scholarly journals Clinical significance of ureaplasmas in urogenital pathology

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Vladimir P. Kovalyk ◽  
Elena V. Vladimirova ◽  
Tayana V. Rubasheva ◽  
Natalia S. Sirmays
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Ureaplasma Parvum ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Asymptomatic Carriage ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Positive Results

The clinical significance of Ureaplasmas in urogenital pathology is reviewed. Ureaplasmas belong to the class Mollicutes. Asymptomatic carriage of these bacteria is common, and most individuals do not develop disease. Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum are sexually transmitted bacteria among humans implicated in a variety of disease states including but not limited to: nongonococcal urethritis, adverse pregnancy outcomes, chorioamnionitis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonates. U. urealyticum has been associated with urethritis in men and is revealed in a high concentration that confirms its etiological role in the disease. Men with a high U. urealyticum load are considered for treatment, however, the data on the therapy efficiency have been insufficient so far. In symptomatic women, bacterial vaginosis should always be tested for, and the corresponding therapy should be prescribed in case of positive results.

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology of non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the central Alpine province of Bolzano, northern Italy from April 2016 to March 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Aschbacher ◽  
Francesca Romagnoli ◽  
Elisa Masi ◽  
Valentina Pasquetto ◽  
Franco Perino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Ureaplasma Parvum ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Ureaplasma parvum, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis and Mycoplasma genitalium are established or presumed as (??) STI pathogens. The present study aims  at ng describing the one-year molecular epidemiology of these seven pathogens in the Province of Bolzano, Northern Italy. From April 2016 to March 2017, a total of  2,949 patients, mainly females, were enrolled and 3,427 urine, vaginal, endocervical and/or urethral samples were subjected to simultaneous analysis of the seven pathogens by means of Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (AnyplexTM II STI-7 Detection Kit Seegene, Seoul, Korea). At least one of the seven microorganisms was detected in 40.7% of patients, with an uneven distribution: 43.1% in females (F) and 29.8% (p<0.001) in males (M). The prevalence of microorganisms was as follows: 30.3% U. parvum (F: 35.6%, M: 8.3%), 6.9% U. urealyticum (F: 6.8%, M: 7.0%), 4.9% M. hominis (F: 5.4%, M: 2.3%), 4.9% C. trachomatis (F: 3.4%, M: 11.4%), 1.1% M. genitalium (F: 1.0%, M: 1.2%), 1.2% N. gonorrhoeae (F: 0.17%, M: 5.6%) and 0.40% T. vaginalis (F: 0.38%, M: 0.53%). Mixed infections were detected in 7.4% of patients. The highest prevalence was observed for U. parvum, followed by U. urealyticum and M. hominis and a significant  presence of multi-pathogen infections was registered.

scholarly journals Frequency of Sexually Transmitted Pathogens in HIV- Positive Individuals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuğba Bozdemir ◽  
Candan Çİçek ◽  
Deniz Gökengin ◽  
Sabire Şöhret Aydemir ◽  
İmre Altuğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Ureaplasma Parvum ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Simplex Virus

Objective: Sexually transmitted infections are frequently seen and significant infections for public health. Prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections have an important role in controlling the transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The investigation of the frequency of other sexually transmitted pathogens in asymptomatic HIV- positive individuals was aimed in the present study. Method: Vaginal and urethral swab samples were collected by 90 HIV- positive asymptomatic individuals themselves aged between 20-69 (median=36, SD=10.48) years, between September 2015 and April 2016. The samples were assessed for the presence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum, Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, and Human papillomavirus using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: At least one or more than one sexually transmitted pathogen was identified in 49 (54.4%) of 90 HIV-positive individuals. Human Papillomavirus was found in 31 (34.4%), Ureaplasma urealyticum in 20 (22.2%), Ureaplasma parvum in 15 (16.6%), Mycoplasma genitalium in 8 (8.8%), Mycoplasma hominis in 8 (8.8%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae in 5 (5.5%) and Chlamydia trachomatis in 2 (2.2%) individuals. Trichomonas vaginalis, Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 were not detected in any of the clinical specimens. Conclusion: Approximately 55% of 90 HIV- positive individuals were found to be positive for sexually transmitted pathogens, and . Human Papillomavirus was the most frequently detected pathogen. This condition reveals the necessity of screening even asymptomatic individuals for the presence of this pathogen. Studies are needed to increase awareness in our country on this issue.

scholarly journals Midterm eGFR and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: The Clinical Significance of Gestational Hyperfiltration

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1048-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sehoon Park ◽  
Seung Mi Lee ◽  
Joong Shin Park ◽  
Joon-Seok Hong ◽  
Ho Jun Chin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

scholarly journals Mycoplasma,Ureaplasma, and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Fresh Look

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Larsen ◽  
Joseph Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Recent work on the Molicutes that associate with genital tract tissues focuses on four species that may be of interest in potential maternal, fetal, and neonatal infection and in contributing to adverse pregnancy outcomes.Mycoplasma hominisandUreaplasma urealyticumhave historically been the subject of attention, butMycoplasma genitaliswhich causes male urethritis in addition to colonizing the female genital tract and the division ofUreaplasmainto two species,urealyticumandparvum, has also added new taxonomic clarity. The role of these genital tract inhabitants in infection during pregnancy and their ability to invade and infect placental and fetal tissue is discussed. In particular, the role of some of these organisms in prematurity may be mechanistically related to their ability to induce inflammatory cytokines, thereby triggering pathways leading to preterm labor. A review of this intensifying exploration of the mycoplasmas in relation to pregnancy yields several questions which will be important to examine in future research.

scholarly journals Mycoplasma genitalium infection in women reporting dysuria: A pilot study and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 095646242110300
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Olson ◽  
Kanupriya Gupta ◽  
Barbara Van Der Pol ◽  
James W Galbraith ◽  
William M Geisler
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Infection Frequency ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) infection, a sexually transmitted infection (STI), causes cervicitis and may cause reproductive sequelae and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Some MG-infected women report dysuria, a symptom frequently attributed to urinary tract infection (UTI). Given potential MG-associated morbidity and the likelihood that UTI treatment would be ineffective in eradicating MG, an improved understanding of MG infection frequency and clinical significance in young women reporting dysuria is needed. We conducted MG testing on stored urogenital specimens collected in a pilot study on frequency of STIs in young women presenting to an emergency department for dysuria evaluation and performed a literature review on MG infection frequency in women reporting dysuria. Among 25 women presenting for dysuria evaluation in our pilot study, 6 (24.0%) had MG detected and one-third had co-infection with chlamydia and one-third with trichomoniasis; half with MG detected did not receive an antibiotic with known efficacy against MG, while the other half received azithromycin. In five studies identified in the literature review, dysuria was reported by 7%–19% of women and MG detected in 5%–22%. MG infection is common in young women with dysuria and empiric UTI treatment may not be effective against MG. Studies evaluating the clinical significance of MG infection in women reporting dysuria are needed.

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