scholarly journals MUNICIPAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY PLANNING: COMPLEMENTARITY OF DISCIPLINARY AND INTEGRATIVE APPROACHES

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Ērika Lagzdiņa ◽  
Raimonds Ernšteins
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Policy Planning ◽  
Agenda 21 ◽  
Local Agenda 21 ◽  
Integrative Planning ◽  
Municipal Level ◽  
Integration Analysis

Environment and its integration are recognized as priorities at all governance levels, however practice reveals gaps at the local (municipal) level. Municipal environmental policy planning (EPP), implementation and monitoring is not studied sufficiently and discussed. Without understanding of disciplinary planning there are risks of qualitative integrative planning. The article discusses EPP development in Latvian municipalities during last 18 years period starting from Local Agenda 21 initiatives to integrated urban environment planning. The article summarizes EPP experience based on document studies and survey. It includes overview of EPP driving forces, content and integration analysis, institutional and public participation issues, outlines needs for further studies. Taking into account that EPP exist in less than 5 % of local governments, what is contrasting to practice elsewhere in Europe, the intention of the article is to facilitate discussion about EPP necessity and opportunities in Latvia.

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE IN BRAZIL: THE LOCAL GOVERNMENTS' PERSPECTIVE

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estela Maria Souza Costa Neves
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Brazilian State ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
Federal Organization

ABSTRACT This paper explores some of the institutional factors that guide the environmental action of municipalities in Brazil. The starting premise is that there are particular institutional factors that empower the Brazilian state and society, guide processes and provide a unique profile to local environmental policy. Regulations for environmental protection are analysed from a historical perspective, taking into account the federal organization of the Brazilian state and its particular distribution of powers. Five factors emerge as the driving forces behind the actions taken by municipalities in relation to the environment: the federal status of municipalities, the inclusion of the environmental protection provision in the Federal Constitution, the lack of consistent funding for environmental policy, the coexistence of several regimes within environmental rules, and the discretionary power, held by environmental bureaucracy, related to the indeterminacy of environmental regulation.

Implementation and performance of Agenda 21 for local governments in Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola Lizama-Pérez ◽  
María de los Ángeles Piñar-Álvarez ◽  
Alejandro Ortega-Argueta ◽  
María Azahara Mesa-Jurado ◽  
María del Carmen Sandoval-Caraveo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Agenda 21 ◽  
Efficacy Evaluation ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Institutional Economic ◽  
Mise En Œuvre ◽  
Local Agenda 21 ◽  
Développement Durable ◽  
And Performance

English Abstract:This article assesses the implementation and performance of Local Agenda 21 (LA21) in Mexico over a decade (2004–2013). Official records of municipal evaluations from all 31 Mexican states were analyzed, comprising 39 indicators of four dimensions of sustainable development: institutional, economic, social and environmental. A positive evolution of the implementation of LA21 was observed, with the economic and social dimensions presenting the best and worst performances, respectively. In general, the local governments of northern Mexico performed better than their southern counterparts. The voluntary nature of LA21 implementation is highlighted, yet necessitating a strengthening of municipal capacities in long-term planning, inter-administration continuity, efficacy evaluation, and integration of all sectors into a more coherent municipal agenda.Spanish Abstract:Este estudio analiza la implementación y desempeño de la Agenda Local 21 (AL21) en México en un periodo de una década (2004– 2013). Se analizaron registros oficiales de evaluaciones municipales de los 31 estados de la república, que comprenden 39 indicadores de cuatro dimensiones del desarrollo sustentable: institucional, económico, social y ambiental. Se observó una evolución positiva en la implementación de la AL21, con las dimensiones económica y social mostrando el mejor y peor desempeños, respectivamente. En general, los gobiernos locales del norte de México tuvieron mejores desempeños que sus contrapartes del sur. Se destaca la naturaleza voluntaria de la implementación de la AL21, que todavía necesita un fortalecimiento de las capacidades municipales en la planificación de largo plazo, en la continuidad inter-administrativa, la evaluación de eficacia y la integración de todos los sectores en una agenda municipal más coherente.French Abstract:Cette étude analyse la mise en oeuvre et les performances de l’Agenda 21 local (AL21) au Mexique sur une période de dix ans (2004- 2013). Les archives officielles des évaluations municipales des trente-et-un états de la République ont été analysées. Elles comprennent trente-neuf indicateurs de quatre dimensions du développement durable: institutionnel, économique, social et environnemental. Une évolution positive a été observée dans la mise en oeuvre du LA21, les dimensions économique et sociale affichant respectivement les meilleures et les plus basses performances. En général, les administrations locales du nord du Mexique ont obtenu de meilleurs résultats que leurs homologues du sud. On souligne la nature volontaire de la mise en oeuvre de la LA21, qui nécessite toutefois encore un renforcement des capacités municipales dans la planification à long terme, dans la continuité inter-administrative, l’évaluation de l’efficacité et l’intégration de tous les secteurs dans un agenda municipal plus cohérent.

Η άτυπη περιβαλλοντική εκπαίδευση στην τοπική ατζέντα 21

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Πολυτίμη Ζαχαράκη
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Agenda 21 ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Local Stakeholder ◽  
Local Agenda 21

In 1992, a very important year for the environment, world leaders at the UN Conference on Environment and Development adopted a global plan of action for sustainable development, called Agenda 21. Agenda 21 included Local Agenda 21, or LA21, a smaller plan of action, which was nothing less than a “call to local governments” (Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2002) to develop Local Plans of Environmental Action (Bullard. 1998-Mercer & Jotkowitz, 2000, Local Agenda 21-Greece, 2006). Such a LA21 developed and applied in some municipalities of Greece the most important of which were Marousi and Chalandri. This research will deal with the first one and its objective is to investigate the opinions that hold both local citizens and municipal servants on LA21 potential to solve greek environmental problems and to evaluate LA21 implemenation and progress. We used the method of questionnaire on a samble of 300 people to investigate the above crtitical research question; 100 of them are municipal servants and the rest 200 local citizens. For the statistical analysis of research data were used both descriptive means and factor analysis. Some key findins include the following points: - During LA21 implementation the municipality cooperated with local citizens, Non- Government Organizations, local stakeholder groups and other municipalities. - Local citizens participated in every single step of LA21 implementation both in debates on recycling and in adults seminars on Environmental Education. Were seen three dimensions of Public Participation: participation in appropriate environmental information, participation with comments and feedback participation. - Local citizens had a very positive and quite satisfying participation in LA21 implementation and hold the opinion that the most important result of their participation process was the better relations between them and municipality itself. - Demography traits contibuted a little in the amount and quality of public participation, but we can‟t completely deny their role in it. - Informal Environmental Education, as a crucial LA21 component, was revealed to be a main enhancing factor of public participation. Having a thorough examination of this research we must put an emphasis on the fact that Marousi Municipality faced a major contemporary environmental challenge and reacted satisfactory. But now the important thing is to take andvantage of its sucess and to continue to improve its public participation methods in order to gain more and better environmental public participation.

scholarly journals Dataset on SARS-CoV-2 non-pharmaceutical interventions in Brazilian municipalities

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreza Aruska de Souza Santos ◽  
Darlan da Silva Candido ◽  
William Marciel de Souza ◽  
Lewis Buss ◽  
Sabrina L. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Municipal Level ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

AbstractBrazil has one of the fastest-growing COVID-19 epidemics worldwide. Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been adopted at the municipal level with asynchronous actions taken across 5,568 municipalities and the Federal District. This paper systematises the fragmented information on NPIs reporting on a novel dataset with survey responses from 4,027 mayors, covering 72.3% of all municipalities in the country. This dataset responds to the urgency to track and share findings on fragmented policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Quantifying NPIs can help to assess the role of interventions in reducing transmission. We offer spatial and temporal details for a range of measures aimed at implementing social distancing and the dates when these measures were relaxed by local governments.

scholarly journals Local Agenda 21 and sustainable development: The case of Harran, Turkey

Urbani izziv ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 144-153
Author(s):  
Reyhan Genli Yiğiter ◽  
Funda Yirmibeşoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Agenda 21 ◽  
Local Agenda 21

scholarly journals The Policy Planning in Providing Teacher Adequacy for Primary Schools in the Local Government

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-108
Author(s):  
Suroso Suroso
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Policy Planning ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
Planning Policy ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Efficient Distribution

ABSTRACT: Adequacy of primary school teachers is very important to support education for all. The objective of the research is to analyse and develop a plan for a public policy of teacher adequacy for state primary schools. This research used a descriptive-quantitative approach. Data collection was conducted by using observation and interview. There are six main findings in the research. One of the important things is that the model of planning policy for teacher adequacy based on class can be adopted by other local governments by incorporating two factors: total schools (S) and total classes (C), and using the formula of nC + 2S.  The planning policy model for teacher adequacy based on students can also be adopted by other local governments by incorporating the total students (S) and student ratio value to teacher (21:1) by using the formula of S/21.  Therefore, planners should conduct policy planning analysis for teacher adequacy of state primary schools in the local government by using two perspective analyses simultaneously to ensure teacher adequacy and manage effective and efficient distribution of teachers.KEY WORD: Teacher Adequacy; Policy Planning; Local Government; Effective and Efficient Distribution; Primary School. ABSTRAKSI: “Perencanaan Kebijakan dalam Penyediaan Kecukupan Guru Sekolah Dasar di Daerah”. Kecukupan guru sekolah dasar sangat penting untuk mendukung pendidikan bagi semua. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa dan mengembangkan model perencanaan bagi kebijakan kecukupan guru sekolah dasar negeri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi dan wawancara. Ada enam temuan utama dalam penelitian ini. Salah satu yang terpenting adalah bahwa model kebijakan perencanaan kecukupan guru berbasis kelas dapat diadopsi oleh pemerintah daerah lain dengan mengakomodasi 2 faktor: jumlah sekolah (S) dan jumlah kelas (C), dengan menggunakan rumus nC + 2S. Model kebijakan perencanaan kecukupan guru berbasis murid dapat juga diadopsi oleh pemerintah daerah lain dengan mengakomodasi faktor jumlah murid (M) dan nilai rasio murid terhadap guru (21:1), dengan menggunakan rumus M/21. Oleh karena itu, perencana sebaiknya melaksanakan analisa kebijakan perencanaan untuk kecukupan guru sekolah dasar negeri di daerah dengan menggunakan dua perspektif analisis tersebut secara simultan untuk menjamin kecukupan guru, dan pengelolaan efektivitas dan efisiensi distribusi guru. KATA KUNCI: Kecukupan Guru; Perencanaan Kebijakan; Pemerintah Daerah; Efektivitas dan Efisiensi Distribusi; Sekolah Dasar.About the Author: Dr. Suroso is a Researcher at the Office of Research and Development, Pati Regency, Jalan Panglima Sudirman No.26 Pati, Central Java, Indonesia. For academic interests, the author is able to be contacted via his e-mails at: [email protected] and [email protected] to cite this article? Suroso. (2017). “The Policy Planning in Providing Teacher Adequacy for Primary Schools in the Local Government” in MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan, Vol.2(1) March, pp.95-108. Bandung, Indonesia: UPI [Indonesia University of Education] Press, ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online). Chronicle of the article: Accepted (September 29, 2016); Revised (January 29, 2017); and Published (March 30, 2017).

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