scholarly journals New data about the early Neolithic of the steppe Volga Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Ivanovich Yudin ◽  
Aleksandr Alekseevich Vybornov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Materials ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Technological Analysis

The issue of early Neolithic isolation in various territories is one of the most difficult to study. The early Neolithic steppe Volga Region was unknown for a long time. This is due to the small number of Neolithic monuments in the region of interest. The situation changed after the study of the Varfolomeevskaya site. The lower layer of this reference monument of the Orel culture belonged to the Middle Neolithic, layers 2B and 2A - to the late Neolithic. This version was based on a limited source base and a few radiocarbon dates, some of which were of a debatable nature. New field surveys in 2014-2017 on three excavations in Oroshaemoe Settlement and significant series of radiocarbon dates for various organic materials obtained in various laboratories (including AMS) allowed us to revise the periodization of both the Varfolomeevskaya site and the Oryol culture on the whole. This allows you to make a typological analysis of materials, as well as technical and technological analysis of ceramic implements. Thus, the earliest ceramics are made from silt with a natural admixture of shells of mollusks. The lower layer of the monument is now defined as Early Neolithic, layer 2B - the Middle Neolithic, layer 2A - late Neolithic.

scholarly journals Cherkasskaya-5 site and its place in the Early Neolithic on the Middle Don River

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-189
Author(s):  
Andrey Mikhailovich Skorobogatov
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Neolithic Age ◽  
Don River ◽  
The Neolithic Age ◽  
Technological Analysis

The paper introduces materials of Cherkasskaya-5 site, located on the Middle Don River in the Pavlovsky district of the Voronezh Region. Under the two-meter thickness of the lake-alluvial layers, more than a thousand pieces of finds have been ceramics, stone, bone products and osteology. While analyzing the materials of the monument a ceramic and flint complex of the Early Neolithic appearance have been distinguished (7-6 thousand BC). The received radiocarbon dates, the data of technical and technological analysis and the features of ornamentation, ceramics, the typology of stone and bone inventory, help to find one of the possible ways of Neolithization of the Middle Don, in which the leading role belongs to the steppe component. Paleozoological analysis showed that the osteological collection is dominated by the bones of birds (64,4% of all bones), there are mammals (21,8%), fish (9,7%), turtle marsh (4,1%). Among domestic mammals domestic species (dog, horse, pig, sheep) are identified. However, the presence of late Neolithic and Eneolithic (srednedonskaya, dnepro-donetskaya, nizhnedonskaya, and srednestogovskaya cultures) in the ceramics layer leaves open the question of the domestic animal species belonging to the early Neolithic. The material of the site makes it possible to characterize this place as a series of seasonal short-term specialized sites intended for conducting network fishing, hunting for waterfowl, catching turtles and collecting shellfish as well as for processing the products of fishing and hunting in the Neolithic age.

scholarly journals Late Neolithic and Late Bronze Age lithic assemblages associated with a cairn and other prehistoric features at Stoneyhill Farm, Longhaven, Peterhead, Aberdeenshire, 2002-03

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torben Ballin ◽  
Ian Suddaby ◽  
M Cressey ◽  
M Hastie ◽  
A Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Lithic Technology ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Lithic Assemblage ◽  
Lithic Assemblages

Prehistoric remains were recorded by CFA Archaeology Ltd (CFA) in 2002-03 during a programme of fieldwork at the landfill site within the boundaries of Stoneyhill Farm, which lies 7km to the southwest of Peterhead in Aberdeenshire. These included a clearance cairn with a Late Bronze Age lithic assemblage and a burial cairn, with Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age lithics and Beaker ceramics. Other lithic scatters of similar date had no certain associations, although pits containing near-contemporary Impressed Wares were nearby. Additional lithic assemblages included material dated to the Mesolithic and Early Neolithic. What may be proto-Unstan Wares in an isolated pit were associated with radiocarbon dates (barley) of the first half of the fourth millennium bc. These findings represent a substantial addition to the local area's archaeological record and form an important contribution to the understanding of lithic technology and ceramics in earlier prehistoric Scotland.This paper is dedicated to the memory of Ian Shepherd, whose site visits enlightened this and other projects undertaken by one of the authors (IS).

scholarly journals Complexes with Flat-Bottomed Ceramics in the Neolithic from the Don to the Irtysh: A Chronological Aspect

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 139-149
Author(s):  
Vadim S. Mosin
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Points Of View

Purpose. The aim of the work is to analyze the chronology of Neolithic complexes containing flat-bottomed ceramics in the European part of Russia and the Ural-Siberian region, as well as an attempt to highlight patterns in the development of Neolithic Ural-Siberian cultural traditions amidst complexes with flat-bottomed ceramics of the Volga region. Results. Researches of Baraba culture of the early Neolithic of Western Siberia: Tartas-1, Ust-Tartas-1, Vengerovo-2, with radiocarbon dates 8th – 7th thousand BC made it possible to re-address the problem of complexes with flat-bottomed ceramics, especially in the Trans-Ural region and Western Siberia and, perhaps, to reconsider some established points of view. One of the first centers of the autochthonous origin of the Neolithic at the end of VIII – beginning of VII millennium BC is the Baraba cultural tradition of the West Siberian forest-steppe. Also, the autochthonous center for the origin of the Neolithic was the territory of the Northern Caspian region and the Lower Volga region in the first half of the 7th millennium BC. In the middle of the 7th millennium BC in the Volga-Urals region, due to direct migration of the population from the territory of the Aral-Caspian, an Elshan cultural tradition appears. In the second half of the 7th millennium BC the Neolithic of the Trans-Urals is being formed. Technology of Koshkino and Kozlovo cultural pottery traditions was most likely borrowed from the population of the Aral-Caspian, relations with which have been established since the Mesolithic. Conclusion. The obtained results give grounds to identify several centers of origin of the Neolithic in the territories of European Russia, the Urals and Western Siberia with flat-bottomed ceramics at the end of 8th – first half of 7th millennium BC and round-bottom ceramics in the middle of the 7th millennium BC. The oldest among them are sites of the Baraba forest-steppe.

scholarly journals The ratio of the Neolithic and Eneolithic complexes of the forest-steppe Volga region according to radiocarbon dating

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-239
Author(s):  
Anatoly Vladimirovich Somov ◽  
Anton Aleksandrovich Shalapinin
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Internal Edge ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Neolithic Culture ◽  
Genetic Continuity ◽  
The Absolute

The following paper provides a database of radiocarbon dating, which was obtained from the Srednevolzhskaya archaeological culture of the developed and late Neolithic, as well as on the Eneolithic materials of the forest-steppe Volga region. The key issue is the chronological ratio of the melon complexes, which is considered through the construction of graphs of the sums of calibrated radiocarbon dates. Verification of previously obtained definitions was carried out with the ratio of the absolute chronology of adjacent regions. As a result of definitions study for C14, the range of the Srednevolzhskaya Neolithic culture and the Eneolithic complexes coexistence was revealed, which begins with 5050 BC with a probability of 68,2% or 5250 BC with a probability of 95,4% and ends with 3900 BC (68,2%) or 4000 BC (95,4%). The results of radiocarbon dating confirm the genetic continuity between the Neolithic and Eneolithic complexes of the forest-steppe Volga region. In the light of data on the absolute chronology, the assumption of continuity between the Neolithic and Eneolithic can be extended to the basin of the Sok River, where there is a closure of a chronological range of comb Neolithic complexes and aneolithic materials of the Chekalinskiy type. The chronological interval of the late Neolithic ceramics partially coincides with the time of the existence of Tokskiy materials, as well as with the Gundorovskiy type and with an internal edge ceramics.

scholarly journals Results and Prospects of the Study of Neolithic Sites on the Lake Baikal Coast

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 54-82
Author(s):  
A. G. Novikov ◽  
◽  
O. I. Goriunova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Scientific Potential

The article aims to generalize the information on the Neolithic sites of the Baikal coast identified for all period of the research, to evaluate their significance and prospects for further study. It is based on literary, archival materials and the results of our own field work. A list of objects (93 sites) was determined, their mapping was done, preliminary dating was clarified, data on radiocarbon dates ware collected (48 dates for 12 sites). Among the Neolithic objects, microlayered sites containing pure complexes of this time are the most important. 34 such objects have been recorded along the entire coast of Lake Baikal. Excavations were carried out on 17 of them, the rest of the sites were revealed by small excavation works. Approximately a third of objects (29 sites) are identified based on the collection of exposed material. A significant group is represented by macrolayered objects (30 sites), where the Neolithic materials are in a situation of compression with the complexes of other chronological periods. The unevenness of the archaeological study of the Baikal shore is noted. The Cis-Olkhon region has the greatest scientific potential. 10 microlayered sites (out of 22) were comprehensively excavated on this territory. Enough reliable stratigraphy, geological and geomorphological characteristics, qualitative, informative archaeological material, and the series of radiocarbon dates were obtained. The southwestern Baikal shore sites (3 out of 7 microlayered objects have been excavated) and Chivyrkui Bay (1 out of 3 objects) represented a promising material. These archaeological sites are a reliable source base and pivotal in the study of the regional Neolithic. At present, the largest number of sites with complexes of the Early (16 sites) and Late (13 sites) Neolithic have been identified on the Baikal coast. Complexes of the Middle Neolithic in microlayered position are noted at 6 sites. The complexes of the Cis-Olkhon region and the southwestern Baikal coast are provided with radiocarbon dates. For the Late Neolithic there are 25 reliable dates, for the Early Neolithic – 19 dates, for the Middle Neolithic – 4 dates. According to them, the complexes of the Early Neolithic are dated in the range of 7214–6123 BP (8160–6910 cal BP), Middle Neolithic – 5874–5597 BP (6750–6310 cal BP), Late Neolithic – 4967–4217 BP (5840–4630 cal BP). In general, the Neolithic sites of the Baikal coast have great scientific potential and prospects for future research.

scholarly journals Steinalderkeramikken fra Rogaland – en kronologisk studie

Viking ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svein Vatsvåg Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Bayesian Modelling ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Pottery Sherds ◽  
Neolithic Pottery

From the 1800’s and onwards, pottery sherds have been found at a number of Neolithic occupation sites in Rogaland County, Southwestern Norway. In this paper, pottery assemblages from nine contexts are analyzed in order to produce an interpretative chronology. Typological analysis is combined with correspondence analysis and Bayesian modelling of radiocarbon dates. The result is a coherent chronological model that accounts for variations in pottery decoration styles between the late Early Neolithic and the Late Neolithic. There is a development in decorative styles from cord and cord-stamp ornamented vessels followed by a period of pots decorated with cord-stamp, small imprints and incisions, and finally a phase with added lines, comb, and cord-stamp. However, the multi-phased nature of the sites suggests that there are still many unanswered questions. New excavations and re-analyses of older sites are necessary for a better understanding of the developments in Neolithic pottery styles. 

scholarly journals A statistical model for the radiocarbon chronology of the Neolithic forest-steppe Volga region monuments

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
Vladimir Vyacheslavovich Stavitsky
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Probability Interval ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dating Method ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology

The paper deals with the chronology of the early Neolithic forest-steppe Zavolzhye monuments, which is based on radiocarbon definitions obtained from fragments of ceramics. Radiocarbon dates on Elshanskaya and Srednevolzhskaya culture monuments are collected in two tables. They are graphically represented by a probability interval for each date. For the conditional statistical unit the chronological interval of 125 years is accepted. On the basis of statistical data, the author has constructed graphs that reflect the frequency of dates occurrence for periods of 250 years. As for the Elshanskaya culture monuments the highest concentration of radiocarbon dates occurs on a chronological segment 5875-5250 cal BC (39% of all dates). Half of the dates are recorded on the segment 4750-4500 cal BC (21%). Only 12% of radiocarbon dates are in 6750-6250 cal BC, which belongs to the period of the Elshanskaya antiquities development. In our opinion, Elshanskaya culture could not exist unchanged for such a long time. Such a significant variation in time is apparently due to the imperfection of the dating method and the presence of reservoir effects of various kinds. Elshanskaya culture probably existed in 5875-5250 cal BC. At the final stage of Elshanskaya antiquities existence (5500-5250 cal BC) the monuments of Srednevolzhskaya culture started to develop.

scholarly journals Chronology Issues of the Neolithic Cultures in the Volga-Kama Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (37) ◽  
pp. 42-54
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Vybornov ◽  
◽  
Marianna A. Kulkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Neolithic Cultures

In the article, the questions of the chronology of the Neolithic cultures in the Volga-Kama basin are discussed. This discussion is based on the significant series of radiocarbon dates obtained on the different organic materials in several last years. The dates were obtained as tradition scintillation technique, as well as AMS method. There was established the different age of cultural complexes on the same site and the time of transition from early to later Neolithic was determined in the Northern Cis-Caspian region. The beginning of the early Neolithic and the final of the later stage were clarified. The Neo-Eneolithic period in the Lower Volga region has been verified. The frameworks of the Early Neolithic and coexistence of Mesolithic and Neolithic societies in the forest-steppe zone of the Volga region were considered. The low border of the Neolithic period in the forest zone of the Middle Volga region was established. In the Cis-Kama region, the chronological frameworks of the Kamskaya culture were determined and the chronological ratio between complexes of unornamented, pricked and combed ornamented ceramics were explained.

scholarly journals RESULTS OF EXCAVATIONS AT THE ALGAY SITE IN THE STEPPE VOLGA REGION IN 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-121
Author(s):  
A.A. Vybornov ◽  
◽  
F.F. Gilyazov ◽  
N.S. Doga ◽  
A.S. Popov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Domestic Dog ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Bone Tools ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
The Right

The paper presents the results of the Algay site study undertaken in 2020 in the steppe Volga region (Aleksandorovo-Gaisky district of the Saratov region) on the right bank of the Bolshoy Uzen river. During the excavations archaeologists discovered three cultural layers, separated from each other by sterile layers. The upper layer contains finds belonged to the Khvalynskaya Eneolithic culture, the middle layer contains finds from the Caspian one, and the lower layer - from the Orlovskaya culture. The ceramics are made of silty clay with an admixture of mollusk shells. The stone tools differ in raw materials: the Khvalynskaya and Caspian artifacts are made mainly of quartzite, and the Orlovskaya ones are made of flint. The range of objects is dominated by various types of scrapers, knives and cutting points. The flat-bottomed vessels of the Orlovskaya culture are ornamented using the technique of a receding lines with oval and triangular pricks. Patterns are represented by horizontal rows and zigzags. Aurochs, tarpan, saiga and onager were identified among the bones of animals. Bones of a domestic dog were found in the Orlovskaya culture layer, and bones of sheep and goats in the Caspian layer. The bone tools and a shell pendant were also found. The radiocarbon dates indicate the existence of the Caspian layer in the V millennium BC, and the Orlovskaya layer in the VII -VI millennium BC.

scholarly journals NATURAL AND CLIMATIC CRISES AS A FACTOR OF CULTURAL AND ECONOMIC CHANGES IN THE NEOLITHIC–ENEOLITHIC OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Vybornov ◽  
◽  
Marianna A. Kulkova ◽  
Natalya S. Doga ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volga Region ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Technological Analysis

The Lower Volga region is important for studying natural and climatic crises as a factor of cultural and economic changes since the local Neolithic and Eneolithic societies are marked by the early appearance of ceramics, cattle breeding and copper items. However, the impact of natural and climatic crises on these processes has not been considered earlier for a number of reasons. First, most of the sites had not detailed information obtained by the analytic research on past environmental and climatic situation. Second, numerous and contradictory radiocarbon dates prevented from determination of the chronological frameworks of these processes. During the period of 2007–2020 the situation has begun to change with the appearance of new archaeological information including homogenous and stratified archaeological sites. The multidisciplinary research made it possible to obtain new data on the chronological framework of the Neolithic–Eneolithic cultures of the Lower Volga region in context of paleoclimatic reconstructions. The results of archaeozoological studies and technical-technological analysis of ceramics had a significant meaning too. Determination of the species composition helped to establish differences in zoological collections of the Neolithic of the Northern Caspian and the steppe Volga region. It was demonstrated that the emergence of a food producing economy in this territory is associated not with the Khvalynsk, but with the earlier Caspian culture. The entire set of data made it possible to bring the development of the question of environmental factors in cultural and economic changes in the Neolithic–Eneolithic of the Lower Volga region to a new level.

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