scholarly journals Genotoxic markers in patients with diabetes mellitus (Literature review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-168
Author(s):  
Natalya V. Eremina ◽  
Aliy K. Zhanataev ◽  
Artem A. Lisitsyn ◽  
Andrey D. Durnev
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetes Type 1 ◽  
Dna Comet Assay ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

This paper considers studies aimed at identifying markers of genotoxicity (chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei, and DNA damage assessed by the DNA comet assay) in patients with both gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and diabetes type 1 and 2 (T1DM and T2DM, respectively), as well as possible changes in the levels of these genotoxic markers under the influence of medicines and nutritions. Patients with T2DM are characterized by an increased level of genotoxicity markers. The results of genotoxicity markers in patients with T1DM and GDM studies are contradictory, however, they indicate the presence of an increased genotoxic load rather than its absence. The levels of genotoxic damage in diabetic patients may be reduced by physical exercises, diet, and/or hypoglycemic drugs. Metformin, Afobazole and Noopept are recommended for experimental and clinical studies as possible drug candidates that reduce the levels of genotoxic biomarkers in diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Nonspecific body reactivity in patients with diabetes mellitus depending on its type

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2 (70)) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Olenovych
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Diabetes Type 1 ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

According to the results of complex assessment of integral haematological coefficients the development of endogenous intoxication was revealed in case of diabetes mellitus, whose intensity depends on the type of the disease and causes immune system disorganization. The decrease of functional activity of specific immunity as well as nonspecific one in case of diabetes mellitus leads to deregulation of cellular and humoral reactions and depends on diabetes type: in diabetes type 1 the reduction of nonspecific immunoresistance is contributed by microphages, in diabetes type 2 – by macrophages, accompanied by the deficiency of specific immune defense, reliably more significant in diabetes type 2.

scholarly journals Assessing the association of rs7574865 STAT4 gene variant and type 1 diabetes mellitus among Egyptian patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar Samir Abdelmajed ◽  
Mohamed A. El-Dessouky ◽  
Doaa S. SalahElDin ◽  
Naglaa Abu-Mandil Hassan ◽  
Moushira Erfan Zaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetes Type 1 ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Immune Disorder ◽  
Egyptian Patients

Abstract Background Variants in the signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) gene have an important role in the incident of multiple autoimmune diseases including type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). It is a genetically related auto-immune disorder that resulted from T cell-mediated destruction of pancreatic cells that are in control for the production of insulin in the blood. The current study aimed to clarify the role of STAT4 (rs7574865) variant allelic and genotypic variations in the susceptibility to type 1 diabetes among Egyptians by using the real-time PCR. Results A total of 100 patients and 100 controls were genotyped for rs7574865, and the biochemical and anthropometric parameters were measured to show that type 1 diabetic patients had significantly higher levels of HbA1c and triglycerides compared to non-diabetic individuals (P < 0.05). And genetically, the T allele and GT genotype have a significant correlation with diabetes type 1. Conclusion It was confirmed by this study that the rs7574865 T allele and GT genotype have a significant correlation with diabetes type 1 incidence among Egyptian patients.

scholarly journals Birth Weight in Type 1 Diabetic Pregnancy

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquemyn Yves ◽  
Vandermotte Valerie ◽  
Van Hoorick Katrien ◽  
Martens Guy
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Diabetic Pregnancy ◽  
Diabetes Type 1 ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Our aim was to investigate whether birth weight in mothers with diabetes mellitus type 1 is higher as compared to nondiabetic controls.Methods. A retrospective study was performed using an existing database covering the region of Flanders, Belgium. Data included the presence of diabetes type 1, hypertension, parity, maternal age, the use artificial reproductive technology, fetal- neonatal death, congenital anomalies, admission to a neonatal intensive care unit, and delivery by Caesarean section or vaginally.Results. In the period studied, 354 women with diabetes type 1 gave birth and were compared with 177.471 controls. Women with type 1 diabetes more often had a maternal age of over 35 years (16.7% versus 12.0%,P=.008, OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.09–1.95). They more frequently suffered hypertension in pregnancy (19.5% versus 4.7%,P<.0001, OR 4.91; 95% CI 3.73–6.44). Perinatal death was significantly higher in the diabetes mellitus group (3.05% versus 0.73%,P<.0001, OR 4.28; 95% CI 2.22–8.01). Caesarean section was performed almost 5 times as frequently in the diabetes versus the control group (OR 4.57; 95% CI 3.70–5.65). Birth weight was significantly higher in diabetic pregnant women from 33 until 38 weeks included, but those reaching 39 weeks and later were not different with control groups.Conclusion. In Belgium, diabetic pregnancy still carries a high risk for fetal and maternal complications; in general birth weight is significantly higher but for those reaching term there is no significant difference in birth weight.

scholarly journals Analysis of the quality of life of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in real clinical practice who received insulin degludec

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
L. A. Suplotova ◽  
A. S. Sudnitsyna ◽  
N. V. Romanova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Insulin Degludec ◽  
Diabetes Type 1 ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Long Acting

Introduction. Long-term and high-quality glycemic control prevents the development of vascular complications of diabetes type 1 and improves the disease prognosis, significantly increasing life expectancy. A decrease in the quality of life (QOL) of patients with diabetes type 1 is associated with the disease complications development and carbohydrate metabolism status. In connection with the proven advantages of using indicators of time spent in glycemic ranges (TIR, TAR, TBR), the study of their associations with QOL in patients with type 1 diabetes when switching from long-acting analog insulins to insulin degludec is of particular interest.Aims. To assess the quality of life with diabetes type 1 when switching from long-acting analogs to insulin degludec in real world clinical practice.Materials and methods. The study was designed as a prospective, single-center, uncontrolled study. The recruitment of patients with diabetes type 1 who did not achieve the target values of control of carbohydrate metabolism control, who were on therapy with long-acting and ultrashort-acting analog insulin therapy, was carried out in accordance with the matching criteria. The calculation of TIR and TBR was carried out employing the data from professional continuous monitoring of glucose levels and selfmonitoring of blood glucose levels. The SF-36 Health Status Survey was used to assess QoL.Results. The study included 26 patients who met the inclusion criteria and did not have the exclusion criteria. The relationships between TIR, TBR and QoL parameters during insulin degludec therapy were revealed - with vitality, bodily pain, mental health, which demonstrates an increase in QoL mainly due to the mental component of health.Conclusions. Switching patients with type 1 diabetes from long-acting analog insulins to ultra-long-acting analog insulin on an outpatient basis provides an improvement in glycemic control due to HbA1c and TIR, TBR, and also increases QOL satisfaction, mainly due to the mental component of health.

Significant effect of group education in patients with diabetes type 1

HORMONES ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-403
Author(s):  
Zadalla Mouslech ◽  
Maria Somali ◽  
Livadas Sarantis ◽  
Daramilas Christos ◽  
Chatzi Alexandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Diabetes Type 1 ◽  
Group Education ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

scholarly journals Peculiarities of Physical Activity and Self‑Esteem of Young People with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 and Healthy Persons Aged 18–25 Years

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (83) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrija Čapkauskienė ◽  
Daiva Vizbaraitė ◽  
Deimantė Šeštokaitė
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Healthy Persons

Research background and hypothesis. Careful diabetes control slows the onset and progression of life-threatening complications, the development of disability and early disability-related unemployment, and prolongs life expectancy (Danytė et al., 2000). The benefits of physical activity on regular basis comprise improved cardiovascular health, increased  lean body mass, improved  blood lipid profile, enhanced  psycho-social wellbeing and decreased obesity  (Riddell, Iscoe, 2006). Physical activity is one of the main factors influencing glucose level in diabetic patients’ blood (Wiśniewski, 2010). Analysis of self-esteem of the studied revealed a wide range of findings, from trying to outline the modest achievements, pride, and even unwillingness to discuss it to low self-esteem, feeling of guilt and self-reproach for mistakes and failures (Žemaitis, 1995). The aim of the study was to determine physical activity and self-esteem of healthy subjects and patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 aged 18–25 years.Methods. The  study  included  140  individuals  (aged  from  18  to  25  years). Among  41  patients  with  type  1 diabetes mellitus there were 33 young women and 8 young men, and among 99 healthy persons – 79 young women and  29 young men. All the subjects were asked to fill in the questionnaire orientated to physical activity and self-esteem. The short IPAQ questionnaire was used to research physical activity and Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale was used to assess self esteem.Research results. Approximately 60% of subjects with  diabetes mellitus type 1 and about 50% of healthy persons rated their physical activity as moderate. Intensive 60-minute-physical activity was reported by 48.5% of healthy subjects and 34.1% of diabetic patients, moderate 60-minute-physical activity was pointed out by 38.2% of diabetic patients and 35.8% of healthy research participants. The largest walking interval was 1–1.5 hours: in the diabetic group– 28.8%, in the healthy group – 31.65%. Healthy young men and women were physically more active than diabetic patients. Self-esteem in both genders of healthy subjects and diabetic patients was determined as moderate.Discussion and conclusions. Physical activity of women and men with diabetes mellitus type 1 aged 18–25 years was valued as moderate, meanwhile physical activity in healthy persons – moderate or high. Self-esteem is moderate in both groups of patients with diabetes and healthy persons. Healthy men are more active than diabetic patients, similarly, women having diabetes mellitus type 1 are more physically passive than healthy ones. Both patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and healthy individuals aged 18–25 reported moderate self-esteem.Keywords: diabetes mellitus type 1, physical activity, self-esteem.

scholarly journals Midterm Fate of the Contralateral Foot in Charcot Arthropathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 1181-1189
Author(s):  
Felix W. A. Waibel ◽  
Martin C. Berli ◽  
Viviane Gratwohl ◽  
Kati Sairanen ◽  
Dominik Kaiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Major Amputation ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Diabetes Type 1 ◽  
Charcot Arthropathy ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: The contralateral foot in Charcot arthropathy or neuroarthropathy (CN) is subject to increased plantar pressure. To date, the clinical consequences of this pressure elevation are yet to be determined. The aim of this study was to evaluate ulcer and amputation rates of the contralateral foot in CN. Methods: We abstracted the medical records of 130 consecutive subjects with unilateral CN. Rates of contralateral CN development and recurrence, contralateral ulcer development, and contralateral amputations were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed to identify possible risk factors for contralateral CN and ulcer development, and contralateral amputation. Mean follow-up was 6.2 (SD 4) years. Results: After a mean of 2.5 years, 19.2% patients developed contralateral CN. Female gender was associated with contralateral CN development (odds ratio 3.13, 95% confidence interval 1.27, 7.7). Overall, 46.2% patients developed a contralateral ulcer. Among the patients who developed contralateral CN, 60% developed an ulcer. Sanders type 2 at the index foot (midfoot CN) was significantly associated with contralateral ulcer development. Ulcer-free survival (UFS) differed significantly between patients with diabetes type 1 (median UFS 5131 days) and patients with diabetes type 2 (median UFS 2158 days). A total of 25 amputations had to be performed in 22 (16.9%) patients. Three of those 22 patients (2.3%) needed major amputation. Conclusion: Almost 20% of patients developed contralateral CN. Nearly half of people with CN developed a contralateral foot ulceration. Patients with type 2 diabetes had significantly shorter UFS than patients with diabetes type 1. Every sixth patient needed an amputation, with the majority being minor amputations. The contralateral foot should be monitored closely and included in the treatment in patients with CN. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective study.

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