scholarly journals Analysis of Real GDP, Imports and Exports of Indian Ocean RIM Association Member Nations

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-100
Author(s):  
Manbir Singh, Dr. Jasdeep Kaur Dhami
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Association Member ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean woven together by transmission of trade, commands the control of majority of the world’s cargo ships, one third of the worlds cargo traffic and two thirds of total world’s oil shipments. The main aim of this paper is to analyse Real GDP, Imports and Exports of Indian Ocean RIM Association Member Nations. Time period of the study is from 1980 to 2019.  Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Cooperation (IOR-ARC) contributes 11.7 per cent share in world exports, in case of member nations highest share is of Singapore 2.1 per cent  followed by India and UAE 1.7 per cent, Australia 1.5 per cent, Thailand and Malaysia 1.3 per cent. Indonesia, South Africa, Bangladesh, Oman, Iran, Islamic Republic of, Sri Lanka the share in world exports is less than 1 per cent.  

Adoption of the Charter of the Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Co-operation

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-242 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Member States ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Sustained Growth ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Representatives of Australia, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mozambique, Oman, Singapore, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Tanzania and Yemen meeting in Mauritius in March, 1997, adopted this Charter whose primary aim is the “sustained growth and balanced development of the region and of the Member States”. The main provisions of the Charter are set out below:

scholarly journals Simulation of the Madden–Julian Oscillation in the NCAR CCM3 Using a Revised Zhang–McFarlane Convection Parameterization Scheme

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 4046-4064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang J. Zhang ◽  
Mingquan Mu
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Zonal Wind ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Parameterization Scheme ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Shallow Convection ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Convection Parameterization

Abstract This study presents the simulation of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) in the NCAR CCM3 using a modified Zhang–McFarlane convection parameterization scheme. It is shown that, with the modified scheme, the intraseasonal (20–80 day) variability in precipitation, zonal wind, and outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) is enhanced substantially compared to the standard CCM3 simulation. Using a composite technique based on the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, the paper demonstrates that the simulated MJOs are in better agreement with the observations than the standard model in many important aspects. The amplitudes of the MJOs in 850-mb zonal wind, precipitation, and OLR are comparable to those of the observations, and the MJOs show clearly eastward propagation from the Indian Ocean to the Pacific. In contrast, the simulated MJOs in the standard CCM3 simulation are weak and have a tendency to propagate westward in the Indian Ocean. Nevertheless, there remain several deficiencies that are yet to be addressed. The time period of the MJOs is shorter, about 30 days, compared to the observed time period of 40 days. The spatial scale of the precipitation signal is smaller than observed. Examination of convective heating from both deep and shallow convection and its relationship with moisture anomalies indicates that near the mature phase of the MJO, regions of shallow convection developing ahead of the deep convection coincide with regions of positive moisture anomalies in the lower troposphere. This is consistent with the recent observations and theoretical development that shallow convection helps to precondition the atmosphere for MJO by moistening the lower troposphere. Sensitivity tests are performed on the individual changes in the modified convection scheme. They show that both change of closure and use of a relative humidity threshold for the convection trigger play important roles in improving the MJO simulation. Use of the new closure leads to the eastward propagation of the MJO and increases the intensity of the MJO signal in the wind field, while imposing a relative humidity threshold enhances the MJO variability in precipitation.

The Indian Ocean tsunami of December 26, 2004: observations in Sri Lanka and Thailand

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Rossetto ◽  
N. Peiris ◽  
A. Pomonis ◽  
S. M. Wilkinson ◽  
D. Del Re ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
The Indian Ocean

scholarly journals An integrated social response to disasters: the case of the Indian Ocean tsunami in Sri Lanka

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 595-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siri Hettige ◽  
Richard Haigh
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The impact of disasters caused by natural hazards on people in affected communities is mediated by a whole range of circumstances such as the intensity of the disaster, type and nature of the community affected and the nature of loss and displacement. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the need to adopt a holistic or integrated approach to assessment of the process of disaster recovery, and to develop a multidimensional assessment framework. Design/methodology/approach The study is designed as a novel qualitative assessment of the recovery process using qualitative data collection techniques from a sample of communities affected by the Indian Ocean tsunami in Eastern and Southern Sri Lanka. Findings The outcomes of the interventions have varied widely depending on such factors as the nature of the community, the nature of the intervention and the mode of delivery for donor support. The surveyed communities are ranked in terms of the nature and extent of recovery. Practical implications The indices of recovery developed constitute a convenient tool of measurement of effectiveness and limitations of external interventions. The assessment used is multidimensional and socially inclusive. Originality/value The approach adopted is new to post-disaster recovery assessments and is useful for monitoring and evaluation of recovery processes. It also fits into the social accountability model as the assessment is based on community experience with the recovery process.

scholarly journals ZANZIBARIS OR AMAKHUWA? SUFI NETWORKS IN SOUTH AFRICA, MOZAMBIQUE, AND THE INDIAN OCEAN

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preben Kaarsholm
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Ritual Practices

AbstractThis article investigates the role of Sufi networks in keeping Durban's ‘Zanzibari’ community of African Muslims together and developing their response to social change and political developments from the 1950s to the post-apartheid period. It focuses on the importance of religion in giving meaning to notions of community, and discusses the importance of the Makua language in maintaining links with northern Mozambique and framing understandings of Islam. The transmission of ritual practices of the Rifaiyya, Qadiriyya, and Shadhiliyya Sufi brotherhoods is highlighted, as is the significance of Maputo as a node for such linkages. The article discusses change over time in notions of cosmopolitanism, diaspora, and belonging, and examines new types of interactions after 1994 between people identifying themselves as Amakhuwa in Durban and Mozambique.

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