scholarly journals Proper names in marginal notes to a 17th century Romanian translation of the Old Testament (ms. no. 4389 B.A.R.)

Diacronia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana-Maria Gînsac ◽  
Mădălina Ungureanu
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Romanian Academy ◽  
Complete Translation ◽  
Translation Errors

Translating proper names in earlier Romanian versions of the Bible raised different challenges. Some of them were solved in the main text, some other in marginal notes. Such notes are to be found in the second complete translation of the Old Testament into Romanian, kept in the manuscript no. 4389 from the Romanian Academy Library and dated in the second half of the 17th century. The marginal notes from this old Romanian translation refer to the relation of the text with its Slavonic source, in terms of correcting the translation errors, with the secondary sources (in Latin, Romanian, and Greek), pointing to some denomination models different from the main source, and with the linguistic norm of the translated text, in terms of grammatical and lexical adaptations to the system and vocabulary of Romanian. This article explores the strategies related to the translation into Romanian of biblical names based on their treatment in the marginal notes of the mentioned text; it also aims at clarifying, as far as possible, the sources and how the translator relates to them.

scholarly journals “DAVID PSALMS” BY TARAS SHEVCHENKO AND LINA KOSTENKO IN THE ASPECT OF INTERTEXTUALITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
L. A. Cherednуk
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Scientific Intelligence ◽  
Biblical Text ◽  
World Culture ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Levels

The article discusses intertextuality as a specific feature of fiction of the XIX-XXI centuries, is a peculiar communication code of the author with the reader, helps him to understand not only himself, but also the world in which he lives. Intertext appears in works of literature in the form of citations, allusions, reminiscences, parodies and imitations of other people's stylistic properties. Scientific intelligence analyzes the features of the structure of the Book of Psalms, which is one of the books of the Old Testament of the Bible, addresses the problem of authorship of a monument to world culture. The article analyzes separate poems from the cycle David of Psalms, which both artists have. Of course, each of the poets can trace the interpretation of the biblical text of an outstanding literary and cultural attraction. In the process of analysis, it was found that T. Shevchenko’s works are characterized by deep connections with ancient culture, Slavic mythology, and many European literatures. The “David Psalms” cycle of modern Ukrainian poetess Lina Kostenko is full of modern realities, acute social conflicts, which is a feature of the poetess’s creative manner. It is defined as the original features of the biblical text copying by each writer, and the presence of common features. It is established that in the works of both poets, despite the difference in time, metaphysical ideas take place, reflecting universal moral and ethical principles, opposing the concepts of “good – evil”, “truth – untruth”, “glory – hula”, are widely used Church Slavonic dictionary, there are elements of introspection. The works of Taras Shevchenko and Lina Kostenko are full of deep feelings about contemporary being, creating a unique image of a literary hero, which is a reflection of the author's position. Entering into the main text the motives of intertextuality allows you to create a unique idiostyle of both artists at different levels of literary reception.

scholarly journals On marginal notes in the first Romanian unabridged version of the Septuagint (Ms. 45 kept in the Cluj branch of the Romanian Academy Library)

Diacronia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mădălina Ungureanu
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Book Of Job ◽  
History Of ◽  
Romanian Academy ◽  
Book Of Genesis

Ms. 45, kept in the Cluj branch of the Romanian Academy Library, contains the oldest complete Romanian translation of the Septuagint version of the Old Testament preserved until today, carried out by Nicolae Milescu Spătarul in the second half of the 17th century. The history of this text is only partially deciphered; it is known that the manuscript does not contain the translation as such, but a revised version of it. Both the identity of the reviser, and the trajectory followed by the text after this first processing are still subject of debate. This paper aims to study the inventory of marginal notes in two biblical books of the manuscript, namely the Book of Genesis and the Book of Job, trying to establish a typology. This is a first step towards a highly necessary approach, the study of the whole inventory of notes, which could contribute to clarifying aspects of the history of the text that are still insufficiently explored.

scholarly journals LUTERO E A CENTRALIDADE DE CRISTO NA EXEGESE, NA REFLEXÃO TEOLÓGICA E NA PREGAÇÃO

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Cesar Motta Rios
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Theological Reflection ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
What Is Said ◽  
The Bible

O pensamento de Lutero é marcadamente cristocêntrico. Embora essa afirmação não requeira imediatamente muita defesa, para uma maior compreensão daquilo que está dito, é indispensável uma consideração cuidadosa. Esta tarefa é assumida neste trabalho. Inicialmente, procuro definir a perspectiva a partir da qual reflito, negando-me a uma postura de admiração ingênua diante do reformador, o que impossibilitaria a argúcia necessária para uma reflexão acadêmica. Em seguida, observo a forma como Lutero lia a Bíblia, especialmente o Antigo Testamento, tendo Cristo sempre em vista, encontrando-o como assunto nos textos inclusive. Passo, então, a uma observação do lugar de Cristo na reflexão teológica de Lutero. Logo, observo brevemente como isso repercute na pregação. Constato que a abordagem de Lutero é relevante para a atualidade. A pesquisa que dá origem a este texto se realiza a partir do estudo de fontes primárias, acrescido do diálogo com fontes secundárias. LUTHER AND THE CENTRALITY OF CHRIST IN EXEGESIS, IN THEOLOGICAL REFLECTION AND IN PREACHING Luther's thought is markedly Christocentric. Although this assertion does not immediately require much defense, for a greater understanding of what is said, careful consideration is indispensable. This task is assumed in this work. Initially, I try to define the perspective from which I reflect, denying myself a posture of naïve admiration before the reformer, which would restrain the shrewdness needed for the scholarly thought. Then I see how Luther read the Bible, especially the Old Testament, having Christ always in view, finding Him as a subject in the texts even. I then turn to an observation of Christ's place in Luther's theological reflection. Next, I briefly observe how this affects the preaching. I note that Luther's approach is relevant to the present. The research that gives origin to this text is realized through the study of primary sources, plus the dialogue with secondary sources.

scholarly journals PARATEXTS IN TRANSLATIONS OF CANONICAL TEXTS (THE CASE OF THE BIBLE IN LATVIAN)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Andrejs Veisbergs
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Linguistic Information ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Historical Information ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Units Of Measurement ◽  
Canonical Text ◽  
Canonical Texts

The paper discusses paratexts, their use and prevalence in translations of the Bible in Latvian, with a particular focus on the last translation that was published in 2012. Paratexts are used to improve the perception of the main text and may include introductions, prefaces, postfaces, footnotes, side notes (marginalia), endnotes, glossaries, indexes and appendixes. Though the translation of the Bible, being a canonical text, is subject to various limitations, there is an increasing tendency to use more footnotes to explain various phenomena: information about the original texts, different variants of the Bible manuscripts, the existence or nonexistence of some verses; cultural words and facts – explanations about units of measurement, old objects, concepts, geographical and historical information; linguistic information: explanations of polysemy, decoding of words, etymologies of place names, semantics, wordplay; and alternative translations offered by the translator. The author suggests a glossary that could inform the reader of the Biblical characters, place names and the new transcription of many proper names. Footnotes could then dwell on linguistic issues.

Bible translation as mediator of Hebrew impact on target languages: the Estonian bible translation by Johannes Gutslaff

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
Kristiina Ross
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Bible Translation ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Hebrew Version ◽  
Target Languages ◽  
Manuscript Dating ◽  
Pure Target

The full version of the Bible was first published in Estonian in 1739. In comparison with the neighbouring Protestant countries this is a very late date. However, serious attempts to translate the Bible into Estonian were made already in the 17th century. There are two manuscripts from the 17th century which contain translations of the Old Testament. The older manuscript dating from the middle of the century has been – unlike e.g. the Finnish Bible which had been translated from Luther’s German version – translated directly from Hebrew, by Johannes Gutslaff. Also the 1739 Estonian version was translated directly from the Hebrew version. As is widely known, Luther was of the opinion that a translator should not follow the structure of the source language&&instead, he must use the fluent and pure target language. The Estonian translations followed strictly the Hebrew version, which resulted in the fact that still today, Estonian phraseology has Hebrew influence.

scholarly journals Nierząd i inne „grzechy ohydne” w tłumaczeniach Biblii: eufemizacje i retusze w Mt 5,32, Mt 9,19 i Kpł 20,10-21

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (48) ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
Jerzy Brzozowski
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Sexual Relations ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Bible Translations ◽  
The Bible

Fornication and Other “Awful Sins” in the Bible Translations. Euphemisms and Alterations on Matt 5:32, 9:19 and Lev 20:10-21 The paper shows confusion of theologians – both catholic and protestant – in all Polish and many other translations of fragments related to sexual relations, especially these contacts which were recognised uniquely as a cause of divorce. The considered translations tend to use archaic, euphemistic or imprecise vocabulary in the main text, adding often confusing and linguistically unacceptable footnotes. On the contrary, the analysed Italian and French translations are clear and intelligible. The Author shows, nevertheless, that the existing translations – not only in Polish, but also in Italian and French – of the Greek word porneia used in the Gospels are incoherent with those in the Old Testament, which is unacceptable. The Author also claims, on the basis of analysed texts, that even the best footnotes cannot replace a clear and intelligible translation in the main text.

The Concept of Palestine: The Conception Of Palestine from the Late Bronze Age to the Modern Period

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Masalha
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Political Geography ◽  
Classical Antiquity ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Collective Consciousness ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Master Narratives ◽  
The Bible ◽  
School History

The Concept of Palestine is deeply rooted in the collective consciousness of the indigenous people of Palestine and the multicultural ancient past. The name Palestine is the most commonly used from the Late Bronze Age (from 1300 BCE) onwards. The name Palestine is evident in countless histories, inscriptions, maps and coins from antiquity, medieval and modern Palestine. From the Late Bronze Age onwards the names used for the region, such as Djahi, Retenu and Cana'an, all gave way to the name Palestine. Throughout Classical Antiquity the name Palestine remained the most common and during the Roman, Byzantine and Islamic periods the concept and political geography of Palestine acquired official administrative status. This article sets out to explain the historical origins of the concept of Palestine and the evolving political geography of the country. It will seek to demonstrate how the name ‘Palestine’ (rather than the term ‘Cana'an’) was most commonly and formally used in ancient history. It argues that the legend of the ‘Israelites’ conquest of Cana'an’ and other master narratives of the Bible evolved across many centuries; they are myth-narratives, not evidence-based accurate history. It further argues that academic and school history curricula should be based on historical facts/empirical evidence/archaeological discoveries – not on master narratives or Old Testament sacred-history and religio-ideological constructs.

Witches and Forgers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Mandelbrote
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
The Bible ◽  
God's Word ◽  
1 Samuel ◽  
The Witch

Scepticism and loyalty represent the poles of van Dale’s career. Two contexts have been mentioned as relevant here: the seventeenth-century attack on magic and superstition, and the circles of friendship that created a contemporary Republic of Letters. This chapter evaluates both contexts, as well as others that may throw light on his relatively neglected attitude to the text of the Bible. It brings into focus two important intellectual episodes: his treatment of the account of the Witch of Endor (1 Samuel 28:3–25), and his engagement with Hellenistic sources relating to the text of the Old Testament, especially to the miraculous composition of the Septuagint. These issues brought van Dale to ask questions about God’s Word. The chapter explores the limits of his scepticism, the extent of his scholarship, and the role of friendship and isolation in his development. Finally, it draws attention to his place in contemporary Mennonite debates.

Spinoza and Biblical Philology in the Dutch Republic, 1660-1710

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jetze Touber
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Dutch Reformed ◽  
Dutch Republic ◽  
Biblical Criticism ◽  
Ecclesiastical History ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
Dutch Golden Age

This book investigates the biblical criticism of Spinoza from the perspective of the Dutch Reformed society in which the philosopher lived and worked. It focusses on philological investigation of the Bible: its words, its language, and the historical context in which it originated. The book charts contested issues of biblical philology in mainstream Dutch Calvinism, to determine whether Spinoza’s work on the Bible had any bearing on the Reformed understanding of the way society should engage with Scripture. Spinoza has received massive attention, both inside and outside academia. His unconventional interpretation of the Old Testament passages has been examined repeatedly over the decades. So has that of fellow ‘radicals’ (rationalists, radicals, deists, libertines, enthusiasts), against the backdrop of a society that is assumed to have been hostile, overwhelmed, static, and uniform. This book inverts this perspective and looks at how the Dutch Republic digested biblical philology and biblical criticism, including that of Spinoza. It takes into account the highly neglected area of the Reformed ministry and theology of the Dutch Golden Age. The result is that Dutch ecclesiastical history, up until now the preserve of the partisan scholarship of confessionalized church historians, is brought into dialogue with Early Modern intellectual currents. This book concludes that Spinoza, rather than simply pushing biblical scholarship in the direction of modernity, acted in an indirect way upon ongoing debates in Dutch society, shifting trends in those debates, but not always in the same direction, and not always equally profoundly, at all times, on all levels.

scholarly journals A silent unheard voice in the Old Testament: The Cushite woman whom Moses married in Numbers 12:1–10

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Adamo
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
African Women ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Women In The Bible ◽  
The Bible

Most of the time, women’s names are not mentioned, words are not put in their mouths or they are not allowed to say a word, and their achievements are behind the scene in the narratives. Passages that mention the presence and contribution of African women in the Bible are especially neglected, perhaps because there are few African women biblical scholars and also deep prejudices against women. References to the African wife of Moses (Numbers 12) are so scanty in the Bible that very few critical biblical scholars noticed them. The purpose of this article is to discuss critically the narrative of the Cushite woman whom Moses married and her marginalisation by the author of the story in Numbers 12:1-10. The narrator of the text did not only refuse to give her a name, there is no single word put in her mouth despite the dominant and significant role her presence played in the narrative. Why is she silent and what does her silence mean? The answers to these questions are discussed in this article.

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