Evaluation of the Trabecular Structure of Mandibular Condyles in Children Using Fractal Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 441-445
Author(s):  
Muge Bulut ◽  
Muge Tokuc
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Trabecular Structure ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Box Counting Method ◽  
The Right

Objective: To evaluate the trabecular internal structure of the mandibular condyle with fractal analysis on panoramic radiography in children. Study Design: 159 panoramic radiographs were separated into 8 groups according to age and gender. The radiographs were standardized as 8-bit images. Regions of interest, located on both mandibular condyles, were selected as 64x64 pixel squares. Image J v1.50i software was used to obtain the fractal dimension (FD) values by the box-counting method. Results: The data obtained from the right and left condyles were analyzed in terms of gender and age groups. No statistically significant difference was observed between the genders in respect of the mean FD values for both condyles (p>0.05). Mean, standard deviations and the 95% confidence intervals for the FD values of the left and right condyles were obtained according to age. A statistically significant difference was observed in the mean FD values for both left (p= 0.019) and right (p= 0.000) condyles when all groups were compared and no statistically significant difference was found between all groups except the 6-year-old group for both condyles. In both condyles, the significantly lowest mean FD values were determined in the 6 years age group. Conclusions: The FD values of the mandibular condyle trabecular structure changed with age. It will be possible to evaluate these changes from panoramic radiographs by making calculations using the fractal analysis method.

scholarly journals TIME TRENDS OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI PREVALENCE IN ITAJAÍ - SC: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 25 YEARS BASED ON ENDOSCOPIC DATABASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangio FERRARI ◽  
Elisa Cantú Germano DUTRA ◽  
Henrieli Correia ZANARDI ◽  
Bruno Lorenzo SCOLARO ◽  
Odemari Miranda FERRARI
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Gradual Reduction ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The bacterium Helicobacter pylori is strongly associated with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma. Currently, the prevalence in developed countries is 40%, but this value increases considerably in developing countries, which can reach rates bigger than 90%. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the mean and annual prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients from Itajaí during the period from July 1992 to April 2016, as well as the gender and age groups most affected. METHODS: After consent of the clinical director of the Gastroclinica Itajaí and confidentiality commitment about the research, the database of the Endoscopy Service of the clinic was evaluated. All the patients who underwent their first upper digestive endoscopy with urease test and/or histological analysis were included. The data were submitted to statistical analysis of prevalence by gender, age group and years of study, with subsequent correction through the confidence interval. RESULTS: The mean prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection thru all years of study was 50.07%. With the calculation of the annual prevalences, it was evident the gradual reduction of infection in the population of Itajaí, that was 81.3% in 1992, declining to 33% in the year of 2016. When classifying the prevalence of infection by gender, it was higher in males (53.59%), and gender distribution by age group showed no statistically significant difference among genders between the ages of 40 and 80 years. In relation to the age group, the highest prevalence was in the group between 40 and 49 years. CONCLUSION: Although this study is retrospective and based on endoscopic database analysis, without access to clinical data of patients such as prior use of proton pump inhibitor and antibiotics to endoscopy, its results are important because they may reflect the current panorama of Helicobacter pylori infection in the city under study, where it has been presenting a gradual reduction of prevalence over the years, with current rates similar to that of developed countries (33%). Future studies are needed to confirm our data.

A study of manual toothbrushing skills in children aged 3 to 11 years

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Mentes ◽  
Julide Atukeren
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

The aim of the study was to evaluate toothbrushing management and ability of children in relation to age and gender. The study population consisted of 75 children and were divided into three equal groups as 3-5, 6-8 and 9-11 years of age.The grip type during toothbrushing was recorded on videotape.The most preferred grip types were distal (73%) followed by power (43%) and oblique grips (29%). There were a statistically significant differences between age groups and the grip types (p<0.001) but no significant difference was seen between boys and girls in grip preferences (p>0.05).The mean duration of toothbrushing was shorter in 3-5 years of age group (28 seconds) than the 6-8 and 9-11 age groups (35 and 47 seconds respectively).

scholarly journals Measurement of Iris Thickness at Different Regions in Healthy Chinese Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Qingchen Li ◽  
Yuan Zong ◽  
Huiming Wen ◽  
Jian Yu ◽  
Changbo Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Healthy Chinese ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Purpose. To study the variation of iris thicknesses in different regions and explore the possible correlations with age and gender. Methods. Healthy Chinese adults were recruited; the anterior segment of their eyes was imaged by swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). The horizontal scan of the right eye was selected, and the thicknesses of both the nasal and temporal irises were measured at 199 evenly spaced points. Results. A total of 233 subjects with an average age of 36.79 ± 10.04 years (range 19 to 62) were included in the final analysis. The mean iris thicknesses of the temporal and nasal sides were 364.79 ± 47.58 μm and 372.44 ± 43.75 μm, respectively. The mean nasal iris thickness was positively correlated with age (β = 0.9 μm/year; P  = 0.002), but the temporal one was not (β = 0.077 μm/year; P  = 0.806). At 139 points of the nasal iris and 146 points of the temporal iris, the iris thickness was significantly correlated with age ( P  < 0.05). The thicknesses of the peripheral and pupillary parts were positively correlated with age, while the middle part was negatively correlated with age. No significant difference was observed in the mean iris thickness between genders (temporal: t = 1.597, P  = 0.112; nasal: t = 1.870, P  = 0.063), but females had a thicker iris than males at 50 points in the temporal side and 49 points in the nasal side ( P  < 0.05); no point in males was observed to have thicker iris compared to females. Conclusion. Using SS-OCT and the novel method, thicknesses of the iris at different regions were measured. The thicknesses of the peripheral and pupillary irises increase with age, while the thicknesses of the middle part decrease.

Does Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Affect the Maxillary Sinus Volume?

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Demirtas ◽  
Fahrettin Kalabalik ◽  
Asim Dane ◽  
Ali Murat Aktan ◽  
Ertugrul Ciftci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maxillary Sinus Volume ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Objective: The purposes of this study were to evaluate and compare the maxillary sinus volume (MSV) of patients with a unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) between the cleft side and noncleft side and between adolescent patients with UCLP and a control (noncleft) group using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: CBCT images of 44 UCLP patients (29 males and 15 females, with a mean [SD] age of 13.5 [5.0] years) and 44 (22 males and 22 females, with a mean [SD] age 14.9 [4.2] years) age- and sex-matched controls were evaluated in this study. Each maxillary sinus was assessed 3-dimensionally, segmented, and its volume was calculated. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the age and gender distributions of the groups. There was a statistically significant difference in the MSVs of the cleft (10996.78±3522.89 mm3) versus the noncleft side (10382.3±3416.2 mm3; P < .05)] but no significant difference between the MSVs of the right and left sides ( P > .05). In the intergroup comparison, the mean MSVs of the UCLP patients (10701.52±3369.33 mm3) were significantly smaller than those of the control group (16054.08 ± 5293.96 mm3; P < .001). Conclusions: The MSVs of the UCLP patients showed a statistically significant decrease compared to those of the controls ( P < .001). There was also a significant difference in the MSVs of the cleft and noncleft sides of the UCLP patients ( P < .05).

Age Related Change of Inner Diameter of Ampulla of Fallopian Tube in Bangladeshi Female Cadaver

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
Hasna Hena ◽  
Shamim Ara ◽  
Rubina Qasim ◽  
Dilruba Siddiqua ◽  
Fatema Johora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Background: The fallopian tubes act as conduit for spermatozoa to reach the oocyte and to convey the fertilized (egg) to enter the uterine cavity following fertilization. Problems with the fallopian tubes can lead to infertility. Detailed morphological and histological knowledge is essential for the diagnosis and management of fallopian tube disease.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to identify the inner diameter of ampulla of the fallopian tube and its changes with advancing age.Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2008 to June 2009 for a period of one (01) year. This present study was performed on post mortem fallopian tubes of Bangladeshi female. Among them lowest age was 12 years and highest age was 50 years. Samples were divided into three differential age groups named asgroup A (10 to 13 years), group B (14 to 45 years), and group C (46 to 50 years). All samples were studied morphologically and histologically.Results: The mean inner diameter of the ampulla of the right and left fallopian tubes ranged from 1.99±0.08 to 3.24±0.27 mm. The difference between all the groups were statistically significant (p < 0.001).Conclusion: The mean difference of the inner diameter of the ampulla of the right and left fallopian tubesbetween groupA and groupB and groupB and groupC were statistically significant; however, there was no significant difference between right and left fallopian tube.Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2018;4(2): 137-140

ARE AGE AND GENDER EFFECTIVE FACTORS ON THE MORPHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF MENTAL FORAMEN?

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Güldane MAĞAT ◽  
Mine ÇETİN ◽  
Sevgi ÖZCAN
Keyword(s):  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Sensory Innervation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mental Nerve ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Aim: Foramen mentale is the anatomical formation in which the vein and nerve package feeds and provides sensory innervation to the chin and lower anterior lip area. During implant surgery and osteotomy operations, it is important to know the anatomical morphometric characteristics because of mental nerve damage. This study aims to determine whether mental foramen differ depending on age and gender. Method: 100 patients (50 females-50 males) who applied to neu faculty of dentistry and received kıbt for various reasons between 2020-2021 were included in the study. spss program was used for statistical analysis. a p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean superoinferior diameter of the right and left mental foramen was 3.20 mm and 3.21 mm, respectively. The mean values were 3.12 mm and 3.18 mm for right and left mental foramen, respectively. It was found that the right and left mental foramen are located between the 1st and 2nd premolars. Anteroposterior and superoinferior diameters of the right and left foramen do not differ according to the localization of the mental foramen (p> 0.05). It was found that the parameters except the superoinferior diameter of the right mental foramen did not show a statistically significant difference according to gender (p> 0.05). It was found that the right mental foramen superoinferior diameter of males was statistically higher than females. (p <0.01). It was found that the anterosuperior and superoinferior diameters of the mental foramen did not vary according to age (p> 0.05). Conclusion: According to the result we obtained from this study, it was determined that the superoinferior diameter of the mental foramen was higher in men. This result will guide for those working in the field of anatomy, oral maxillofacial surgeons and oral maxillofacial radiologists.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the relation between myopia and central corneal thickness in patients admitted to vali-e-asr hospital in birjand, iran

2021 ◽  
pp. 138-143
Keyword(s):  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Introduction: Considering the increasing prevalence of myopia and the subsequent complications, and due to the dearth of studies on the correlation between myopia and gender with corneal thickness in Iran, this study aimed to determine this relationship in patients admitted to the ophthalmic clinic of Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Birjand, Iran. Methods: This descriptive-analytic epidemiologic study was conducted on 100 patients admitted to Vali-e-Asr ophthalmic clinic in Birjand, Iran, for one year since January 2017. According to the degree of myopia, the patients were divided into three groups of low (0-3 D), moderate (3-6 D), and high myopia (6≤D). Corneal thickness was measured using Orbscan and Pentacam. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (Version 19) through ANOVA and T-test to determine the possible relationship between myopia and central corneal thickness. A p-value equal to and less than (P≤0.05) was considered statistically significant. Results: Overall, 100 patients (49 males and 51 females) were enrolled in this study. Moderate myopia had the highest frequency in both eyes. The results of the T-test revealed that no significant difference was observed in the mean corneal thickness measured by Pentacam between the two genders (P=0.18 in the right eye and P=0.32 in the left eye). Based on the ANOVA findings, the mean corneal thickness measured by Pentacam was not significantly different among the myopia categories (P=0.05 in the right eye and P=0.51 in the left eye) Conclusions: The study results revealed that there was no significant relationship between myopia and gender with corneal thickness.

scholarly journals Investigation of the femoral inclination and Alsberg angles according to age and gender in adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Seda SERTEL MEYVACI ◽  
Yasin Emre KAYA
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Objectives: The objective of our study was to examine the changes in the inclination and Alsberg angles of the femur in terms of age and gender. Methods: The present study was conducted on X-Ray images of 208 healthy individuals (103 males and 105 females) admitted to Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinics. Both genders were separated into 3 different age groups. Statistical analyses were made to determine the difference between the gender and age groups. Results: The mean inclination angle of the femur was 132.88±7.08º on the right-side and 130.27±7.81º on the left. The mean Alsberg angle of the femur was 42.07±7.04º on the right-side and 41.43±7.03º on the left. The inclination angle was significantly higher in males than females on both sides and was significantly lower in 41–60 age group. The Alsberg angle was also significantly higher in males than females in 21–40 age group. Conclusion: The Alsberg angle is positively related with inclination angle, and subject to change by age. Knowing how IA and AA will be affected by age and gender and knowing the relation between these two angles will help to take a more accurate approach while evaluating and managing the follow up of a patient undergoing total hip arthroplasty, reconstructive surgery or planning physical theraphy.

scholarly journals Computerised tomographic profile of ethmoid roof on basis of keros classification among ethnic Kashmiri’s

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Nazir Salroo ◽  
Nisar Hussain Dar ◽  
Aamir Yousuf ◽  
Kousar Sideeq Lone
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
T Test ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background: </span></strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ethmoid roof on computerized tomography of nose and paranasal sinuses of Kashmiri people and distribute them on basis of KEROS classification.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods: </span></strong>Cross sectional descriptive study, the randomly selected paranasal sinus computed tomography (PNS CT) scans coronal cuts .Total of One hundred PNS CT scans done at the SMHS Hospital from April 2015 to September 2015 were reviewed, and selected for study. The bilateral heights of the lateral lamellae of the cribriform plate were obtained, independently coded, and classified according to keros.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results: </span></strong>The mean height of the lateral lamella among Kashmir’s was seen to be 5.08mm and 29% of patient’s CT PNS were classified as Keros I, 61% were classified as Keros II and 10% were classified as Keros III. There was significant difference in the distribution of Keros classification between the right and left lateral lamella. There was no significant difference in the height of the lateral lamella (t-test: p=0.98 on right side &amp; p =0.89 on left side) and the distribution of Keros classification (Fisher’s Exact test: p = 0.823) among younger (1-14 year) and older (&gt;14 year) Kashmiri age groups. There is significant difference in the height (t-test: p=0.03 on right side and p=0.03 on left side) and the distribution of Keros classification is statistically insignificant (Fishers Exact Test: p=0.11) between Kashmiri females and males.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions: </span></strong>Preoperative assessment of ethmoid roof anatomy and keros level is mandatory for alerting the surgeon of the potential iatrogenic injury during endoscopic sinus surgeries to minimize the grave complications during ESS.</p>

scholarly journals Radiographic Analysis of the Ethmoid Roof based on KEROS Classification among Filipinos

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Elfred Lan B. Paber ◽  
Michael Salvador D. Cabato ◽  
Romeo L. Villarta ◽  
Josefino G. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Paranasal Sinus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Objective: The objective of the study was to describe the distribution of Keros classification among Filipinos. Methods: Study Design: Retrospective review of consecutive paranasal sinus computed tomography (PNS CT) scans. Setting and Participants: One hundred and twenty-eight consecutive PNS CT scans done at the Philippine General Hospital done from January 2006 to August 2007 were reviewed; 109 PNS CT scans were included in the study. The bilateral heights of the lateral lamellae of the cribriform plate were obtained, independently coded, and classified according to Keros classification. Results: The mean height of the lateral lamella among Filipinos was 2.21mm. One hundred sixty five cases (81.6%) were classified as Keros I. Fifty two cases (17.9%) were classified as Keros II and one (0.5%) case was classified as Keros III. There was no significant difference in the height of the lateral lamella (t-test: p=0.77, CI 95%) and the distribution of Keros classification (Fisher’s Exact test: p = 0.78) among younger (1-14 year) and older (>14 year) Filipino age groups. There was significant difference in the height (t-test: p=0.05, CI 95%) and the distribution of Keros classification (Fishers Exact Test: p=0.01) between Filipino females and males. There was no significant difference in the height of the bilateral lateral lamellae among Filipinos (paired t-test: p=0.51, CI 95%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of Keros classification (Fisher’s Exact Test: p=0.48) between the right and left lateral lamella.   Conclusions: In over 80% of the time Filipinos are classified as Keros I. Risk of inadvertent intracranial entry thru the lateral lamella among Filipinos is less compared to populations with majority of cases classified as Keros II or III.   Keywords: Keros classification, Filipino, Paranasal Sinus, PNS-CT, Ethmoid roof, Ethmoid anatomy    

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