scholarly journals IoTContact: A Strategy for Predicting Contagious IoT Nodes in Mitigating Ransomware Attacks

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1957-1962
Author(s):  
MohammedIbrahim Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
User Interaction ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Iot Platforms ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Although the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) can facilitate various aspects of people’s lives, most IoT devices are vulnerable to ransomware attacks. Ransomware attacks in IoT networks can be more devastating due to its capability of affecting billions of interconnected devices. Ransomware can take control of compromised devices or an overall system and allow limited access to user interaction with IoT devices. Hence, there is a need for a strategy that can mitigate and predicts affected IoT devices to conduct in-depth forensic analysis in the event of a ransomware attack. This paper critically analyzes ransomware in IoT platforms and proposes IoTContact.IoTContact can formulate the mathematical model based on the interaction of multihop IoT devices and its relationship with ransomware. Consequently, it is expected that IoTContact can predict and classify affected IoT nodes into susceptible, compromise and resistible from the huge number of connected devices in the event of ransomware attacks. Therefore, the scope and the size of the object of forensic interest can be foreseen in preparation of an investigation.

scholarly journals Towards the Internet of Agents: An Analysis of the Internet of Things from the Intelligence and Autonomy Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Antonio Pico Valencia ◽  
Juan A. Holgado-Terriza ◽  
Deiver Herrera-Sánchez ◽  
José Luis Sampietro
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Iot Platforms ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Smart Industry ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Internet Of Agents

Recently, the scientific community has demonstrated a special interest in the process related to the integration of the agent-oriented technology with Internet of Things (IoT) platforms. Then, it arises a novel approach named Internet of Agents (IoA) as an alternative to add an intelligence and autonomy component for IoT devices and networks. This paper presents an analysis of the main benefits derived from the use of the IoA approach, based on a practical point of view regarding the necessities that humans demand in their daily life and work, which can be solved by IoT networks modeled as IoA infrastructures. It has been presented 24 study cases of the IoA approach at different domains ––smart industry, smart city and smart health wellbeing–– in order to define the scope of these proposals in terms of intelligence and autonomy in contrast to their corresponding generic IoT applications.

Addressing Security Issues of the Internet of Things Using Physically Unclonable Functions

2021 ◽  
pp. 333-350
Author(s):  
Ishfaq Sultan ◽  
Mohammad Tariq Banday
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Hardware Implementation ◽  
Hardware Security ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Physically Unclonable Functions ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The spatial ubiquity and the huge number of employed nodes monitoring the surroundings, individuals, and devices makes security a key challenge in IoT. Serious security apprehensions are evolving in terms of data authenticity, integrity, and confidentiality. Consequently, IoT requires security to be assured down to the hardware level, as the authenticity and the integrity need to be guaranteed in terms of the hardware implementation of each IoT node. Physically unclonable functions recreate the keys only while the chip is being powered on, replacing the conventional key storage which requires storing information. Compared to extrinsic key storage, they are able to generate intrinsic keys and are far less susceptible against physical attacks. Physically unclonable functions have drawn considerable attention due to their ability to economically introduce hardware-level security into individual silicon dice. This chapter introduces the notion of physically unclonable functions, their scenarios for hardware security in IoT devices, and their interaction with traditional cryptography.

scholarly journals Internet of things (IoT): a technology review, security issues, threats, and open challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1685
Author(s):  
Alaa Ahmed Abbood ◽  
Qahtan Makki Shallal ◽  
Mohammed A. Fadhel
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Internet Of Things Technology ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Technology Review

<p><span>Internet of Things (IoT) devices are spread in different areas such as e-tracking, e-commerce, e-home, and e-health, etc. Thus, during the last ten years, the internet of things technology (IoT) has been a research focus. Both privacy and security are the key concerns for the applications of IoT, and still face a huge number of challenges. There are many elements used to run the IoT technology which include hardware and software such as sensors, GPS, cameras, applications, and so forth. In this paper, we have analyzed and explain the technology of IoT along with its elements, security features, security issues, and threats that attached to each layer of IoT to guide the consideration of researchers into solve and understand the most serious problems in IoT environment.</span></p>

Addressing Security Issues of the Internet of Things Using Physically Unclonable Functions

2019 ◽  
pp. 95-116
Author(s):  
Ishfaq Sultan ◽  
Mohammad Tariq Banday
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Hardware Implementation ◽  
Hardware Security ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Physically Unclonable Functions ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The spatial ubiquity and the huge number of employed nodes monitoring the surroundings, individuals, and devices makes security a key challenge in IoT. Serious security apprehensions are evolving in terms of data authenticity, integrity, and confidentiality. Consequently, IoT requires security to be assured down to the hardware level, as the authenticity and the integrity need to be guaranteed in terms of the hardware implementation of each IoT node. Physically unclonable functions recreate the keys only while the chip is being powered on, replacing the conventional key storage which requires storing information. Compared to extrinsic key storage, they are able to generate intrinsic keys and are far less susceptible against physical attacks. Physically unclonable functions have drawn considerable attention due to their ability to economically introduce hardware-level security into individual silicon dice. This chapter introduces the notion of physically unclonable functions, their scenarios for hardware security in IoT devices, and their interaction with traditional cryptography.

scholarly journals Bridging for cross protocol talk in IOT devices using windows communication foundation

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.29) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Rustom Mamlook ◽  
Omer F. Khan ◽  
Thabit Sultan Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Web Service ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Smart Device ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Smart Services ◽  
Iot Platforms ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
The Web

In the Internet of Things (IoT), multiple communication protocols are used to connect the smart device. Wi-Fi, Xbee, ZigBee, Bluetooth, and LoRaWAN are some of the communication channels utilized for connectivity by devices using some IoT platform.In order to enable the development of smart services for IoT platforms, there are solutions by different vendors to connect between IoT devices. For example, multiple IoT platforms are available in the market namely IoTivity platform developed by Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF), AllJoyn platform from All Seen Alliance, Weave made by Google, and Home Kit by Apple. In view of such segmentation of IoT platforms, IoT Application’s development has been made complex, where IoT device and accompanying application compatibility with available platforms requires support for multiple protocols.To simplify the complexity introduced by multiple platforms, M2M [4] International standard was already proposed as the bridge for integrating IoT protocols. In our paper, we implement a proxy web service using Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) as a way to translate communication in one IoT protocol to another. In our implementation of middleware, we allowed the MQTT broker to accept messages, which were passed, to the Web Service from various devices over Hyper Text Protocol’s POST or GET Commands. Bridging between WCF Web Service and MQTT broker was enabled with duplex communication. Hence, devices supporting either HTTP protocol or MQTT protocol were able to communicate transparently.  

scholarly journals A survey on approaches to the protection of personal data gathered by IoT devices

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Tranter
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Ideal Solution ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
Is Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Security is always at the forefront of developing technologies. One can seldom go a week without hearing of a new data breach or hacking attempt from various groups around the world, often taking advantage of a simple flaw in a system’s architecture. The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of these developing technologies which may be at risk of such attacks. IoT devices are becoming more and more prevalent in everyday life. From keeping track of an individual’s health, to suggesting meals from items available in an individual’s fridge, these technologies are taking a much larger role in the personal lives of their users. With this in mind, how is security being considered in the development of these technologies? Are these devices that monitor individual’s personal lives just additional vectors for potential data theft? Throughout this survey, various approaches to the development of security systems concerning IoT devices in the home will be discussed, compared, and contrasted in the hope of providing an ideal solution to the problems this technology may produce.

scholarly journals A survey of secure middleware for the Internet of Things

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Fremantle ◽  
Philip Scott
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Privacy Threats ◽  
Strong Focus ◽  
Security Properties ◽  
Iot Platforms ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Structured Literature Review

The rapid growth of small Internet connected devices, known as the Internet of Things (IoT), is creating a new set of challenges to create secure, private infrastructures. This paper reviews the current literature on the challenges and approaches to security and privacy in the Internet of Things, with a strong focus on how these aspects are handled in IoT middleware. We focus on IoT middleware because many systems are built from existing middleware and these inherit the underlying security properties of the middleware framework. The paper is composed of three main sections. Firstly, we propose a matrix of security and privacy threats for IoT. This matrix is used as the basis of a widespread literature review aimed at identifying requirements on IoT platforms and middleware. Secondly, we present a structured literature review of the available middleware and how security is handled in these middleware approaches. We utilise the requirements from the first phase to evaluate. Finally, we draw a set of conclusions and identify further work in this area.

scholarly journals It’s only the beginning: Metadata Retention laws and the Internet of Things

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Clinton Fernandes ◽  
Vijay Sivaraman
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Apparent Discrepancy ◽  
Data Retention ◽  
User Control ◽  
The Law ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
The Way

This article examines the implications of selected aspects of the Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Amendment (Data Retention) Act 2015, which was passed by the Australian Parliament in March 2015. It shows how the new law has strengthened protections for privacy. However, focusing on the investigatory implications, it shows how the law provides a tactical advantage to investigators who pursue whistleblowers and investigative journalists. The article exposes an apparent discrepancy in the way ‘journalist’ is defined across different pieces of legislation. It argues that although legislators’ interest has been overwhelmingly focused on communications data, the explosion of data generated by the so-called Internet-of-Things (IoT) is as important or more. It shows how the sensors in selected IoT devices lead to a loss of user control and will enable non-stop, involuntary and ubiquitous monitoring of individuals. It suggests that the law will need to be amended further once legislators and investigators’ knowledge of the potential of IoT increases. 

scholarly journals Design a blockchain-based middleware layer in the Internet of Things Architecture

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanweer Alam
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Generation Computing ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

In next-generation computing, the role of cloud, internet and smart devices will be capacious. Nowadays we all are familiar with the word smart. This word is used a number of times in our daily life. The Internet of Things (IoT) will produce remarkable different kinds of information from different resources. It can store big data in the cloud. The fog computing acts as an interface between cloud and IoT. The extension of fog in this framework works on physical things under IoT. The IoT devices are called fog nodes, they can have accessed anywhere within the range of the network. The blockchain is a novel approach to record the transactions in a sequence securely. Developing a new blockchains based middleware framework in the architecture of the Internet of Things is one of the critical issues of wireless networking where resolving such an issue would result in constant growth in the use and popularity of IoT. The proposed research creates a framework for providing the middleware framework in the internet of smart devices network for the internet of things using blockchains technology. Our main contribution links a new study that integrates blockchains to the Internet of things and provides communication security to the internet of smart devices.

scholarly journals A survey on approaches to the protection of personal data gathered by IoT devices

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Tranter
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Ideal Solution ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
Is Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Security is always at the forefront of developing technologies. One can seldom go a week without hearing of a new data breach or hacking attempt from various groups around the world, often taking advantage of a simple flaw in a system’s architecture. The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of these developing technologies which may be at risk of such attacks. IoT devices are becoming more and more prevalent in everyday life. From keeping track of an individual’s health, to suggesting meals from items available in an individual’s fridge, these technologies are taking a much larger role in the personal lives of their users. With this in mind, how is security being considered in the development of these technologies? Are these devices that monitor individual’s personal lives just additional vectors for potential data theft? Throughout this survey, various approaches to the development of security systems concerning IoT devices in the home will be discussed, compared, and contrasted in the hope of providing an ideal solution to the problems this technology may produce.

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