scholarly journals Psychosocial and clinical factors of cognitive functioning of patients with coronary heart disease after coronary stent

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.Yu. Schyolkova ◽  
D.A. Eremina
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Memory Disorders ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cerebral Pathology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sick Children

Memory disorders are a common pathology in children with convulsive paroxysms. The present study tested the hypothesis that the pathology of memory in children with paroxysmal states have quantitative and qualitative specificity. The study involved 107 children aged 6–10 years. 59 people had a history of paroxysmal state, 12 people with epileptiform activity on EEG without seizures in history. A comparison group comprised 36 people with residual cerebral pathology without a history of seizures. The study used experimental psychological and neuropsychological research methods memory. The results of empirical studies have shown that increasing importance in the picture of violations mnestic activity in children with convulsive paroxysms addition to short-term verbal memory disorders have impaired short-term visual memory, the phenomenon of amnestic aphasia and modal-nonspecific memory disorders. The degree of short-term verbal memory disorders correlates with the age of onset of seizures, visual memory - with the number of attacks in history. Consideration of the results will allow to organize the process of providing psychological assistance to sick children more effectively.

scholarly journals Pathology of memory in the structure of mental development disorders in children with convulsive paroxysms

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.G. Turovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Memory Disorders ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cerebral Pathology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sick Children

Memory disorders are a common pathology in children with convulsive paroxysms. The present study tested the hypothesis that the pathology of memory in children with paroxysmal states have quantitative and qualitative specificity. The study involved 107 children aged 6-10 years. 59 people had a history of paroxysmal state, 12 people with epileptiform activity on EEG without seizures in history. A comparison group comprised 36 people with residual cerebral pathology without a history of seizures. The study used experimental psychological and neuropsychological research methods memory. The results of empirical studies have shown that increasing importance in the picture of violations mnestic activity in children with convulsive paroxysms addition to short-term verbal memory disorders have impaired short-term visual memory, the phenomenon of amnestic aphasia and modal-nonspecific memory disorders. The degree of short-term verbal memory disorders correlates with the age of onset of seizures, visual memory - with the number of attacks in history. Consideration of the results will allow to organize the process of providing psychological assistance to sick children more effectively.

scholarly journals Cognitive impact in bipolar disorder

2019 ◽  
pp. 052-058
Author(s):  
Bourin Michel
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Cognitive Difficulties ◽  
Speed Of Information Processing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Disability Severity ◽  
Depressive Episodes

It appears that bipolar patients suffer from cognitive difficulties whereas they are in period of thymic stability. These intercritical cognitive difficulties are fairly stable and their severity is correlated with the functional outcome of patients. Nevertheless, the profile of cognitive impairment varies significantly from study to study quantitatively and qualitatively. According to the studies, the authors find difficulties in terms of learning, verbal memory, visual memory, working memory, sustained attention, speed of information processing, functions executive. On the other hand, deficits of general intelligence, motor functions, selective attention, and language are not usually found. One of the reasons for the heterogeneity of results is the difficulty of exploring cognition in bipolar disorder. Many factors must be taken into account, such as the presence of residual mood symptoms, the longitudinal history of the disorder (age of onset, number of episodes due, among others, the neurotoxic impact of depressive episodes and deleterious cognitive effects). (length of hospitalization), level of disability severity, comorbidities (particularly addictive).

Mental Development of Children with Non-epileptic Paroxysmal States in Medical History

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.G. Turovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Epileptic Seizure ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Memory Disorders ◽  
Mental Functions ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Cerebral Pathology ◽  
History Of

The author studied mental functions disorders in children with a history of paroxysmal states of various etiologies and compared mental development disorder patterns in patients with epileptic and non-epileptic paroxysms. Study sample were 107 children, aged 6 to 10 years. The study used experimental psychological and neuropsychological techniques. According to the empirical study results, non-epileptic paroxysms unlike epileptic much less combined with a number of mental functions disorders and intelligence in general. However, non-epileptic paroxysmal states as well as epileptic seizure associated with increasing activity exhaustion and abnormal function of the motor analyzer (dynamic and kinesthetic dyspraxia). Visual memory disorders and modal-nonspecific memory disorders have more pronounced importance in the mental ontogenesis structure in children with convulsive paroxysms compared to children with cerebral pathology without paroxysms history.

scholarly journals Machado-Joseph disease op azorean ancestry in Brazil: the Catarina kindred neurological, neuroimaging, psychiatric and neuropsychological findings in the largest known family, the «Catarina» kindred

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Radvany ◽  
C.H.P. Camargo ◽  
Z.M. Costa ◽  
N.C. Fonseca ◽  
E.D. Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Quantitative Difference ◽  
Type I ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Fly Eye

At the moment 9 seemingly independent families with the clinical diagnosis of MJD are known in Brazil. The largest family tree of Azorean ancestry contatins 622 individuals in 9 generations. 236 were examined, 39 found to be affected by two examiners. Pheno-types I, II and III were expressed by 12, 23 and 4 patients with age of onset by phenotypea being 10-48, 14-54 and 30-55 respectively. Although clinically more severe, juvenile onset type I disease did not show as severe a ponto-mesencephialic atrophy on MRI as the father with type II disease of similar symptomatic duration. None of the 8 patients examined with MRI showed olivary atrophy or pallidal abnormalities. 12 affected and 23 at risk were evaluated with neuropsychological tests. Attention was normal in both groups. Verbal memory scores were below normal in the affected and there was greater decay with time than in the risk group. Both scored below normal in identifying silluettes and constructional praxis. Visual memory scores were well below normal for both, with many rotations but no omissions or confabulations. A peculiar pattern of multiplying internal details called «the fly-eye effect» was observed in 6 affected and 8 at risk. Defective color distinction when multiple colors presented close to each other, in face of proper naming of individual colors («color simultantagnosia»), was looked for in 29 people. 4/10 affected and 4/19 at risk showed this phenomenon. Cognitive dysfunctions in this MJD family are prominent in the sphere of vision. Whether they constitute an early manifestation in those at risk and thus serve as a clinical identifier of the illnes is yet to be established. Depression was looked for in the history of the family with DSM III-R criteria and an atempt at quantification with the Montgomery-Asberg Rating Scale. There was no significant quantitative difference between affected and at risk. Once undeniably symptomatic however, the patients had no, or less depression than themselves before or tat the early stages of the illness. Covert depression was appropriately excluded. Fully established MJD in this family seemed to exert a protective effect from depression.

scholarly journals Serotonin transporter gene polymorphism as a predictor of short-term risk of suicide reattempts

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico M. Daray ◽  
Ángeles R. Arena ◽  
Arnaldo R. Armesto ◽  
Demián E. Rodante ◽  
Soledad Puppo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Short Term ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Adjusted Model

AbstractObjective:The serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) polymorphisms are associated with suicidal behavior; however, prospective studies are scarce. Herein we aim to determine if 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms predict risk of short-term suicide reattempt in a high-risk suicidal sample. We also explore possible mediators or moderators of this relationship.Methods:A multicenter prospective cohort study was designed to compare data obtained form 136 patients admitted to the emergency department for current suicidal ideation or a recent suicide attempt. Subjects were clinically evaluated, genotyped, and monitored for a new suicide attempt for 6 months.Results:At 6 months of follow up, 21% of the subjects had a new suicide attempt. The frequency of L-allele and L-carrier was higher in reattempters when compared with non-reattempters (55.8% vs. 35.4%, p = 0.01 and 76.9% vs. 54.2%, p = 0.04, respectively). Reattempters also differ from non-reattempters patients with respect to age, history of previous suicide attempts, and age of onset of suicidal behavior. The logistic regression model showed that L-carriers had an odds ratio of 2.8 (95% CI: 1.0–7.6) for reattempts when compared to SS genotype. The adjusted model indicates that this association is not mediated or moderated by impulsivity.Conclusion:The 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms predicted short-term risk of suicidal reattempt independently of age and sex. L-carriers have almost three times more risk of relapse when compared with SS carriers.

Duration of untreated psychosis and its correlates in first episode psychosis: results of the prospective 5-year follow-up study

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1534-1534
Author(s):  
Y. Zaytseva ◽  
I. Gurovich ◽  
A. Dorodnova ◽  
L. Movina ◽  
A. Shmukler
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Duration Of Untreated Psychosis

IntroductionDuration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is a potentially changeable prognostic factor which can also indicate neurodegenerative process in schizophrenia.ObjectiveTo examine the association of DUP with various characteristics of the course of schizophrenia in first episode patients during 5-year follow-up.MethodsOne-hundred-fourteen patients with first psychotic episodes who have been treated in naturalistic setting within Early Intervention Centre (Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry) were included. Clinical, social and neuropsychological parameters were assessed using standardized instruments.ResultsThe mean duration of untreated psychotic symptoms before admission was 298.66 ± 447.35 days. According to the analysis DUP was found to be significantly associated with the mode of onset (r = 0.51, p ≤ 0.001) level of remission (r = 0.21–0.30, p ≤ 0.05), severity of positive symptoms and negative symptoms in remission mostly at 2nd, 3d and 4th years of observation, poorer level of social adjustment at the 5th year (r = 0.19, p ≤ 0.05). The effect of DUP remained significant after controlling for age, gender and diagnostic variables.Moreover, DUP correlated with the parameters of verbal memory, visual memory and spatial functions during the follow-up (r = 0.29–0.36, p ≤ 0.05, r = 0.28–0.30, p ≤ 0.05, respectively). No correlations have been found between DUP and the age of onset, number of relapses and their duration during 5-year follow-up as well as with other neurocognitive parameters (executive functioning, gnosis, praxis, attention).ConclusionsThe results of the study underline the prognostic value of DUP for predicting clinical and functional outcomes. Association between DUP and poor memory domains supports the notion of neurotoxicity of DUP grasping specific brain regions in schizophrenia.

Visual Memory in Left Hemiplegia: A Clinical Evaluation of Verbally Mediated Theories of Visual Memory

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-14
Author(s):  
J. Scott Richards
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Post Onset

8 left hemiplegies with poor short-term memory showed poorer visual memory than 18 left hemiplegies with good short-term verbal memory, although they were matched for current ability on Bender-Gestalt designs. Intelligence, assessed by the WAIS post onset, was a complicating factor.

Factor Analysis of the WAIS—R and Verbal Memory and Visual Memory Indices of the Wechsler Memory Scale—Revised, for a Vocational Rehabilitation Sample

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 907-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Harmon ◽  
Tanya Clausen ◽  
Ralph Scott
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Three Factor

Few empirical studies have examined factor structures of responses of vocationally impaired persons, and those studies have drawn only on aptitude scores (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Revised: WAIS—R). Results have been inconclusive as to whether a two- or three-factor solution is more appropriate. The present work examined the factor scores of a vocational rehabilitation sample of 54 adults who had been given the WAIS—R and the Verbal Memory and Visual Memory Indices of the Wechsler Memory Scale—Revised. Analysis indicated that combining data from the two tests yields a viable three-factor solution which may contribute to the refinement of intervention strategies for vocationally vulnerable adults.

An Empirical Comparison of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised and the Memory Assessment Scales in Measuring Four Memory Constructs

Assessment ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin C. Hilsabeck ◽  
John T. Dunn ◽  
Paul R. Lees-Haley
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Global Memory ◽  
Empirical Comparison ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale ◽  
Memory Assessment ◽  
Standard Index ◽  
Assessment Scales

Thirty participants were administered both the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R) and the Memory Assessment Scales (MAS). Participants' standard (index) scores from each battery were compared across the same four memory constructs: Verbal Memory; Visual Memory; General/Global Memory; and WMS-R Attention and concentration and MAS Short-term Memory. The MAS yielded significantly lower mean standard scores across all four memory constructs. The largest difference between mean standard scores was found on Visual Memory in which the MAS mean was over one standard deviation lower than the WMS-R mean. Correlations between the MAS and the WMS-R mean standard scores were not significant on the Visual Memory and the General/Global Memory construct. Although the WMS-R and the MAS purport to measure the same memory constructs, these results suggest that they are measuring different abilities and are not comparable tests.

scholarly journals Concussion History and Postconcussion Neurocognitive Performance and Symptoms in Collegiate Athletes

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey Covassin ◽  
David Stearne ◽  
Robert Elbin
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
History Of ◽  
Concussion History

Abstract Context: Athletes are at an inherent risk for sustaining concussions. Research examining the long-term consequences of sport-related concussion has been inconsistent in demonstrating lingering neurocognitive decrements that may be associated with a previous history of concussion. Objective: To determine the relationship between concussion history and postconcussion neurocognitive performance and symptoms in collegiate athletes. Design: Repeated-measures design. Setting: Multi-center analysis of collegiate athletes. Patients or Other Participants: Fifty-seven concussed collegiate athletes (36 without concussion history, 21 with a history of 2 or more concussions). Intervention(s): All subjects were administered an Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) neurocognitive test battery, which measures verbal memory, visual memory, reaction time, and visual processing speed and 22 concussion symptoms. Main Outcome Measure(s): Subjects who sustained a concussion were administered 2 follow-up tests at days 1 and 5 postinjury. Independent variables were history of concussion (no history of concussion, 2 or more concussions) and time (baseline, day 1 postconcussion, or day 5 postconcussion). Results: A within-subjects effect (time) on ImPACT performance (P < .001), a between-subjects multivariate effect of group (P < .001), and a group-by-time interaction (P  =  .034) were noted. Athletes with a concussion history performed significantly worse on verbal memory (P  =  .01) and reaction time (P  =  .023) at day 5 postconcussion compared with athletes who did not report a previous concussion. No significant group differences were seen at day 5 postinjury on visual memory (P  =  .167), processing speed (P  =  .179), or total concussion symptoms (P  =  .87). Conclusions: Concussed collegiate athletes with a history of 2 or more concussions took longer to recover verbal memory and reaction time than athletes without a history of concussion.

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