Evaluating Clean Room Products for Aerospace Applications

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Suzanne Keilson
Keyword(s):  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Clean Room ◽  
Optical Telescope ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Contamination Control ◽  
Particulate Contamination ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
Final Selection ◽  
Plastic Products

Large aerospace assemblies, such as the Optical Telescope Assembly (OTA) for the Hubble Space Telescope built by Perkin-Elmer, present a unique challenge to anyone evaluating clean room products for use on these programs. Very stringent requirements for molecular and particulate contamination control are often not taken into account by the manufacturers of clean room products. The realization that extractables of plastic products pose a serious contamination threat to optical assemblies is gaining wider recognition, but even so-called "solvent compatible" products may not meet the requirements of all sensitive payloads. A process is described for evaluating, selecting and monitoring products in the most widespread use—garments, gloves, and wipers. Notwithstanding well-trained, conscientious personnel, items such as garments, gloves and wipers can be used in such a variety of ways that their tolerance for misuse without untoward consequences must be considered. The final selection process must therefore consider both compatibility and durability and, as was discovered, a unique choice is not always possible for all applications.

Work Area Characterization to Control Product Cleanliness

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Suzanne Keilson
Keyword(s):  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Clean Room ◽  
Time Dynamics ◽  
Particulate Contamination ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
Control Product ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Clean Room Environment

A particulate contamination characterization program was initiated to develop operational profiles for the Perkin-Elmer clean room facility being used to assemble and verify the NASA Hubble Space Telescope. The primary objective of this program was to develop an analytical model to provide obscuration prediction data for hardware exposed to typical clean room environments. A performance profile of the work area was derived from real-time experimental data and related the effectiveness of the facility design to operational manpower and activity loading. The three-dimensional and time dynamics of this clean room environment were both considered in the analysis of the test data and suggest areas for further study that will provide additional guidelines for the design of large clean room facilities for future aerospace applications.

scholarly journals Hubble Space Telescope Second Generation Instrument Selection

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 441-442
Author(s):  
E. J. Weiler
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Space Telescope ◽  
Instrument Selection ◽  
Final Selection ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe Hubble Space Telescope Second Generation Instrument Program is described. The original instrument selection process in 1985 is discussed as well as the NASA plan to make a final selection of an infrared instrument in late 1988.

scholarly journals Secondary Use of Patient Data: Review of the Literature Published in 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Schlegel ◽  
G. Ficheur
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Patient Privacy ◽  
Healthcare Data ◽  
Secondary Use ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
Significant Effort ◽  
Final Selection

Summary Objectives: To summarize recent research and emerging trends in the area of secondary use of healthcare data, and to present the best papers published in this field, selected to appear in the 2017 edition of the IMIA Yearbook. Methods: A literature review of articles published in 2016 and related to secondary use of healthcare data was performed using two bibliographic databases. From this search, 941 papers were identified. The section editors independently reviewed the papers for relevancy and impact, resulting in a consensus list of 14 candidate best papers. External reviewers examined each of the candidate best papers and the final selection was made by the editorial board of the Yearbook. Results: From the 941 retrieved papers, the selection process resulted in four best papers. These papers discuss data quality concerns, issues in preserving privacy of patients in shared datasets, and methods of decision support when consuming large amounts of raw electronic health record (EHR) data. Conclusion: In 2016, a significant effort was put into the development of new systems which aim to avoid significant human understanding and pre-processing of healthcare data, though this is still only an emerging area of research. The value of temporal relationships between data received significant study, as did effective information sharing while preserving patient privacy.

scholarly journals High-resolution spectroscopy of the hot Am star HR 3383

2020 ◽  
Vol 500 (2) ◽  
pp. 2451-2460
Author(s):  
G M Wahlgren ◽  
K E Nielsen ◽  
D S Leckrone
Keyword(s):  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
Element Distribution ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
High Resolution Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Data ◽  
Stellar Spectrum ◽  
Optical Telescope ◽  
Element Abundances

ABSTRACT We present the spectrum analysis of the hot Am star HR 3383 (A1 Vm). Hubble Space Telescope STIS and Nordic Optical Telescope SOFIN data are modelled with synthetic spectra, and abundances are investigated for 78 elements. Most light elements up through oxygen show deficiencies, compared to solar abundances, followed by the general trend of increasing abundance enhancement with atomic number that levels off at a 30-fold enhancement at the lanthanide group and heavier elements. The derived element distribution is generally consistent with what is observed in other hot Am stars. Abundances for HR 3383 are also similar to what is seen for the cooler HgMn stars, with the exception of the platinum-group elements that generally show dramatic enhancements in the HgMn stars. Current theory and calculations are able to predict most observed abundances and abundance trends through the iron group. The large number of derived element abundances in this study provides a constraint for theoretical calculations attempting to explain the heavy element abundances in chemically peculiar stars. This paper includes a comprehensive description of spectral lines useful for an abundance analysis of late B and A type stars, and comments are provided on the atomic data. New data for hyperfine structure components for three lines in Lu iii and a single line in Lu ii are presented, based on laboratory spectra. In addition to the stellar spectrum, lines from the interstellar medium are noted for several of the strongest Fe ii ultraviolet transitions.

scholarly journals Cancer Informatics in 2017: A New Beginning and a Bright Future

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Warner ◽  
Debra Patt ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Extensive Search ◽  
New Beginning ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Manual Review ◽  
Final Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Objective: To summarize significant research contributions on cancer informatics published in 2017. Methods: An extensive search using PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, and manual review was conducted to identify the scientific contributions published in 2017 that address topics in cancer informatics. The selection process comprised three steps: (i) 15 candidate best papers were first selected by the two section editors, (ii) external reviewers from internationally renowned research teams reviewed each candidate best paper, and (iii) the final selection of three best papers was conducted by the editorial board of the Yearbook. Results: Results: The three selected best papers present studies addressing many facets of cancer informatics, with immediate applicability in the research and clinical domains. Conclusion: Cancer informatics is a broad and vigorous subfield of biomedical informatics. Strides in knowledge management, crowdsourcing, and visualization are especially notable in 2017.

Analytical Approach to Selecting and Designing a Miniature Downhole Refrigerator

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Protection Technology ◽  
High Temperature Components ◽  
Final Selection

The design approach and results from a series of analyses used to select a miniature high-temperature multi-watt refrigerator for thermally protecting downhole instruments are described. Thirty-one systems from nine physical or chemical processes were investigated and compared against the design criteria and constraints. Preliminary thermodynamic analyses and the results of a search for high-temperature components and refrigerants eliminated all but three processes and seven systems. These seven systems were re-evaluated based on a set of proposed design changes that reflect natural evolution from a prototype to commercial system application. Final selection considered refrigerator interactions with the geothermal logging system to define failure modes, ensure compatibility, and allow adaptability to changing conditions. The selected refrigerator design permits reliable, long-term active cooling of downhole instruments in hot wells. The consistent design, systematic analysis and unbiased selection process represent a new body of research results that provide potential for substantial advances in downhole thermal protection technology.

scholarly journals Cancer Informatics in 2019: Deep Learning Takes Center Stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy L. Warner ◽  
Debra Patt ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Editorial Committee ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Extensive Search ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Radiology And Pathology ◽  
Manual Review ◽  
Final Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Objective: To summarize significant research contributions on cancer informatics published in 2019. Methods: An extensive search using PubMed/Medline and manual review was conducted to identify the scientific contributions published in 2019 that address topics in cancer informatics. The selection process comprised three steps: (i) 15 candidate best papers were first selected by the two section editors, (ii) external reviewers from internationally renowned research teams reviewed each candidate best paper, and (iii) the final selection of two best papers was conducted by the editorial committee of the Yearbook. Results: The two selected best papers demonstrate the clinical utility of deep learning in two important cancer domains: radiology and pathology. Conclusion: Cancer informatics is a broad and vigorous subfield of biomedical informatics. Applications of new and emerging computational technologies are especially notable in 2019.

scholarly journals University Education in the Next Century

1998 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Derek McNally
Keyword(s):  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
University Education ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Success Story ◽  
Optical Telescope ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Optical Astronomy ◽  
Positional Precision ◽  
Detector Technology

There is no doubt that the science of astronomy is now in an exhilarating state. We are in the era of the 10 m optical telescope. Radio astronomy rivals optical astronomy in both positional precision and sensitivity. Observation from space has opened access to a wide range of frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum. The spectacular achievements of the Hubble Space Telescope underline the success story of space astronomy. At all wavelengths, detector technology has made striking advances in sensitivity and, coupled with cheap, sophisticated and powerful computers, raw data can be transformed into useful scientific data with breathtaking speed. One has only to add up the number of papers published in the three major astronomical journals to realise that one must read 100 journal pages a day (every day) to keep up with the literature in these three journals alone. Astronomy at the close of the 20th century is indeed exhilarating.

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