Negative Attitude towards Motherhood in Modern Women: Settings and Conditions

The author addresses the issue of attitudes towards motherhood in modern women of reproductive age. The paper focuses on the phenomena that give evidence of unfavorable social tendencies referring to partial or com¬plete withdrawal of women from fulfilling the social role of mother. A study that involved 40 mothers of infants enabled the author to outline significant differences in the subjects' performances of their roles as mothers. For instance, some of the women tended to minimize their participation in caring for the child. The analysis of the reasons for such behavior suggests that they are rooted not so much in the social conditions of the women's lives, but rather in the personalities of the latter. In accordance with the general idea of the research, the author proceeds with a group of childfree women who made a conscious decision not to have children. The study involved 43 women of reproductive age. This time the exploration of reasons behind such refusal revealed a spe¬cific value orientation of the respondents. The author concludes that the development of certain features of personality contributing to an individual's negative attitude towards motherhood may be determined by a number of characteristics typical of the modern sociocultural space.

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The role of orexin A in pathophysiological mechanisms of sleep disorder in postmenopausal women

GYNECOLOGY ◽

10.26442/20795696.2020.1.200038 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 50-54

Author(s):

Zukhra Kh. Ebzieva ◽

Svetlana V. Yureneva ◽

Tatiana Yu. Ivanets

Keyword(s):

Hormone Therapy ◽

Sleep Disorder ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Menopausal Hormone Therapy ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Vasomotor Symptoms ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Orexin A ◽

Group 1

Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of serum orexin A levels in women of different age periods with and without sleep disorder and vasomotor symptoms. To evaluate the dynamics of orexin A levels under menopausal hormone therapy. Materials and methods. The study included 50 postmenopausal women and 30 women of reproductive age with a regular menstrual cycle. Using block randomization, patients are divided into 3 groups: group 1 (main group), n=25, -STRAW+ 10 (+1b and +1c), patients with sleep disorder and vasomotor symptoms; group 2 (comparison group), n=25, STRAW+ 10 (+1b and +1c), patients with vasomotor symptoms without sleep disorder; group 3 (control group), n=30, STRAW+ 10 (-4), women of reproductive age without sleep disorder. Group 1 patients were given menopausal hormone therapy. A comparative analysis was carried out using the questionnaire for assessing menopausal symptoms severity by the Greene Scale (the Greene Climacteric Scale) and Rating Scale for subjective sleep characteristics. After 12 weeks of treatment, a control examination was performed. Results. In group 1 women, the serum orexin A levels were significantly higher compared to the women without the symptoms. The link between the orexin A levels and menopause syndrome severity was established. A significant decrease in the menopausal symptoms severity after 12 weeks of menopausal hormone therapy was shown. It was accompanied by a 1,3-fold decrease in orexin A levels. Conclusions. The obtained data indicate the possible role of orexin A and the orexin neuropeptide system in the pathogenesis of sleep disorder and vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women.

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Synergetic Theory of Document in Evolution of Document Science

Herald of an Archivist ◽

10.28995/2073-0101-2018-4-1060-1068 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1060-1068

Author(s):

Galina A. Dvoenosova ◽

Keyword(s):

Social Role ◽

Scientific Study ◽

Self Organization ◽

Universal Theory ◽

Social Self ◽

Social Goal ◽

The Social ◽

Synergetic Theory ◽

First Time

The article assesses synergetic theory of document as a new development in document science. In information society the social role of document grows, as information involves all members of society in the process of documentation. The transformation of document under the influence of modern information technologies increases its interest to representatives of different sciences. Interdisciplinary nature of document as an object of research leads to an ambiguous interpretation of its nature and social role. The article expresses and contends the author's views on this issue. In her opinion, social role of document is incidental to its being a main social tool regulating the life of civilized society. Thus, the study aims to create a scientific theory of document, explaining its nature and social role as a tool of social (goal-oriented) action and social self-organization. Substantiation of this idea is based on application of synergetics (i.e., universal theory of self-organization) to scientific study of document. In the synergetic paradigm, social and historical development is seen as the change of phases of chaos and order, and document is considered a main tool that regulates social relations. Unlike other theories of document, synergetic theory studies document not as a carrier and means of information transfer, but as a unique social phenomenon and universal social tool. For the first time, the study of document steps out of traditional frameworks of office, archive, and library. The document is placed on the scales with society as a global social system with its functional subsystems of politics, economy, culture, and personality. For the first time, the methods of social sciences and modern sociological theories are applied to scientific study of document. This methodology provided a basis for theoretical vindication of nature and social role of document as a tool of social (goal-oriented) action and social self-organization. The study frames a synergetic theory of document with methodological foundations and basic concepts, synergetic model of document, laws of development and effectiveness of document in the social continuum. At the present stage of development of science, it can be considered the highest form of theoretical knowledge of document and its scientific explanatory theory.

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Rome and the Social Role of Élite Villas in its Suburbs

10.30861/9781407302492 ◽

2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Geoff W. Adams

Keyword(s):

Social Role ◽

The Social

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Historical heritage, archaeological ethics and the social role of archaeology

Российская археология ◽

10.31857/s086960630010955-9 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 125-137

Author(s):

Viktor Schnirelman ◽

Keyword(s):

Social Role ◽

Archaeological Ethics ◽

The Social ◽

Historical Heritage

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Coinage and the Tributary Mode of Production

10.1093/oso/9780198777601.003.0030 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Eduardo Manzano Moreno

Keyword(s):

Roman Empire ◽

Middle Ages ◽

Social Role ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Early Middle Ages ◽

The Social ◽

Simple Question ◽

Mode Of Production

This chapter addresses a very simple question: is it possible to frame coinage in the Early Middle Ages? The answer will be certainly yes, but will also acknowledge that we lack considerable amounts of relevant data potentially available through state-of-the-art methodologies. One problem is, though, that many times we do not really know the relevant questions we can pose on coins; another is that we still have not figured out the social role of coinage in the aftermath of the Roman Empire. This chapter shows a number of things that could only be known thanks to the analysis of coins. And as its title suggests it will also include some reflections on greed and generosity.

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Role of husband’s attitude towards the usage of contraceptives for unmet need of family planning among married women of reproductive age in Pakistan

BMC Women s Health ◽

10.1186/s12905-021-01314-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Farhan Asif ◽

Zahid Pervaiz ◽

Jawad Rahim Afridi ◽

Ghulam Abid ◽

Zohra S. Lassi

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Wealth Quintile ◽

Married Women ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Family Planning Programs ◽

Contraception Use ◽

Wide Range

Abstract Background Family planning services deliver a wide range of benefits to the well-being of females and the community. It can curtail the risk of maternal and neonatal mortality through the reduction in abortions and pregnancies. The government of Pakistan has been struggling to convince people about the usefulness of family planning programs. However, different factors related to social norms, values, and culture are important to determine the success of these programs. One such factor is the patriarchal structure of Pakistani society where most of the household decisions are made by men. The objective of this research is to examine the role of the husband’s attitude towards the usage of contraceptives for the unmet need of family planning (UMNFP) among married women of reproductive age (MWRA) in Pakistan. Method The dataset of Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2017–18 is utilized to examine the role of the husband’s attitude towards the usage of contraceptives in UMNFP among MWRA in Pakistan. Results The UMNFP was considerably lower among MWRA between 40 years and above compared to women 15–19 years. The odds of UMNFP were higher among women and men who were educated up to the primary level compared to those with no education. Odds of UMNFP were higher among women from the poor wealth quintile compared to the poorest wealth quintile; similarly, it was significantly lower among women who were from the richer and the richest wealth quintile compared to the poorest wealth quintile. The odds of UMNFP were lower among women who were employed compared to those who were not employed. Lastly, the odds of UMNFP were higher among women whose husbands opposed to using contraceptives, who perceived that there was a religious prohibition for such use and when a decision on the contraception use was solely made by the husband. Conclusions Husband’s attitude towards the usage of contraceptives is an important predictor of UMNFP. Liaising with the community and religious leaders to persuade people particularly men about the usefulness of family planning programs and encouraging men to understand their women’s say in using contraceptives should be encouraged.

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