A Multidisciplinary Study of Burial Mounds and a Reconstruction of the Climate of the Turan-Uyuk Depression, Tuva, During the Scythian Period

We present a radiocarbon chronology of key Sayan-Altai monuments from the Scythian period, based on a statistical analysis of dates produced in the 1980s and now supplemented with new dates. These new 14C dates were produced for samples from the Tuekta-1 barrows (burial mounds) and were measured both in St. Petersburg and Groningen. These tree-ring samples were fitted to the calibration curve. Chronologies were established for the Arzhan, Tuekta-1 and Pazyryk-5 barrows. The time of the construction of the Arzhan and Pazyryk-5 barrows is the 9th and late 5th–4th centuries bc, respectively, and agrees with archaeology. According to new data obtained, the time of the Tuekta-1 barrow construction is some years older than has been accepted thus far by archaeologists.

Download Full-text

Academician G. F. Miller and the Treasures from Litoi Kurgan

Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia ◽

10.1163/092907707x255764 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 13 (3-4) ◽

pp. 193-224

Author(s):

Irina Tunkina

Keyword(s):

Second World War ◽

Northern Caucasus ◽

Burial Mound ◽

World War ◽

Separate Branch ◽

Burial Mounds ◽

Scythian Period ◽

Academy Of Sciences ◽

Metal Work ◽

Second World

AbstractThe burial-mound "Litoi Kurgan" was excavated in 1763 on the instructions of Lieutenant-General A.P. Mel'gunov 30 metres from the fortress of Saint Elizabeth (now known as Kirovograd, Ukraine). It cotained an assemblage of gold and silver articles of the Early Scythian period: examples of oriental metal-work and articles which had been fashioned in the traditions of the Scythian Animal Style. The prestigious nature of these finds was on a par with the grave-goods found in royal Scythian burial-mounds. The artefacts were presented to Empress Catherine II, who commanded that Academician G.F. Miller (1705-1783) should draw up a description of them and that they should be held in the Kunstkammer of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. One hundred years later the hoard was transferred in installments to the Hermitage Museum. In this article information regarding the assemblage from the Litoi Kurgan site is pieced together on the basis of archive documents and publications dating from the 18th and 19th century. Modern interpretations of this information and attempts to date the finds are also included: some of the artefacts were transferred from the Hermitage to museums in Kharkov and then lost during the Second World War. It is precisely with the excavations of the Litoi Kurgan burial-mound that the birth of a separate branch of archaeology is associated – namely Scythian studies. Litoi Kurgan is one of the sites from the Scythian Archaic period, which link together the Dnieper region and the Northern Caucasus. It is possible that it is a cenotaph burial-mound associated with the era of the Scythian campaigns into the Near East and dating from the second half of the 7th century BC.

Download Full-text

Scythian monuments of Leninsky area explored on “Tavrida” road

10.25681/iaras.2018.978-5-94375-251-3.190-200 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

И.В. Рукавишникова ◽

М.Ю. Меньшиков ◽

И.А. Резниченко ◽

Н.Ю. Горболь

Keyword(s):

Kerch Peninsula ◽

Eastern Crimea ◽

Burial Mounds ◽

Scythian Period

This article is dedicated to the exploring of burials of the Scythian period in the Eastern Crimea. Four burial mounds were discovered during the safety archaeological researches. These kurgans were contained burials of V-III centuries BC. The text describes the funerary structures and elements of the rituals of the ordinary population of the Kerch peninsula.

Download Full-text

Investigations Into the Monuments of the Scythian Period From the Ukrainian Forest-Steppe (1980-1990)

Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia ◽

10.1163/157005794x00309 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 54-56

Author(s):

S.A. Skoryj

Keyword(s):

Forest Steppe ◽

Left Bank ◽

Burial Mounds ◽

Scythian Period ◽

Intensive Investigation ◽

The Right

AbstractExcavations on the right bank of the Dnieper have focused on the basins of the Tyasmin and Ross' rivers in the Kiev and Cherkassy regions. Here there has been intensive excavation of burial mounds (complexes at Tsvetkovo/Zhabotin/Flyarkovo, Lisovichi/Petrovskoe, Ivanovka/Stanislavchik/Ksaverovo/Yasnogore'e, Medvin), less intensive investigation of settlements (Mlynok, Kanev, Matroninskoe). On the left bank of the Dnieper research has concentrated on the Vorskla basin (Poltava region) and in the Cherkassy region. Here settlements (e.g. Bel'skoe/Helon) have received more attention than burials (e.g. at Gladkovshchina).

Download Full-text

Necropoli o santuari?

Antichistica - Élites e cultura ◽

10.30687/978-88-6969-328-1/007 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Lorenzo Crescioli

Keyword(s):

Iron Age ◽

Rock Art ◽

Religious Community ◽

Religious Practices ◽

Interesting Phenomenon ◽

The Social ◽

Burial Mounds ◽

Scythian Period

Beliefs and religious practices of the steppes people between the Bronze and the Iron Age represent one of the most interesting aspects of these cultures, which spread over a huge and highly varied territory. They are characterised by a series of local expressions, in which Iranian and Zoroastrian influences do not affect the originality of the sanctuaries and of the relevant religious practices. These are sometimes difficult to interpret, as for example the Kirighsuur and Deer Stones contexts, or rock art sites: these introduce very complex and highly debated issues, which are difficult to be fully understood, as for instance the question of shamanism. The most interesting phenomenon of the Iron Age (Scythian period) consists of massive burial mounds, that seem to acquire the role of real sanctuaries, which are strongly related to the landscape and to the natural elements, thus becoming the focus for the social and religious community. This hypothesis is proposed by some scholars, who argue that it may be supported by Herodotus’ description of the sanctuary of Ares.

Download Full-text

New Pre-Scythian Burials from the Volgograd Region. Interpretation Problems

Nizhnevolzhskiy Arheologicheskiy Vestnik ◽

10.15688/nav.jvolsu.2021.1.3 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 39-50

Author(s):

Alexandr Dyachenko ◽

Keyword(s):

Bronze Age ◽

Iron Age ◽

Volga Region ◽

Late Bronze Age ◽

Lower Volga Region ◽

Funeral Rite ◽

Lower Volga ◽

Volgograd Region ◽

Burial Mounds ◽

Scythian Period

The article is devoted to the publication and analysis of new burial materials of the pre-Scythian period (9th – 7th centuries BC), obtained as a result of excavations of several burial mounds in the Volgograd region. The work was carried out by the expedition of Volgograd State University from the end of the past to the beginning of the present century. The burial mounds were located on the coastal terraces of the Don river and some of its tributaries, as well as on the steppe watersheds associated with the Don basin. The sample includes seven pre-Scythian burials, the burial rite and clothing material of which allows us to correlate them with the previously discovered monuments of the Chernogorovskaya Culture of the southern Russian steppes and date them within the boundaries of the initial stage of the early Iron Age. According to archaeological and anthropological data, various components were involved in the formation of this culture in the Lower Volga region and the neighbouring Don and the Volga-Ural regions. The basis was autochthonous substrates of the Late Bronze Age, as well as cultural formations derived from them at the final stage of the Late Bronze Age. The combination of local and imported cultural traditions is also reflected in the grave inventory of the studied series, especially in the ceramic complex, which shows technological and typological features of various origin. The variety of elements of the funeral rite and the mixed nature of the accompanying inventory of the presented burial series reflect the complex processes of cultural genesis in the Lower Volga region in the pre-Scythian period during transition to a nomadic economy.

Download Full-text

INVESTIGATION OF THE EARLY IRON AGE MOUNDS IN THE BASIN OF THE ROS RIVER

Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine ◽

10.37445/adiu.2018.02.18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 251-263

Author(s):

V. V. Romanyuk ◽

D. S. Grechko ◽

O. D. Mogylov

Keyword(s):

Iron Age ◽

Early Iron Age ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Natural Boundary ◽

Burned Bones ◽

Burial Mounds ◽

Scythian Period ◽

Secondary Burial ◽

The Village

The paper is devoted to the publication of materials of two early Iron Age burial mounds in Porossya on the territory of the Dnieper Right Bank Forest-Steppe. Monuments were located near the Lysa Gora natural boundary and the village Novoselytsya near Tarascha. Small barrows with a height about 0.5—0.65 m and a diameter near 10—14 m contained burials in rectangular graves with a small entrances. Above on them the special ground areas were constructed, then they were covered with a mound. The burial ceremony could be either incomplete cremation on the site of the mound, or the secondary burial of burned bones. Complexes can be dated by the pre-Scythian time or the beginning of the early Scythian period, and belong to the local settled population.

Download Full-text

Chronology of the Burial Finds from Scythian Monuments in Southern Siberia and Central Asia

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s003382220001866x ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 713-720 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. A. Sementsov ◽

G. I. Zaitseva ◽

J. Görsdorf ◽

A. Nagler ◽

H. Parzinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Asia ◽

Time Scale ◽

Final Stage ◽

Archaeological Evidence ◽

Radiocarbon Dates ◽

Southern Siberia ◽

Starting Time ◽

Burial Mounds ◽

Scythian Period

We present here new radiocarbon dates for the different barrows (burial mounds) of the nomadic tribes of the Scythian period in the Khakassia and Tuva regions (Central Asia). The time scale of these barrows is compared with the elite barrows of the Sayan-Altai. In agreement with archaeological evidence, some barrows in Khakassia are chronologically close in time to the Arzhan barrow. The first 14C dates produced for the barrows from the Tuva region belong to a later Scythian period, compared with the elite Arzhan barrow. We determined the final stage of the barrow construction, but to establish the starting time, more dates are necessary (both by dendrochronology and 14C).

Download Full-text

Multidisciplinary management of vascular access for haemodialysis: from the preparation of the initial access to the treatment of stenosis and thrombosis

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000093 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 188-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Reinhold ◽

Haage ◽

Hollenbeck ◽

Mickley ◽

Ranft

Keyword(s):

Vascular Access ◽

Central Venous ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Multidisciplinary Study ◽

First Results ◽

Lower Complication ◽

Lower Complication Rate ◽

Access Problems ◽

Arteriovenous Grafts ◽

The Individual

In February 2008 a multidisciplinary study group was established in Germany to improve the treatment of patients with potential vascular access problems. As one of the first results of their work interdisciplinary recommendations for the management of vascular access were provided, from the creation of the initial access to the treatment of complications. As a rule the wrist arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the access of choice due to its lower complication rate when compared to other types of access. The AVF should be created 3 months prior to the expected start of haemodialysis to allow for sufficient maturation. Second and third choice accesses are arteriovenous grafts (AVG) and central venous catheters (CVC). Ultrasound is a reliable tool for vessel selection before access creation, and also for the diagnosis of complications in AVF and grafts. Access stenosis and thrombosis can be treated surgically and interventionally. The comparison of both methods reveals advantages and disadvantages for each. The therapeutic decision should be based on the individual patients constitution, and also on the availability and experience of the involved specialists.

Download Full-text