Orchard floor management strategy to maintain performance of apple trees in replant soils

2020 ◽  
pp. 267-280
Author(s):  
K. Diehl ◽  
U. Cavael ◽  
H. Schwärzel ◽  
P. Lentzsch
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Orchard Floor Management

Growth of apple trees, nitrate mobility and pest populations following a corn versus fescue crop rotation

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 162-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan R. Biggs ◽  
Tara A. Baugher ◽  
Alan R. Collins ◽  
Henry W. Hogmire ◽  
James B. Kotcon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Conventional System ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Orchard Floor Management ◽  
Alternative System ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
Pest Incidence ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Herbicide Use

AbstractWe compared conventional and alternative systems for the establishment of apple trees on a replicated, whole-orchard scale. The alternative system consisted of a K-31 fescue sod rotation followed by planting of trees directly into sod that had been kitted with herbicide. The conventional system consisted of a standard corn rotation, accompanied by application of fertilizer and nematicide. Orchard floor management in the three years following tree planting was based on the use of both pre-and post-emergence herbicides in the conventional system and only contact herbicide in the alternative system. The study documented tree growth, pest incidence, and nitrate mobility in the two systems. The alternative system compared favorably with the conventional system for the growth and establishment of four apple cultivars. Many advantages accompanied the killed sod system, including less subsurface leaching ofnitrate-N and lower costs (largely from decreased herbicide use). The alternative system provided an economical alternative to the problem of soil organic matter depletion in conventional orchard soils without requiring increased use of commercial fertilizers. Grower concerns regarding increased potential for vole damage and poor initial tree growth were unsubstantiated.

scholarly journals Influence of Orchard Floor Management and Compost Application Timing on Nitrogen Partitioning in Apple Trees

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan TerAvest ◽  
Jeffrey L. Smith ◽  
Lynne Carpenter-Boggs ◽  
Lori Hoagland ◽  
David Granatstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Orchard Floor Management ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Legume Cover Crop

Synchronizing the supply of plant-available nitrogen (N) from organic materials with the N needs of apple trees is essential to cost-effective organic apple production. Tree growth and organic matter mineralization are affected by orchard floor management. This study examines the effects of three orchard floor management systems, cultivation, wood chip mulch, and a legume cover crop, on the accumulation and partitioning of compost-derived N in young apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees at different compost application dates across two growing seasons. Compost enriched with 15N was applied to apple trees in April, May, and June of 2006 and 2007, and trees were excavated in Sept. 2007 to determine the fate of labeled compost N. Trees with wood chip mulch had significantly greater dry weight and N accumulation in vegetative tree components than trees with cultivation or legume cover. Fruit yields were similar between cultivation and wood chip treatments despite less vegetative growth under cultivation, as these trees partitioned more dry weight into fruit (44%) than wood chip mulch trees (31%). Nitrogen-use efficiency by trees was lower with a living legume cover crop than in other treatments due to competition for resources. In the cover crop aboveground biomass, 20% to 100% of the N was derived from compost. In comparison, only 5% to 40% of N in the decomposing wood chip mulch originated from compost. Tree reserves were an important source of N for spring fruit and leaf growth in all treatments, but significantly more so for trees in the cultivation treatment. Fruit and leaves were strong sinks for compost N early in the season, with trees allocating 72% of spring N uptake into leaves and fruit. In the summer, N uptake increased improving compost N-use efficiency. Summer N was preferentially allocated to perennial tissues (71%), bolstering N reserves. Trees with wood chip mulch performed well and had greater capacity to build N reserves, making wood chips ideal for establishing young organic apple orchards. However, as the orchard matures, it may be beneficial to switch to a groundcover that reduces tree vegetative growth.

MUHAMMADIYAH SCHOOL MANAGEMENT STRATEGY IN BANGKA BELITUNG

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Sri Sugiyarti ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal Arrosyad
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Education Management ◽  
National Examination ◽  
School Year ◽  
Vocational High Schools ◽  
New Facilities

The charitable endeavors of Muhammadiyah in the Bangka Belitung Region in the field of education from the levels of Elementary Schools, Junior High Schools, and High Schools and Vocational High Schools are spread to all districts/cities. However, the discussion about Muhammadiyah education in Bangka Belitung is very minimal. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. This study took the sample of the oldest and best senior high school as an illustration of Muhammadiyah education management in Bangka Belitung. The results showed that Muhammadiyah Education experienced various obstacles to the threat of closure, however, they were able to rise from adversity. Muhammadiyah Pangkalpinang High School as the oldest school departed from a school that boarded at Muhammadiyah Middle School and later became one of the most popular schools in the era of the 1990s to accommodate students up to 18 classes, but later it fell free and was almost closed due to the lack of students. Several times the change of school principals has not improved, a new hope is obtained when the management of this school is submitted to the STKIP Muhammadiyah Bangka Belitung to become its lab school. Now with new facilities and management, the number of students is increasing, slowly but surely this school is starting to improve itself. Meanwhile, Muhammadiyah Toboali High School, South Bangka Regency, which was established in 1994, almost lost public confidence, due to a large number of students who failed the National Examination for the 2006/2007 school year. The situation changed along with Supiandi's leadership, his persistence in managing the school, and finally, the trust in the community returned. Now the number of students has reached nearly 500 students

Management Strategy for Distributing Questionnaires and Interview Guidelines in the Research Data Collection Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
Po. Abas Sunarya ◽  
George Iwan Marantika ◽  
Adam Faturahman
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Good Management ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Group Interviews

Writing can mean lowering or describing graphic symbols that describe a languageunderstood by someone. For a researcher, management of research preparation is a veryimportant step because this step greatly determines the success or failure of all researchactivities. Before a person starts with research activities, he must make a written plan commonlyreferred to as the management of research data collection. In the process of collecting researchdata, of course we can do the management of questionnaires as well as the preparation ofinterview guidelines to disseminate and obtain accurate information. With the arrangement ofplanning and conducting interviews: the ethics of conducting interviews, the advantages anddisadvantages of interviews, the formulation of interview questions, the schedule of interviews,group and focus group interviews, interviews using recording devices, and interview bias.making a questionnaire must be designed with very good management by giving to theinformation needed, in accordance with the problem and all that does not cause problems at thestage of analysis and interpretation.

STRATEGI MANAJEMEN KAS (CASH MANAGEMENT) DALAM RANGKA OPTIMALISASI DANA PADA YAYASAN INSAN MADANI SEJAHTERA (YIMS) TAHUN 2004-2009

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Yuli Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Cash Management ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Caring Teachers ◽  
The Social

cash management strategy (cash management) in order to optimize the foundation fund civil insan prosper (yims) year 2004-2009. Cash management strategy (cash management) in order to optimize the funds on Madani Insan Sejahtera Foundation (Yims) include: revenue from the year 2004 amounting to Rp. 18,250,500.00 until 2009 to Rp. 559,454,000.00 or 300 times increase. Similarly, expenditure in the form of compensation, public health services, skills training, caring teachers and preachers, the economic empowerment of the ummah, qurban from 2004 amounting to Rp. 17,787,500.00 until 2009 to Rp. 559 005 100 is almost 300%. The channeling of funds up to 98% - 102% from 2004 to 2009. The remaining funds are used for operational reserves the foundation. The Foundation expects an increase in revenue from activities that are funded in accordance mission of the foundation is: (1) to provide services to the community through empowerment programs that integrate educational programs, health, economy and skills. (2) Being a liaison between the haves with the community through the distribution of funds can not afford the social, charity, infaq, shodaqoh and humanitarian funds. (3) Establish partnerships with both private institutions, government or other social institutions in reducing social problems in the community. Keywords : cash management 

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