scholarly journals Biochemical studies of tears in patients with diabetes mellitus and dry eye syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 733-735
Author(s):  
A M Nugumanova ◽  
G H Khamitova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Dry Eye Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
The Third ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Tear Glucose

Aim. To study the lacrimal fluid glucose level in patients with diabetes and dry eye syndrome with hyperglycemia and after compensation. Methods. Glucose oxidase method was used to determine the level of glucose in tears of 40 patients with diabetes (80 eyes) who were treated at the endocrinology department. Of these, the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1 has been established in 17 (42.5%) patients, type 2 - in 23 (57.5%). The study also included the control group, which included 20 healthy volunteers (40 eyes) aged 25 to 45 years (12 females, 8 males). Three groups were formed: healthy subjects, patients with diabetes mellitus and no signs of dry eye syndrome, patients with diabetes mellitus and clinical signs of dry eye syndrome. Results. Glucose level in the tear fluid of healthy individuals did not exceed 0.2 mmol/l. No signs of «dry eye» syndrome were found in patients with blood glucose levels up to 9 mmol/l (2nd clinical group). Patients of 3rd group were observed with the clinical symptoms with «dry eye» syndrome if there was an increase of blood glucose level over 17 mmol/l, tear glucose levels were also increased to 7 mmol/l. After the treatment the level of blood glucose in the patients of the second group decreased from 9 to 5 mmol/l, while tear glucose levels decreased from 1.2 to 0.5 mmol/l. In the third group the same clinical pattern was observed: reduction of blood glucose from 17.1 to 7 mmol/l was accompanied by a decrease of tear glucose levels from 7 to 1 mmol/l. There was a reduction of the subjective complaints characteristic for dry eye syndrome in patients from the third group. Conclusion. «Dry eye» syndrome is associated with increased tear glucose levels. The blood glucose level control is one of the methods of dry eye syndrome prevention in patients with diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Estimation of Salivary and Blood Glucose Level among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus – A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
M. Sagana ◽  
Sreedevi Dharman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a clinical syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia because of the absolute or relative deficiency of insulin. It requires frequent monitoring of glucose levels in the body which requires multiple pricking at regular intervals. It could be physically and psychologically traumatic to the patient. This necessitates an alternative to measure the glucose level. This study aims to correlate the salivary glucose level with the blood glucose level in diabetes patients. The cross-sectional study was conducted in 60 patients. Patients were categorized into two groups as Group A- 30 patients with diabetes and Group B- 30 healthy subjects. The blood and saliva samples were collected from the patients and the glucose levels were recorded. All these data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed statistically using SPSS software. The mean (±SD) value of the random blood and salivary glucose level in diabetic patients were found to be 251.4±82.66 and 2.85±0.85 respectively and the mean blood and salivary glucose level in healthy subjects were found to be 101.12±10.14 and 0.875±0.13 respectively. There was a significant correlation between the salivary glucose levels and blood glucose levels among diabetes (p-0.00) and healthy individuals (p-0.00). From the data, the diagnostic accuracy was found to be 100%. Thus, Saliva could be used as an alternative to blood for monitoring the glucose status in diabetes patients.

scholarly journals Nursing Diagnosis Risk for Unstable Blood Glucose Level in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-245
Author(s):  
Amanda Peixoto Lima Nemer ◽  
Tahissa Frota Cavalcante ◽  
Rafaella Pessoa Moreira ◽  
Thelma Leite Araújo ◽  
José Erivelton de Sousa Maciel Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Nursing Diagnosis ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

scholarly journals EFFECT OF AEROBIC EXERCISES AND RESISTANCE TRAINING ON GLUCOSE LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC SUBJECTS.

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Aishwarya Pramod Benkar ◽  
Smita Bhimrao Kanase
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of death and disability in the world and its prevalence is predicted to rise to 10% by 2030. Hence, this study is conducted with objectives to find out the effect of aerobic exercises and resisted exercises on blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects and to compare the effect of both exercises on blood glucose level.Method: The comparative study was conducted at Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Physiotherapy department, Karad. 30 participants with age group between 30 and 65 years were taken. Subjects were selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group A (15) participants were given aerobic exercise on static bicycle, and Group B (15) participants were given resistance training using dumbbells and weight cuffs for 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Diet recommendations were given to every participant.Results: Statistical analysis was performed using paired and unpaired t-test. Analysis showed statistically extremely significant difference in fasting blood glucose level and postprandial blood glucose level in both the groups (p≤0.0001).Conclusion: Thus, this study concludes that both aerobic exercises and resistance training prove to be beneficial in controlling blood glucose levels in T2DM subjects.

scholarly journals Gambaran kadar glukosa darah puasa pada pekerja kantor

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis E. Ugahari ◽  
Yanti M. Mewo ◽  
Stefana H.M. Kaligis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Office Workers ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Abstract: Blood glucose must be maintained in a constant concentration. Hyperglycemia, an increase of blood glucose level, can be a symptom of diabetes mellitus. One of the factors that affect the blood glucose level is physical activity. Low physical activity can be influenced by work. Sedentary lifestyle is identic with office workes. Office workers do not enough time to do physical activity. This study was aimed to describe the fasting blood glucose level among office workers. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. Respondents were obtained by using total sampling method. There were 52 respondents in this study consisted of 25 males and 27 females. The results showed that 45 respondents (86.54%) had normal fasting blood glucose levels, 5 respondents (9.62%) had high fasting blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia), and 2 respondents (3.84%) had low fasting blood glucose levels (hypoglycemia). The maximum value was 243 mg/dL, the minimum value was 63 mg/dL, the median value was 83 mg/dL, the average value was 94.42 mg/dL, and standard of deviation was 37.85 mg/dL. Conclusion: Most office workers had normal blood glucose levels.Keywords: fasting blood glucose, office workers Abstrak: Glukosa darah dalam tubuh manusia harus dijaga dalam konsentrasi yang konstan. Kadar glukosa darah dalam tubuh yang meningkat (hiperglikemia) dapat menjadi gejala penyakit diabetes mellitus. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi kadar glukosa darah ialah aktivitas fisik. Aktivitas fisik yang kurang dapat dipengaruhi oleh pekerjaan. Pola hidup sedentary lifestyle identik dengan pekerja kantor dewasa ini. Pekerja kantor tidak memiliki waktu untuk terlibat dalam aktivitas fisik yang cukup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar glukosa darah puasa pada pekerja kantor. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Pemilihan responden dilakukan dengan metode total sampling. Responden terdiri dari 25 orang laki-laki s dan 27 orang perempuan. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 45 responden (86,54%) memiliki kadar glukosa darah puasa normal, 5 responden (9,62%) memilki kadar glukosa darah puasa tinggi (hiperglikemia), dan 2 responden (3,84%) memilki kadar glukosa puasa rendah (hipoglikemia). Hasil pengukuran kadar glukosa darah puasa mendapatkan nilai maksimum 243 mg/dL, nilai minimum 63 mg/dL, nilai median 83 mg/dL, nilai rata-rata 94,42 mg/dL dan standar devisiasi 37,85 mg/dL. Simpulan: Sebagian besar pekerja kantor masih memiliki kadar glukosa darah puasa yang normal. Kata kunci: glukosa darah puasa, pekerja kantor

scholarly journals Biochemical markers in saliva of patients with diabetes mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Andjelski-Radicevic ◽  
Radica Dozic ◽  
Tatjana Todorovic ◽  
Ivan Dozic
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Frequent Monitoring ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Protein Components

Diabetes mellitus is metabolic syndrome characterized by disorder in metabolism of carbon hydrates, lipids and proteins. The diagnosis of diabetes is established by measuring the blood glucose level using standardized methods. Frequent monitoring of blood glucose level could be inconvenient for patients because of possible pain during blood sample taking. In the last few years biological materials with non invasive sampling, like saliva, have been analyzed. Research has confirmed that some organic and inorganic components of saliva are modified in diabetic patients (glucose, lipid and protein components, oxidative stress markers, electrolytes). Beside other markers, the analysis of glucose in saliva is an attempt to find a non-invasive and painless way for frequent monitoring of glucose concentration in diabetic patients. Collecting saliva is simple and economical, it neither requires expensive equipment nor specially trained staff. Saliva can be taken many times and in unlimited quantity. In regards to the data about the possibilities for using saliva as biological sample in monitoring diabetes mellitus, which could be alternative to blood serum or plasma, the conclusion is that saliva becomes more important in this context.

Outcomes of Hypoglycemia Treated by Standardized Protocol in a Community Hospital

1992 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 491-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan F. Gaston
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Standardized Protocol ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Using Data

Hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes was treated by a standardized protocol in a 300-bed community hospital. Patient outcomes were studied retrospectively using data from medical records. Hypoglycemia was defined as a blood glucose level below 80 mg/dL when symptoms were present, or 60 mg/dL regardless of symptoms. Treatment consisted of 20 grams of fast-acting carbohydrate repeated every 15 minutes until the blood glucose level was above 80 mg/dL. The blood glucose level was then rechecked one hour after treatment. Data from 179 episodes were evaluated. In 153 (85%) cases, the blood glucose levels were within the target range ( 80-200 mg/dL) at the conclusion of treatment. In 135 ( 76%) cases, the blood glucose level at one hour following treatment was within the same target range.

scholarly journals The Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Blood Glucose Levels and Lipid Profile in Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Andika Aliviameita ◽  
Nevy Elensya ◽  
Puspitasari Puspitasari ◽  
Sri Mukhodim Faridah Hanum
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus and its complications are still a major health problem in the world. Diabetes mellitus is closely related to the lipid profile, especially concerning the cardiovascular disease. A method that can be used to treat diabetes mellitus is hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). This study aims to observe changes in blood glucose levels and lipid profiles in patients with diabetes mellitus with hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The determination of blood glucose levels and lipid profiles is done by photometry. A total of 30 patients with diabetes mellitus examined for their blood glucose level and lipid profile before and after hyperbaric oxygen therapy. In the Paired T-test, there were significant decrease in blood glucose levels (p= 0,000), total cholesterol (p= 0,000), and triglycerides (p= 0,000) after hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The conclusion of this study shows there is a significant decrease in blood glucose level and lipid profile (total cholesterol, and triglycerides) after hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

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