scholarly journals OVERWEIGHT IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: CLINICAL VARIABLES, MOTIVATIONAL AND FAMILY PSYCHOSOCIAL RISK

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 409
Author(s):  
Maria Camila Buarraj Gomes ◽  
André Luiz Monezi Andrade ◽  
Wagner de Lara Machado ◽  
Sônia Regina Fiorim Enumo
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Psychosocial Risks ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
Motivation For Treatment

This study evaluated the relationships between anthropometric, dietary, motivational, and psychosocial variables among children and adolescents with overweight and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We evaluated 45 participants (6-17 years) in anthropometric terms, nutritional consumption, motivation for treatment, and family psychosocial risk by using statistical analyses (Student’s t-Test or Chi-Square). It was detected that 37.8% of the families had a high psychosocial risk, 82.2% were obese, 33.3% with NAFLD, high motivation (93.3%), but low adherence to treatment (2.4%). Participants with NAFLD presented higher psychosocial risk, significantly greater obesity severity, waist and neck circumference, and Body Mass Index. They reported lower adherence to treatment, high carbohydrate consumption, ultra-processed products, high energy density, and low fiber, with poor nutritional quality. Interventions should consider the motivation for treatment and psychosocial risks, especially in cases with NAFLD.

scholarly journals Trends in consumption of ultra-processed foods and obesity in Sweden between 1960 and 2010

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 3096-3107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippa Juul ◽  
Erik Hemmingsson
Keyword(s):  
Food Products ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
Group 1

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate how consumption of ultra-processed foods has changed in Sweden in relation to obesity.DesignNationwide ecological analysis of changes in processed foods along with corresponding changes in obesity. Trends in per capita food consumption during 1960–2010 were investigated using data from the Swedish Board of Agriculture. Food items were classified as group 1 (unprocessed/minimally processed), group 2 (processed culinary ingredients) or group 3 (3·1, processed food products; and 3·2, ultra-processed products). Obesity prevalence data were pooled from the peer-reviewed literature, Statistics Sweden and the WHO Global Health Observatory.SettingNationwide analysis in Sweden, 1960–2010.SubjectsSwedish nationals aged 18 years and older.ResultsDuring the study period consumption of group 1 foods (minimal processing) decreased by 2 %, while consumption of group 2 foods (processed ingredients) decreased by 34 %. Consumption of group 3·1 foods (processed food products) increased by 116 % and group 3·2 foods (ultra-processed products) increased by 142 %. Among ultra-processed products, there were particularly large increases in soda (315 %; 22 v. 92 litres/capita per annum) and snack foods such as crisps and candies (367 %; 7 v. 34 kg/capita per annum). In parallel to these changes in ultra-processed products, rates of adult obesity increased from 5 % in 1980 to over 11 % in 2010.ConclusionsThe consumption of ultra-processed products (i.e. foods with low nutritional value but high energy density) has increased dramatically in Sweden since 1960, which mirrors the increased prevalence of obesity. Future research should clarify the potential causal role of ultra-processed products in weight gain and obesity.

scholarly journals QUALITY OF LIFE EVALUATION AND ASSOCIATED FACTORSIN ASTHMATIC CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS ATTENDED IN A SPECIALIZED OUTPATIENT CLINIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Chedid de Souza Fontan ◽  
Sérgio Wilson Duwe ◽  
Karoliny dos Santos ◽  
Jane da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the quality of life and its association with disease control, severity, allergic comorbidities and adherence to treatment in children and adolescents with asthma. Methods: A cross-sectional study that included children and adolescents aged seven to 17. The Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) was used to assess their quality of life. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from the chart and from a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were performed and chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests were used to verify the existence of associations between quality of life and disease control, severity, comorbidities and adherence to treatment. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: 101 children/adolescents were evaluated (62.4% boys), with a mean age of 10.1 years. On average, the PAQLQ score was ≤5.9 points, indicating moderate / severe quality of life impairment. Higher levels of control, as well as higher disease severity, were associated with higher quality of life impairment, both in total PAQLQ score and domains (p<0.05). The presence of comorbidities was also associated with higher quality of life impairment (p=0.01), except in the emotional function domain. Adherence to treatment showed no association with quality of life. Conclusions: Children and adolescents with asthma present impairment in their quality of life, and this is related to poorer control and severity of the disease, as well as to the presence of allergic comorbidities.

Pilot-scale combustion studies with kraft lignin in a powder burner and a CFB boiler

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIKLAS BERGLIN ◽  
PER TOMANI ◽  
HASSAN SALMAN ◽  
SOLVIE HERSTAD SVÄRD ◽  
LARS-ERIK ÅMAND
Keyword(s):  
Circulating Fluidized Bed ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Alkali Chloride ◽  
Cfb Boiler ◽  
Solid Biofuel

Processes have been developed to produce a solid biofuel with high energy density and low ash content from kraft lignin precipitated from black liquor. Pilot-scale tests of the lignin biofuel were carried out with a 150 kW powder burner and a 12 MW circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler. Lignin powder could be fired in a powder burner with good combustion performance after some trimming of the air flows to reduce swirl. Lignin dried to 10% moisture content was easy to feed smoothly and had less bridging tendencies in the feeding system than did wood/bark powder. In the CFB boiler, lignin was easily handled and cofired together with bark. Although the filter cake was broken into smaller pieces and fines, the combustion was not disturbed. When cofiring lignin with bark, the sulfur emission increased compared with bark firing only, but most of the sulfur was captured by calcium in the bark ash. Conventional sulfur capture also occurred with addition of limestone to the bed. The sulfur content in the lignin had a significantly positive effect on reducing the alkali chloride content in the deposits, thus reducing the high temperature corrosion risk.

A HIGH ENERGY DENSITY ZINC/OXYGEN BATTERY SYSTEM

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. CHODOSH ◽  
E. KATSOULIS ◽  
M. ROSANSKY
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Battery System

Efficient Co-Harvesting of Solar Energy and Low-Grade Heat by Molecular Photoswitches for High Energy Density, Long-Term Stable Solar Thermal Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Battery ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.

Efficient Co-Harvesting of Solar Energy and Low-Grade Heat by Molecular Photoswitches for High Energy Density, Long-Term Stable Solar Thermal Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Battery ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.

Potassium Pre-Inserted K1.04Mn8O16 Cathode Materials for Aqueous Li-Ion and Na-Ion Hybrid Capacitors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamin Zhang ◽  
Lina Chen ◽  
Chongyang Hao ◽  
Xiaowen Zheng ◽  
Yixuan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cycling Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Tunnel Structure ◽  
Hybrid Supercapacitor ◽  
Hybrid Supercapacitors ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Power Densities ◽  
Hybrid Capacitors

For the applications of aqueous Li-ion hybrid capacitors and Na-ion hybrid capacitors, potassium ions are pre-inserted into MnO<sub>2</sub> tunnel structure, the as-prepared K<sub>1.04</sub>Mn<sub>8</sub>O<sub>16</sub> materials consist of <a>nanoparticles</a> and nanorods were prepared by facile high-temperature solid-state reaction. <a></a>The as-prepared materials were well studied andthey show outstanding electrochemical behavior. We assembled hybrid supercapacitors with commercial activated carbon (YEC-8A) as anode and K<sub>1.04</sub>Mn<sub>8</sub>O<sub>16 </sub>as cathode. It has high energy densities and power densities. Li-ion capacitors reach a high energy density of 127.61 Wh kg<sup>-1 </sup>at the power density of 99.86 W kg<sup>-1</sup> and Na-ion capacitor obtains 170.96 Wh kg<sup>-1 </sup>at 133.79 W kg<sup>-1</sup>. In addition, the <a>hybrid supercapacitor</a>s demonstrate excellent cycling performance which maintain 97 % capacitance retention for Li-ion capacitor and 85 % for Na-ion capacitor after 10,000 cycles.

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