HOFFMANN’S REMINISCENCES IN THE NOVEL “THE COLLECTOR” BY J. FOWLES (SCIENTIFIC AND METHODICAL MATERIALS TO THE STUDY OF J. FOWLES’ NOVEL “THE COLLECTOR” IN HEI)

The article deals with the artistic echoes of the ideas of the German romantic author E.T.A. Goffman in the novel “The Collector” by the English postmodernist J. Fowles. The aim of the study is to prove that Hoffmann’s concept of dividing people into inhabitants and artists, burghers and creative persons, ordinary and elected ones, i.e., philistines and enthusiasts, found its artistic echo in the images and situations of the novel “The Collector” by J. Fowles; as well as to generalize and adapt scientific and theoretical material on this problem to the students of philology while their preparation for practical and seminar classes. The research methodology is to extrapolate Hoffman’s concept of enthusiasts and philistines to the text of the “Collector”, as well as to determine the confrontation between these two types of people as one of the leading themes of Fowles’ novel. Research results. It is emphasized that Hoffman has divided all his characters into two unequal groups: enthusiasts and philistines. It is established that in Hoffmann’s stories the world of enthusiasts symbolizes full of life existence with all the richness of ideas, emotions, contradictory and complex feelings typical for a search person; the world of philistines, instead, personifies a dim imitation of a real life, i.e. a “mechanized” existence, in which there is no creative impulses, creative initiative. In his works Hoffman warns mankind of the danger of such existence emphasizing the need to protect the world of enthusiasts. It is proved that Hoffman’s thoughts were prophesied. Less than 150 years later, their echo has found its artistic reflection in the works of modern English writer John Fowles, in particular in the novel “The Collector”. In the images of the protagonists Miranda and Frederick Clegg, John Fowles depicted two opposite worlds, which are considered a symbolic continuation of the confrontation of Hoffmann’s enthusiasts and philistines. Miranda represents a modern type of enthusiast, a search person who is choked with emotions and feelings, intuitively realizing that this is the meaning of her life. Clegg generalizes a modern type of a philistine – an ambitious, limited tyrant, full of hidden malice and hatred for those who are spiritually richer and smarter. Hoffman’s warnings have also come to the fore in the fact that philistines can make enthusiasts their victims, as it is illustrated in the novel on the example of the tragic fate of Miranda. Scientific novelty. Reminiscences of Hoffmann’s ideas about the confrontation between enthusiasts and philistines, generalized in the images and types of “The Collector” by J. Fowles, reminding of the eternal antagonism between love and hatred, good and evil, creative living principles and a mundane existence, constitute the scientific novelty of this article. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used for further research of J. Fowles’ literary heritage. The article will be also useful for the students of philology while their preparation for seminars and practical classes.

SOME ONTOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF MODERN HUMANITARY COMMUNICATION

This scientific article presents an integrated approach to the study of some ontological aspects of modern humanitary communication. Each phenomenon in science life has fundamental basis and modern humanitary communication is not an exception, because it has own invariable ontological basis of origin, existence and development. Professional communication in the humanities is based on immanent constituents that bear multifaceted ontological reflection to be investigated with a view to objectivise truth. Modern professional communication in the Humanities has a number of immanent constituents among which the leading place is taken by the linguistic process of philosophy of history and pragmatics as some of the sources the development of science. Modern humanitary communication is based on ontological peculiarities, regularities of its origin, existence and development. If one does not pay enough attention to the ontological aspects in research of the communicative process together with the anthropocentrism and humanism, it results in the one-sided enlightenment of relevant problems, connected with the humanitarian communication of the present time. The philosophical and linguo-psychological lexical units perform in German texts and discourses sometimes an expressive function and various connotations. They serve as vehicle of expressing pragmatic traits of corresponding notions owing to their being euphonious and exotic in our modern life. Particular attention is paid to the way of the linguistic, pragmatic and philosophical mental intelligence strategies that characterise the speaker/writer as an authoritative linguistic personality. Emphasized here are discursive and interpretive strategies tactics used to construct a cooperative scholarly communication, which sometimes depend on epochal intelligence, political, cultural, immanent philosophical peculiarities and development of present nation and civilization.

PECULIARITIES OF INTERTEXT AND INTERCULTURE PARADIGM OF JOSEPH ROT PROSE

The article analyses interpretation of Joseph Roth prose in the context of intertextuality as a literary means. It is determined by the author’s strategy and studied the aesthetic issues that are fundamental to his work. Intertextuality proves a postmodern phenomenon of reinterpretation of classic and new texts, giving them new meanings and establishing parallels with modern literature, which is reflected in an adequate interpretation of their genre and stylistic forms, the interpretation of philosophical concepts, iconic fictional and aesthetic phenomena. So in fiction there is an additional dimension – intercultural component of the artistic world of the text. This theoretical approach is extremely productive, especially in the study of works of those authors; the arts are rooted in different spheres of human existence, formed on the border of their own cultures, languages, historical and national traditions. A good representative of “intercultural” narrative strategy is Joseph Roth. Thus, under conditions of intertextual interaction, the literary work becomes part of a broad intertextual space that covers not only literary, but also outside of literature forms of expression, and any text is in various “dialogical” relations with other texts that fill this space with different language codes that are represented in this space.

TEACHING ENGLISH PROFESSIONAL WRITING TO STUDENTS OF DESIGN AND FINE ARTS

The article deals with the problem of teaching students of Design and Fine Arts to write texts for professional purposes. The authors consider modern methods and activities for teaching writing. The authors underline the role of writing in teaching a foreign language that has gradually increased and considered as a reserve for improving the efficiency of teaching a foreign language. Stress is done on the importance for every educated modern person to produce different kinds of written texts for professional purposes. Modern advances in the field of information and communication technologies and the enormous popularity of using various social networks changed the attitude to writing. The importance of using information and communication technologies in teaching writing is considered. The authors suggest the following activities for improving and developing the acquired at school skills for writing texts. To improve the skills of writing annotations exercises are recommended. Activities for writing reports on videos are suggested. To master the skills of describing photos or paintings it is recommended to visit some sites. The authors recommend to make presentations on the given subjects. All the activities were successfully tested at English classes.

POSITIVISM VS NEGATIVISM AS AN ARTISTIC IMPULSE (COMPARATIVE APPROACH TO IVAN BAHRIANYI AND GEORGE ORWELL WORKS)

The given article deals with the problem of comparison of literary and political works of Ivan Bahrianyi and George Orwell, as well as with an objective to prove that these two writers make up a far from random parallel for comparison. On the basis of scientific works it proves that one can trace a genetic similarity in the main ideas highlighted in a number of works by these two writers. Both of them had a kind of indirect dialogue on the topics of freedom, equality and struggle against anti-humane regimes. The article also highlights the fact that there is more to the indirect dialogue of Ivan Bahrianyi and George Orwell than it seems. Biographical insight used for the research proves that both men faced similar struggles in their lives, their political views were really close and their interpretation of the ongoing events serves as evidence. Consequently the article brings to attention the fact that biographies of the writers might become a key for understanding their works and positions. Another fact to support the above-given idea is that both writers use their own lives and personal experience as a basis for literary interpretation; this was proved by the researches of both George Orwell and Ivan Bahrianyi literary heritage. As a result we can research their works from the point of comparative typology in synchrony on the double grounds: the indirect dialogue about crucial human problems (mainly a solitary personal struggle against totalitarian regime) as well as usage of a similar artistic method to bring it to their audience. The article deals with the problem of freedom as a core problem highlighted in literary and political works of Ivan Bahrianyi and George Orwell. It traces similarities and differences in the authors’ perception of the notion and ways it changes in various circumstances. It proves that the Ukrainian author pays more attention to the national aspect of freedom than his British counterpart does, which might be explained both by the differences in the worldviews (Ivan Bahranyj always defined himself as a socialistic patriot, while George Orwell often was perceived as a generalist and the citizen of the world) and by the political conditions of the nations the writers represent. In terms of personal freedom both authors claim it to be a crucial value for every person as it is closely connected with notions of dignity, self-respect, dreams realization etc. and defines the very existence of humankind. Generally the article emphasizes the role and place of the writers in the anti-totalitarian discourse of the XX century. It draws attention to the fact that Ivan Bahrianyi and George Orwell devoted all their lives and literary efforts to the struggle for a free personality, who is not to be oppressed by any political regime. To achieve this goal they employed completely opposite methods, using positivism and negativism consequently as their basic artistic impulses. Though their ways of describing world phenomena were different the impact of their works and recipients’ perception of their main ideas is the same.

EXTENSIVE APHORISMS USAGE AS A STYLISTIC FEATURE OF THE NOVEL “KRYNYCHAR” (“DIIARIIUSH NAIBAHATSHOGO CHOLOVIKA MUKACHIVSKOII DOMINII”) BY MYROSLAV DOCHYNETS

This article deals with aphorisms as a stylistic dominant feature of the novel “Krunychar” by Myroslav Dochynets. The main objective of the article is to single out peculiarities of the literary thinking of the author. The writer combines thematic and semantic-stylistic types of philosophic aphorisms. The article uses main principles of comparative and descriptive methods. The article discovers that philosophic aphorisms can be clearly divided into several thematic groups.

IHOR KOSTETSKYI AND EUGENE IONESKO: TYPOLOGY OF ARTISTIC THINKING

The article deals with the works of such famous playwrights as Ihor Kostetskyi and Eugene Ionesco. The comparison of the work of the Ukrainian playwright with the dramatic works of the world level made it possible to distinguish the laws that show that Ihor Kostetskyi's drama is a multi-faceted and ambiguous phenomenon in the literary process of the second half of the twentieth century. The study of the peculiarities of the literary heritage of I. Kostetskyi involves a profound analysis of the influence of the emigration factor on creative process of the writer. His close interweaving of universal, national, and moral issues was caused by life in emigration and the loss of Ukraine. The combination of Ukrainian mentality with the understanding of the philosophical concepts of the West allowed the playwright-emigrant to consider social and moral problems more panoramic. Using techniques such as phantasmagority of individual scenes, deconstructivistic distrust to language, the destruction of syntactics and paradigmatics and logical structural connections in some places allows us to characterize the poetics of I. Koste-tskyi’s style as an absurdity experiment based on the drama of the Baroque era.In the result of comparison of the heritage of Eugen Ionesco and Ihor Kostetskyi the author found that both dramatists rejected the canons of classical drama with its traditional plot, experimented with the form of works, the language of characters. The artistic material of their dramatic works unfolds through absurd situations that contrast with the world of reality.One of the problems raised by the authors is the problem of human communicability, which leads to leveling of the personality. Their verbal experiments are one of the factors in the creation of new generations of heroes. The dramatists did not abandon one of the main problems of existentialism - time as characteristics of human being.

PROSODIC COMMUNICATIVE COMPONENTS OF NON-VERBAL BEHAVIOUR OF THE SERIAL KILLER CHARACTERS IN THE AMERICAN PROSE OF THE XX CENTURY

Thе article focuses on the study of nonverbal behavior of serial killer characters, including prosodic communicative components. Research is carried out on the material of the American thrillers of the XX century, including Robert Bloch’s trilogy «Psycho», «Psycho II» and «Psycho House», B. E. Ellis «American psycho», S. King «Misery», T. Harris «The silence of the lambs», P. Highmith «The Talented Mr. Ripley» and J. Paterson «Along Came a Spider». Prosodic components such as coughing, speech errors, pauses are analysed. Findings show that coughing is aimed at attracting attention; speech errors point to the discrepancy between the words and thoughts of the serial killer characters; pauses are used to increase the time for reflection before the next statement. The combination of prosodic component with other non-verbal elements, as well as its interaction with verbal components is studied.

HUMOR IN «BROOKLYN 9-9» SERIES. TRANSLATION ASPECT

The article outlines the peculiarities of humor of the original cinematic texts in «Brooklyn 9-9» series and their translation, as well as analyzes the most typical errors and causes of their occurrence. The «Brooklyn 9-9» series is full of jokes that can be classified as dark or so-called black humor. In the cinematic discourse films filled with such kind of humor are called black comedies. The latter is well-deservedly considered to be one of the most difficult genres of cinema. It is iconic for black comedies to incorporate jokes about different sacred things, such as race, human nature, diseases, funerals, disabilities, death, values and desires whilst this kind of humor is usually forbidden in a more formal setting. When working with cinematic text containing elements of black humor, a translator faces a serious number of problems and tasks. To render a source text into a target language adequately, it is important to identify the genre-stylistic dominant of the cinematic text, and to reproduce story-forming speech acts in different contexts. For black comedy cinematic texts chronotopic, characterological, compositional and lexical-semantic contexts will be relevant. According to these, the examples of black humor and puns in «Brooklyn 9-9» series were analyzed.

“DAVID PSALMS” BY TARAS SHEVCHENKO AND LINA KOSTENKO IN THE ASPECT OF INTERTEXTUALITY

The article discusses intertextuality as a specific feature of fiction of the XIX-XXI centuries, is a peculiar communication code of the author with the reader, helps him to understand not only himself, but also the world in which he lives. Intertext appears in works of literature in the form of citations, allusions, reminiscences, parodies and imitations of other people's stylistic properties. Scientific intelligence analyzes the features of the structure of the Book of Psalms, which is one of the books of the Old Testament of the Bible, addresses the problem of authorship of a monument to world culture. The article analyzes separate poems from the cycle David of Psalms, which both artists have. Of course, each of the poets can trace the interpretation of the biblical text of an outstanding literary and cultural attraction. In the process of analysis, it was found that T. Shevchenko’s works are characterized by deep connections with ancient culture, Slavic mythology, and many European literatures. The “David Psalms” cycle of modern Ukrainian poetess Lina Kostenko is full of modern realities, acute social conflicts, which is a feature of the poetess’s creative manner. It is defined as the original features of the biblical text copying by each writer, and the presence of common features. It is established that in the works of both poets, despite the difference in time, metaphysical ideas take place, reflecting universal moral and ethical principles, opposing the concepts of “good – evil”, “truth – untruth”, “glory – hula”, are widely used Church Slavonic dictionary, there are elements of introspection. The works of Taras Shevchenko and Lina Kostenko are full of deep feelings about contemporary being, creating a unique image of a literary hero, which is a reflection of the author's position. Entering into the main text the motives of intertextuality allows you to create a unique idiostyle of both artists at different levels of literary reception.