

Janardanan Sreekumar ◽

Gangadharan Byju ◽

Syamala Swayamvaran Veena ◽

Sarojini Amma Sunitha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Health ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Organic Management ◽

Yield Quality ◽

Potato Growth

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Nitrogen and plant density effects on growth, yield performance of two different cotton cultivars from different origin

Journal of King Saud University - Science ◽

10.1016/j.jksus.2021.101512 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101512

Author(s):

Adnan Noor Shah ◽

Yingying Wu ◽

Javaid Iqbal ◽

Mohsin Tanveer ◽

Saqib Bashir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Density ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Yield Performance ◽

Density Effects ◽

Different Origin

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Effects of Nitrogen and Plant Density on Growth, Yield and Chemical Composition of Two Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science ◽

10.1111/j.1439-037x.1990.tb00804.x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 164 (3) ◽

pp. 174-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

J. Ellen

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Plant Density ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Triticum Aestivum L

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Effect of deficit irrigation during stage II and post-harvest on tree water status, vegetative growth, yield and economic assessment in ‘Angeleno’ Japanese plum

Agricultural Water Management ◽

10.1016/j.agwat.2015.04.008 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 158 ◽

pp. 69-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Alberto Samperio ◽

María José Moñino ◽

Antonio Vivas ◽

Fernando Blanco-Cipollone ◽

Abelardo García Martín ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vegetative Growth ◽

Deficit Irrigation ◽

Water Status ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Economic Assessment ◽

Stage Ii ◽

Japanese Plum ◽

Post Harvest

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Grafting Improves Fruit Yield of Cucumber Plants Grown under Combined Heat and Soil Salinity Stresses

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae7030061 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 61

Author(s):

Yousry Bayoumi ◽

Emad Abd-Alkarim ◽

Hassan El-Ramady ◽

Farouk El-Aidy ◽

El-Samahy Hamed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arid Regions ◽

Saline Soil ◽

Growth Yield ◽

High Temperature Stress ◽

Cucumis Sativus L ◽

Chlorophyll Contents ◽

Flower Abortion ◽

Yield Quality ◽

Si Content ◽

Better Than

Improving the productivity of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants subjected to combined salinity and heat stresses is a significant challenge, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Gianco F1 cucumbers were grafted onto five cucurbit rootstocks and, together with an ungrafted control, were grown in Egypt in a net house with saline soil during the summer season over two years. The vegetative growth, yield, quality, biochemical, and mineral composition traits were measured. Although many differences were observed among treatments, in general, the grafted plants had a performance better than or similar to that of the ungrafted plants, based on the different parameters measured. In particular, the cucumber plants grafted onto the Cucurbita maxima × C. moschata interspecific hybrid rootstocks VSS-61 F1 and Ferro had the highest early and total marketable yields. These two rootstocks consistently conferred higher vigor to the scion, which had lower flower abortion rates and higher chlorophyll contents. The fruit quality and N, P, and K composition in the leaves suffered few relevant changes as compared with the control. However, the leaves of the VSS-61 F1 had higher catalase activity, as well as proline and Se contents, while those of Ferro had higher Si content. This study reveals that the grafting of cucumber plants onto suitable rootstocks may mitigate the adverse effects caused by the combination of saline soil and heat stresses. This represents a significant improvement for cucumber cultivation in saline soil under high-temperature stress conditions in arid regions.

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