scholarly journals Influence of Consequentialism and Ethics of Debt on the Formation of Constitutional and Legal Institutions in the Ara of Consumption

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
P. L. Likhter
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Historical Survey ◽  
Ethical Theories ◽  
Depth Level ◽  
Social Reforms ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Ethical Approaches ◽  
The Common

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the influence of two ethical theories that emerged in ancient Greece—the consequentialism and the ethics of debt—on contemporary institutions of the State and the law. The author presents a short historical survey concerning differences in approaches to the hierarchy of human needs in the teachings of Aristippus, Epicurus, Plato, Aristotle and other thinkers. The paper investigates some aspects of the teachings of ancient philosophers concerning the balance between realization of individual’s desires nd his political and legal life. Based on the comparison of the consequential concepts (hedonism, epicureanism, utilitarianism) and Plato and Aristotle ethical approaches, the author concludes that the latter are instrumentally significant. Their ideas of the common good and the golden middle, combined with the pursuit of such values as justice, moderation, empathy, trust in other members of society, can form the basis of a constitutional and legal system that unites general public. Today, the transformation of a legal strategy can only be functional if it is driven at a depth level by social reforms that, in turn, are based on the ethics of debt and are aimed at overcoming the essential risks of the consumption society.

The Breath of Life

2019 ◽  
pp. 1574-1592
Author(s):  
Gönül Kaya Özbağ
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Corporate Citizenship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ethical Theories ◽  
Ethical Concept ◽  
Global Corporate Citizenship ◽  
The Common ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter aims to contribute to the debate about corporate social responsibility (CSR), sustainable development (SD) and global corporate citizenship (GCC) that is becoming increasingly an important issue for the human well being as well as that of ecological systems. It contains three sections. The first section looks at the concept of CSR with a historical perspective. The dimensions of CSR and its relationship with ethical theories is investigated in the second section since CSR is an ethical concept. Throughout this chapter three main groups of ethical theories classified by Garriga and Mele (2004) will be presented such as normative stakeholder theory, universal rights, the common good approach. Based on the relationship between common good approach and sustainable development, the author will discuss a requirement for global corporate citizenship approach in the third section.

The Breath of Life

2018 ◽  
pp. 258-276
Author(s):  
Gönül Kaya Özbağ
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Corporate Citizenship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ethical Theories ◽  
Ethical Concept ◽  
Global Corporate Citizenship ◽  
The Common ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter aims to contribute to the debate about corporate social responsibility (CSR), sustainable development (SD) and global corporate citizenship (GCC) that is becoming increasingly an important issue for the human well being as well as that of ecological systems. It contains three sections. The first section looks at the concept of CSR with a historical perspective. The dimensions of CSR and its relationship with ethical theories is investigated in the second section since CSR is an ethical concept. Throughout this chapter three main groups of ethical theories classified by Garriga and Mele (2004) will be presented such as normative stakeholder theory, universal rights, the common good approach. Based on the relationship between common good approach and sustainable development, the author will discuss a requirement for global corporate citizenship approach in the third section.

The futures of agriculture

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl N. Stauber
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
The Common ◽  
American Agriculture ◽  
The 19Th Century

AbstractOne widely held view of the future of American agriculture is that it will continue the current trend toward fewer but larger farms, greater centralization and vertical integration, and declining rural populations. If so, the research, teaching and extension institutions created to serve agriculture will not survive unless they can adapt to changing political and demographic conditions, especially the domination of the suburbs. This will require these institutions to set new goals for themselves. Their historic pursuit of increased technical efficiency already has been so successful that it has sharply reduced the farm population, which has been their main base of public support. Suburban America, in contrast, will demand an agriculture that is more in harmony with nature. Alternative notions of the Common Good can provide the philosophical basis for this shift Historically, the economic system, including agriculture, has regarded nature as something to be used to advance human well-being. In this view (which could be called “Liberal” in the 19th century sense of the term), the reason to protect nature is to insure that it can continue to serve human needs. In contrast, the “Ecocentric” view of the Common Good emphasizes that humans are part of an ecological community, and that we must optimize the balance between human needs and the health of the ecosystem.

scholarly journals Modern Intentions in Lesia Ukrainka’s Drama Cassandra

2021 ◽  
pp. 2-14
Author(s):  
Taras Pastukh
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Diffi Cult ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
The Common ◽  
Real Language ◽  
Personal Interests ◽  
World Development

In her drama Cassandra (1903–1907) Lesia Ukrainka pays considerable attention to language and demonstrates its two defi ning forms and functional paradigms. One of them is language that appeals to the essential components of being. It is language that refl ects human existence in all its acuity and fullness of appearance. This language is complex and diffi cult to understand, but is the only real language of the age of modernism. Another language is superfi cial, appealing not to the depths of life and universal categories, but to temporary human needs and aspirations. Its task is to identify the ways and means of achieving a desired goal. Such language is manipulative, because its speakers tend to hide their personal interests under claims of the common good. Also, in the drama, Lesia Ukrainka innovatively raises a number of questions related to the internal laws of world development, the processes of human cognition, the functioning of language, and the understanding and interpretation of the word. The formulation and presentation of these issues demonstrate the clear modern attitude that the writer professed and embodied in her drama.

Citizens’ Assemblies and Republican Democracy

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-100
Author(s):  
Stuart White
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Popular Sovereignty ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
Political Equality ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Common ◽  
Institutional Mechanism

There has been growing interest in citizens’ assemblies (CAs) as institutions to enhance democratic politics: assemblies that consist wholly or mainly of individuals drawn at random from the general public so as to be representative of the population, which have the responsibility to deliberate over an issue and make recommendations or decisions. But exactly what kind of role should CAs have in a republican model of democracy, distinguished by commitment to the values of deliberation to the common good; political equality and resilience to oligarchy; and active popular sovereignty? The chapter argues against the view that CAs should replace elected assemblies. However, it also argues against seeing CAs as wholly subordinate to elected assemblies. It sets out a specific institutional mechanism in which CAs are integrated with a power to initiate referendums (the petition-assembly-referendum scheme) and shows how this is supported by the distinctive values of a republican democracy.

Fundamental Metrology: Its Significance for Scientific Awareness in Higher Education

2015 ◽  
Vol 771 ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
Aloysius Rusli
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Human Aspects ◽  
Postgraduate Level ◽  
Time Distance ◽  
The Common

Advances in science and technology have encompassed ever larger and ever smaller scales of time, distance, mass, electrical and electronic devices, temperature, pressure. However, scientific and science awareness have not developed in step in the general population. Many people still regard science and technology as wizardy and magic, incomprehensible and unattainable for the common person. This could be called a cultural time bomb, as the widening divide between scientist’s and technologist’s views with the common lay person’s views will cause a divide between their culture as well. And when the people's legal representatives become differently cultured compared with scientists and technologists, this will cause legal decisions getting disconnected with the common good, due to the incomprehension about science and the scientific way in the representative's way of thinking. This increasing disconnect will not help improving the common good: the nuclear power plant issue is a clear example. A not-so-recent issue of 'shall we signal our presence to extraterrestrial intelligence, or would that attract evil beings towards us?' is also a timely example. Fundamental metrology, with its concern and endeavour to improve and develop appropriate definitions of units and its standards, can decrease uncertainties and increase precision and levels of confidence in its measurements. This can and should play a significant role to improve critical thinking and reflection through improving scientific and science awareness of the general public, to be more able to comprehend some basics in science and technology, and so to recognize relevant ethical issues, realize the sometimes difficult choices between competing technologies, which need critical reflection to be able to discern proper and just choices. This report describes initiation and development of a classroom effort in this direction during these past 15 years, usually receiving appreciation from students, both at the undergraduate and postgraduate level, with an oft-expressed comment, "This should be introduced at secondary level, to become earlier aware of the role and importance of units and standards, and the human aspects of its origins and history". It is proposed that leaders in fundamental metrology of the various units, standards, processes, and history, should enhance efforts and publications to improve scientific and science awareness of the general public, by introducing metrological issues in a popular and interesting way to secondary and university level students.

On everyday academic research

2017 ◽  
pp. 98-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tirole
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
The Common ◽  
Verification Of Models ◽  
Science And Research

In the fourth chapter of the book “The economy of the common good”, the nature of economics as a science and research practices in their theoretical and empirical aspects are discussed. The author considers the processes of modeling, empirical verification of models and evaluation of research quality. In addition, the features of economic cognition and the role of mathematics in economic research are analyzed, including the example of relevant research in game theory and information theory.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document