Post-traumatic TMJ internal derangement: impact on facial growth (findings in a pediatric age group)

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Defabianis
Keyword(s):  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Internal Derangement ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Mandibular Asymmetry ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Mandibular Retrognathia

Many clinical studies have shown how jaw injuries sustained during impact trauma to the face or mandible are the single most important cause of TMJ subsequent internal derangement. Proper function of the masticatory system is certainly the most influential variable in the TMJ remodelling; once a TMJ is internally deranged, adaptative or degenerative osteocartilagineous processes take place in the mandible, temporal bones and muscles.To evaluate relationships between consequences of posttraumatic TMJ internal derangement and disturbed facial skeleton growth in children, 25 patients (16 boys, 9 girls), 14 year of age or younger, were selected out of a group of 74 and analysed. They all had been treated by physiotherapy and had undergone combined clinical and radiographic examination for five years. Symptoms included, either individually or in various combination, pain, mechanical TMJ dysfunction and facial skeletal abnormalities, such as mandibular retrognathia and lower facial asymmetry manifested by chin deviation from the midline. Seventeen patients were found to have at least one abnormal and internally deranged TMJ on imaging studies; in twelve of them a mandibular asymmetry with chin deviation from the midline to the smaller or more degenerated TMJ was evident. Of the eight retrognathic patients, five were found to have bilateral TMJ derangement. In three patients both TMJ(s) were normal with normal facial structure. These data suggest that TMJ derangement in children may potentially have an impact on facial growth and lead to the development of retrognathia, with or without asymmetry, in many cases.

Bilateral TMJ Disk Displacement Induces Mandibular Retrognathia

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 1118-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bryndahl ◽  
L. Eriksson ◽  
P.E. Legrell ◽  
A. Isberg
Keyword(s):  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Ipsilateral Side ◽  
Mandibular Growth ◽  
Disk Displacement ◽  
Growth Impairment ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Mandibular Retrognathia

Unilateral non-reducing TMJ disk displacement has been shown to retard mandibular growth on the ipsilateral side, with facial asymmetry a sequela. We hypothesized that bilateral affliction would impair mandibular growth bilaterally, generating mandibular retrognathia. Non-reducing TMJ disk displacement was surgically created in 10 growing New Zealand White rabbits. Ten additional rabbits served as a sham-operated control group. Facial growth was followed in serial cephalograms, with tantalum implants, during a period corresponding to childhood and adolescence in man. The results verified that bilateral non-reducing TMJ disk displacement retarded mandibular growth bilaterally, the extent corresponding to mandibular retrognathia in man. Maxillary growth was also retarded, but to a lesser degree. Growth impairment fluctuated over time, the most striking retardation occurring during periods of general growth acceleration. This should be taken into consideration when orthodontic treatment, aimed at stimulating mandibular growth, is initiated in adolescent individuals with non-reducing TMJ disk displacement.

Mandibular Asymmetry in Noncleft and Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Individuals

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 410-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christodoulos P. Laspos ◽  
Stephanos Kyrkanides ◽  
Ross H. Tallents ◽  
Mark E. Moss ◽  
J. Daniel Subtelny
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Mandibular Asymmetry ◽  
The Asymmetry

Objective: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively investigate mandibular asymmetry in unilateral cleft lip and palate individuals (UCLP) in relation to chronologic age and in relation to lower facial asymmetry. Design: The longitudinal records of 34 UCLP individuals and 142 controls treated in the Department of Orthodontics, Eastman Dental Center, Rochester, NY, were included in the study. Posteroanterior and oblique cephalometric radiographs were analyzed for lower facial asymmetry and mandibular asymmetry, respectively. Mandibular asymmetry in UCLP was analyzed relative to three age groups (6–10, 11–14, and 15 or greater) and compared to controls. Moreover, mandibular asymmetry was analyzed relative to lower facial asymmetry. Results: UCLP individuals showed no significant differences in mandibular asymmetry compared to controls. In addition, no significant correlation was found between mandibular asymmetry and lower facial asymmetry in UCLP. Conclusions: The degree of mandibular asymmetry in UCLP appears not to be the major contributing factor to the lower facial asymmetry noted on these individuals. Possible cranial-base/temporal-region anomalies may be involved in unilateral cleft lip and palate and be responsible of the asymmetry noted in the lower facial skeleton.

ORTHODONTIC PROBLEMS IN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 709-721
Author(s):  
T. M. GRABER
Keyword(s):  
Normal Development ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Developmental Disturbances ◽  
And Function ◽  
Jaw Development

ONE of the most important phases of oral health is the form and function of the oral mechanism. That specialty of dentistry which has as its goal the correction of dental malformations and restoration of the continuity and proper function of the teeth and jaws is called orthodontics. While parents have long been concerned with the obvious esthetic disabilities of malposed teeth, the pathologic implications of these malposed teeth have been the primary concern of the orthodontist. Frequently, tooth malpositions or dental malocclusions reflect growth and developmental disturbances of the upper and lower jaws. Crooked teeth are unsightly, but more important, they probably are functioning improperly, or not at all, which seriously impairs the health and longevity of the teeth and investing tissues. Recent studies of facial growth indicate that dental malocclusions may be grouped in three morphologic categories, on the basis of jaw development and individual tooth malpositions. First, are those types of disturbances which are primarily skeletal in nature. These are problems where the maxilla or mandible has assumed an abnormal relationship to one another, usually through an upset in the timetable of normal development. The teeth in each dental arch may be normal in their position when compared to their respective jaws, but the abnormal jaw relationship means that the upper and lower teeth meet improperly during mastication, deglutition and speech. The second group consists of relatively local disturbances, with the teeth malposed, but with normal jaw relationship. The third group is a combination of the first two, with both improper jaw relationship and with teeth in abnormal positions. Within these three broad categories one may find all sorts of tooth malpositions and jaw relationships; the premaxillary segment may be displaced anteriorly, the whole lower dental arch may be retruded, the upper cuspids may be erupting in the palate, etc. Such conditions may be separate or occur in combination.

scholarly journals A New Orthodontic-Surgical Approach to Mandibular Retrognathia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Francisco Vale ◽  
Joana Queiroga ◽  
Flávia Pereira ◽  
Madalena Ribeiro ◽  
Filipa Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Growth Disorders ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Lower Canine ◽  
Bone Segment ◽  
Free Solder ◽  
Mandibular Retrognathia

(1) Background: Mandibular deficiency is one of the most common growth disorders of the facial skeleton. Recently, distraction osteogenesis has been suggested as the treatment of choice for overcoming the limitations of conventional orthognathic surgery; (2) Methods: A new custom-manufactured dental-anchored distractor was built and anchored in the first molar and lower canine. It consists of a stainless-steel disjunction screw, adapted and welded to the orthodontic bands through two 1.2 mm diameter connector bars with a universal silver-based and cadmium-free solder; (3) Results: The distractor described can be a useful tool to correct mandibular retrognathia and is better tolerated by patients, especially in severe cases; (4) Conclusions: The dental-anchored distractor increases the anterior mandibular bone segment without affecting the gonial angle or transverse angulation of the segments and avoids posterior mandibular rotation, overcoming the limitations of conventional surgical treatment.

scholarly journals Correction of severe facial asymmetry: A case with fractured condyle

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Ramesh Agrawal ◽  
Dolly P. Patel ◽  
Bhagyashree B. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Rigid Fixation ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Condylar Head ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Right

The current paper depicts the challenges faced during the treatment of a complicated case of mandibular condylar head fracture, facial asymmetry, and centric relation-centric occlusion (CR-CO) discrepancy along with Class III malocclusion. A 20-year-old female reported with the chief complaint of difficulty in chewing and concern with her appearance due to deviated jaw and had a history of trauma over chin region. The clinical and radiographic examination revealed significant facial asymmetry with long face, right-sided deviation of the mandible, fractured condyle, CR-CO discrepancy, cross- bite with Class III malocclusion, and a missing mandibular single incisor along with non-vital 21 and 22. She was treated with 0.022 MBT appliance along with guiding plane for CR-CO correction followed by asymmetric bilateral sagittal split osteotomy and differential set back on the right and left sides and finally rigid fixation. A good facial profile and functional occlusion were achieved and non-vital 21 and 22 were esthetically rehabilitated with PFM crowns. The stability of surgical as well as orthodontic corrections was excellent and appreciable in the records obtained 2-year post-treatment. When faced with mutilated malocclusion, with multiple problems, sequential correction of functional malocclusion with dental decompensation followed by skeletal correction with surgical approach has yielded a appreciable facial correction with good stability showing 2-year post-treatment follow-up.

scholarly journals Application of a Novel Automatic Method for Determining the Bilateral Symmetry Midline of the Facial Skeleton Based on Invariant Moments

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1448
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Dalvit Carvalho da Silva ◽  
Thomas Richard Jenkyn ◽  
Victor Alexander Carranza
Keyword(s):  
Good Accuracy ◽  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Bilateral Symmetry ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Precise Location ◽  
Reconstructive Procedures ◽  
Invariant Moments ◽  
Symmetric Pattern ◽  
The Face ◽  
Facial Midline

Assuming a symmetric pattern plays a fundamental role in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of facial asymmetry, for reconstructive craniofacial surgery, knowing the precise location of the facial midline is important since for most reconstructive procedures the intact side of the face serves as a template for the malformed side. However, the location of the midline is still a subjective procedure, despite its importance. This study aimed to automatically locate the bilateral symmetry midline of the facial skeleton based on an invariant moment technique using pseudo-Zernike moments. A total of 367 skull images were evaluated using the proposed technique. The technique was found to be reliable and provided good accuracy in the symmetry planes. This new technique will be utilized for subsequent studies to evaluate diverse craniofacial reconstruction techniques.

scholarly journals Large Complex Odontoma of Mandible in a Young Boy: A Rare and Unusual Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Siva Prasad Reddy ◽  
G. V. Reddy ◽  
B. Sidhartha ◽  
K. Sriharsha ◽  
John Koshy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Rare Tumor ◽  
Complex Odontoma ◽  
Compound Odontoma ◽  
Unusual Case Report

Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumors. They are broadly classified in to Compound Odontoma and Complex Odontoma. Among them complex odontoma is a rare tumor. Occasionally this tumor becomes large, causing expansion of bone followed by facial asymmetry. Otherwise these tumors are asymptomatic and are generally diagnosed on radiographic examination. We report a rare case of complex odontoma of mandible in a young boy. The tumor was treated by surgical excision under general anesthesia.

Pre-eruptive intracoronal dentin defects of permanent teeth

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Noriah Nik ◽  
Rahmah Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Tooth Type ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Early Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Dentin Thickness

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of pre-eruptive intracoronal dentin defects from panoramic radiographs from a group of children and young adults aged 20 years and below. The radiolucent lesions were noted with regard to which teeth were affected, the location of the defects and the size of the defects relative to the width of dentin. Out of 1007 radiographs examined, 275 (27.3%) have pre-eruptive dentin defects. The prevalence of anomaly among males was 28.4% as compared to 26.2% among females. However, the difference between genders was not significant, thus subsequent results have been combined. Of 275 subjects with dentin radiolucencies, 243 subjects (88.7%) had only one affected tooth, 30 subjects (10.9%) had two teeth affected and 2 subjects (0.7%) had three affected teeth. The tooth prevalence of the anomaly was 2.1% and most of the lesions occurred as a single occurrence on the affected tooth.Within each tooth type, the highest tooth prevalence of intracoronal dentin defect was found in the upper first premolar (5.1%). More than half of the lesions extended less than 1/3 of the width of the dentin thickness. The high prevalence of the condition indicates the need for increased awareness and recognition of this during radiographic examination of teeth in the pediatric age group in early pre-eruptive stages so that early detection and diagnosis can be made and treatment can be done at the most appropriate time.

scholarly journals Avulsed permanent incisor – replantation after two days of the trauma: report of a case

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Lívia De Souza Tolentino ◽  
Elen De Souza Tolentino ◽  
Eduardo Dias-Ribeiro ◽  
Marina de Lourdes Calvo Fracasso ◽  
Alfredo Franco Queiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Tooth Avulsion ◽  
The Social ◽  
Considerable Benefit ◽  
Pulp Revascularization ◽  
Slight Alteration

Tooth avulsion is a complex injury that affects the pulp tissue, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. It is more frequent in children aged 7 to 11 years. The prognosis is directly related to the period during which the tooth is outside the socket; there is consensus in the literature that the shorter this period, the higher will be the possibility of pulp revascularization and reattachment of periodontal ligament fibers. The need of maintenance of the avulsed tooth in an adequate medium is also known. This study reports a case of complex replantation after avulsion, in which the care was provided 48 hours after the trauma and the tooth was kept dry by the patient, thus suggesting a treatment option for these cases. The avulsed tooth was cleaned and submitted to endodontic treatment; a rigid retainer was used for 7 days and the calcium hydroxide dressing was constantly replaced for 12 months. After 28 months, the tooth exhibited clinical aspect of normality and the radiographic examination revealed a slight alteration at the apical portion of the root. It was concluded that this treatment planning may be a good option in cases of tooth avulsion with late replantation; even though the conditions of care were unfavorable and contraindicated by the scientific literature and the prognosis was impaired, a considerable benefit was achieved for the patient, since the treatment allowed its immediate reintegration to the social relationships, as well as maintenance of facial growth and development.

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