Modernization of the complex technology of construction of the roadbed

Background: The analysis of the complex technology of the construction of the roadbed, developed in RUT (MIIT), with the aim of its modernization on the basis of monitoring changes in the characteristics of the soil with the use of fiber-optic cable during construction. Aim: Development of intensive technological modes for improving the reliability of the road surface. Methods: Methods of control and technological regulation of soil compaction in order to reduce humidity at the stage of frost moisture accumulation at the base of the embankment being built. Results: As a result of the analysis, the modernization of the integrated technology is appropriate. Conclusion: The proposed methods of technological regulation are effective in the construction of the roadbed on waterlogged soils.

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High precision and high resolution monitoring of subsurface changes with DAS and airgun

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-10096 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Baoshan Wang ◽

Xiangfang Zeng ◽

Jun Yang ◽

Yuansheng Zhang ◽

Zhenghong Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Fiber Optic ◽

Epicentral Distance ◽

Low Cost ◽

Fiber Optic Cable ◽

The Road ◽

Air Gun ◽

Distributed Acoustic Sensing ◽

On The Road ◽

Road Crossing

<p>Recently large-volume airgun arrays have been used to explore and monitor the subsurface structure. The airgun array can generate highly repeatable seismic signals, which can be traced to more than 200 km. And the airgun source can be ignited every 10 minutes. The airgun source makes it possible to precisely monitor subsurface changes at large scale. The spatial resolution of airgun monitoring is poor subjecting to the receiver distribution. The distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technique provides a strategy for low-cost and high-density seismic observations. Two experiments combing DAS technique and airgun source were conducted at two sites with different settings. At the first site, a telecommunication fiber-optic cable in urban area was used. After moderate stacking, the airgun signal emerges on the 30-km DAS array at about 9 km epicentral distance. In the second experiment, a 5-km cable was deployed from the airgun source to about 2 km away. About 800-m cable was frozen into the ice above the air-gun, the rest cable was cemented on the road crossing through a fault. And the airgun has been fired continuously for more than 48 hours with one-hour interval. On the stacking multiple shots&#8217; records, the wavefield in fault zone emerges too. These two experiments demonstrate the feasibility of using various fiber-optic cables as dense array to acquire air-gun signal in different environments and to monitor the subsurface changes.</p>

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Theoretical and experimental study of deep soil compaction with a cone reamer

Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Gornyi zhurnal ◽

10.21440/0536-1028-2021-3-60-70 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 60-70

Author(s):

Kudratullo Z. Tilloev

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Modeling ◽

Dynamic Characteristics ◽

Soil Compaction ◽

System Analysis ◽

Surface Deformation ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Road Surface ◽

Deep Soil ◽

The Road

Introduction. The road-building machines and mechanisms are always improved depending on the tasks formed in the specific operating conditions of these machines. One of the problems of road construction in difficult climatic conditions is the lack of ground base strength, which results in road surface deformation during operation and periodic traffic restrictions, increasing the cost of maintenance. The road surface annual repair does not fundamentally solve the problem of the roads’ long-term and reliable performance. This problem can be solved by modernizing, for example, a working body for soil compaction based on a crawler excavator. Research aim is to develop a mathematical model for determining the dynamic characteristics of a cone reamer’s effective design to ensure deep compaction of soil foundations for highways and industrial and civil facilities. Research methodology is based on a system analysis of the basic tracked vehicle, the working body, and the compacted soil. The research methods also include mathematical modeling of the cone working body interaction with the soil. Results reliability is confirmed by comparing the results of numerical modeling and experimental studies. The discrepancy between the obtained results of mathematical modeling and laboratory tests in terms of torque and power does not exceed 7–10%. Conclusions. A method for determining the dynamic characteristics of cone devices is developed, and calculation formulas are derived for determining the tilting moment and torque that are applied to the shaft when compacting soils with different characteristics. Experimental studies have been conducted 70 "Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal". No. 3. 2021 ISSN 0536-1028 that have shown the efficiency of this working body. The developed method for determining the dynamic characteristics of cone devices is experimentally confirmed.

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Tire-Road Interactions — Harmony or Conflict?

Tire Science and Technology ◽

10.2346/1.2141676 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 66-84

Author(s):

A. R. Williams

Keyword(s):

Rolling Resistance ◽

Major Effect ◽

Road Surface ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Central Theme ◽

Water Drainage ◽

The Road ◽

Truck Tires ◽

Road Surfaces ◽

Tire Wear

Abstract This is a summary of work by the author and his colleagues, as well as by others reported in the literature, that demonstrate a need for considering a vehicle, its tires, and the road surface as a system. The central theme is interaction at the footprint, especially that of truck tires. Individual and interactive effects of road and tires are considered under the major topics of road aggregate (macroscopic and microscopic properties), development of a novel road surface, safety, noise, rolling resistance, riding comfort, water drainage by both road and tire, development of tire tread compounds and a proving ground, and influence of tire wear on wet traction. A general conclusion is that road surfaces have both the major effect and the greater potential for improvement.

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The ROLE OF CHINA-PAK ECONOMIC CORRIDOR (CPEC) IN LOGISTIC SYSTEM OF PAKISTAN’S AND CHINA’S

Journal of Management Info ◽

10.31580/jmi.v6i1.469 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 48-50

Author(s):

Ikram Uddin

Keyword(s):

Persian Gulf ◽

Lead Time ◽

Fiber Optic ◽

Delivery Time ◽

Fiber Optic Cable ◽

Total Cost ◽

Economic Complexity ◽

Shipping Cost ◽

The Impact

This study will explain the impact of China-Pak Economic Corridor (CPEC) on logistic system of China and Pakistan. This project is estimated investment of US $90 billion, CPEC project is consists of various sub-projects including energy, road, railway and fiber optic cable but major portion will be spent on energy. This project will start from Kashgar port of china to Gwadar port of Pakistan. Transportation is sub-function of logistic that consists of 44% total cost of logistic system and 20% total cost of production of manufacturing and mainly shipping cost and transit/delivery time are critical for logistic system. According to OEC (The Observing Economic Complexity) currently, china is importing crude oil which 13.4% from Persian Gulf. CPEC will china for lead time that will be reduced from 45 days to 10 days and distance from 2500km to 1300km. This new route will help to china for less transit/deliver time and shipping cost in terms of logistic of china. Pakistan’s transportation will also improve through road, railway and fiber optic cabal projects from Karachi-Peshawar it will have speed 160km per hour and with help of pipeline between Gwadar to Nawabshah gas will be transported from Iran. According to (www.cpec.inf.com) Pakistan logistic industry will grow by US $30.77 billion in the end of 2020.

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Optical data signals in fiber optic communication links with fading

Information and Control Systems ◽

10.31799/1684-8853-2019-3-94-104 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 94-104

Author(s):

I. Juwiler ◽

I. Bronfman ◽

N. Blaunstein

Keyword(s):

Spectral Efficiency ◽

Fiber Optic ◽

Fiber Optic Cable ◽

Optical Signals ◽

Dispersion Properties ◽

Optical Cable ◽

Time Dispersion ◽

Communication Links ◽

Fiber Optic Communication ◽

Optic Communication

Introduction: This article is based on the recent research work in the field of two subjects: signal data parameters in fiber optic communication links, and dispersive properties of optical signals caused by non-homogeneous material phenomena and multimode propagation of optical signals in such kinds of wired links.Purpose: Studying multimode dispersion by analyzing the propagation of guiding optical waves along a fiber optic cable with various refractive index profiles of the inner optical cable (core) relative to the outer cladding, as well as dispersion properties of a fiber optic cable due to inhomogeneous nature of the cladding along the cable, for two types of signal code sequences transmitted via the cable: return-to-zero and non-return-to-zero ones.Methods: Dispersion properties of multimode propagation inside a fiber optic cable are analyzed with an advanced 3D model of optical wave propagation in a given guiding structure. The effects of multimodal dispersion and material dispersion causing the optical signal delay spread along the cable were investigated analytically and numerically.Results: Time dispersion properties were obtained and graphically illustrated for two kinds of fiber optic structures with different refractive index profiles. The dispersion was caused by multimode (e.g. multi-ray) propagation and by the inhomogeneous nature of the material along the cable. Their effect on the capacity and spectral efficiency of a data signal stream passing through such a guiding optical structure is illustrated for arbitrary refractive indices of the inner (core) and outer (cladding) elements of the optical cable. A new methodology is introduced for finding and evaluating the effects of time dispersion of optical signals propagating in fiber optic structures of various kinds. An algorithm is proposed for estimating the spectral efficiency loss measured in bits per second per Hertz per each kilometer along the cable, for arbitrary presentation of the code signals in the data stream, non-return-to zero or return-to-zero ones. All practical tests are illustrated by MATLAB utility.

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CNN-Based Road-Surface Crack Detection Model That Responds to Brightness Changes

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10121402 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1402

Author(s):

Taehee Lee ◽

Yeohwan Yoon ◽

Chanjun Chun ◽

Seungki Ryu

Keyword(s):

Surface Crack ◽

Autonomous Vehicles ◽

Crack Detection ◽

Model Performance ◽

Semantic Segmentation ◽

Road Surface ◽

Image Brightness ◽

The Road ◽

Detection Model ◽

Artificial Intelligence Models

Poor road-surface conditions pose a significant safety risk to vehicle operation, especially in the case of autonomous vehicles. Hence, maintenance of road surfaces will become even more important in the future. With the development of deep learning-based computer image processing technology, artificial intelligence models that evaluate road conditions are being actively researched. However, as the lighting conditions of the road surface vary depending on the weather, the model performance may degrade for an image whose brightness falls outside the range of the learned image, even for the same road. In this study, a semantic segmentation model with an autoencoder structure was developed for detecting road surface along with a CNN-based image preprocessing model. This setup ensures better road-surface crack detection by adjusting the image brightness before it is input into the road-crack detection model. When the preprocessing model was applied, the road-crack segmentation model exhibited consistent performance even under varying brightness values.

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Laboratory experiment on the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation effect of road surface oil pollution

Nanotechnology Reviews ◽

10.1515/ntrev-2020-0072 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 922-933

Author(s):

Qing’e Wang ◽

Kai Zheng ◽

Huanan Yu ◽

Luwei Zhao ◽

Xuan Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photocatalytic Degradation ◽

Oil Pollution ◽

Road Surface ◽

Test Method ◽

Driving Safety ◽

The Road ◽

Road Surfaces ◽

The Many ◽

The Impact ◽

Degradation Effect

AbstractOil leak from vehicles is one of the most common pollution types of the road. The spilled oil could be retained on the surface and spread in the air voids of the road, which results in a decrease in the friction coefficient of the road, affects driving safety, and causes damage to pavement materials over time. Photocatalytic degradation through nano-TiO2 is a safe, long-lasting, and sustainable technology among the many methods for treating oil contamination on road surfaces. In this study, the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation effect of road surface oil pollution was evaluated through the lab experiment. First, a glass dish was used as a substrate to determine the basic working condition of the test; then, a test method considering the impact of different oil erosion degrees was proposed to eliminate the effect of oil erosion on asphalt pavement and leakage on cement pavement, which led to the development of a lab test method for the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation effect of oil pollution on different road surfaces.

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