Hayward fault slippage in the Irvington-Niles districts of Fremont, California

1966 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd S. Cluff ◽  
Karl V. Steinbrugge
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Time History ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Parallel Lines ◽  
History Of ◽  
Surface Ruptures ◽  
Warm Springs

abstract Right lateral slippage on the Hayward fault has faken place in the Irvington and Niles districts of Fremont since the well known 1868 Hayward earthquake which produced surface ruptures from San Leandro to Warm Springs. This post-1868 movement has been occurring without being identified with strong earthquakes. Structures and railroads crossing the Hayward fault in the area under study date back to 1866. Fault slippage can be observed at ten separate locations along the strike of the Hayward fault in the Irvington-Niles districts of Fremont, California. One location predates the 1868 earthquake. There is no evidence for parallel lines of fault slippage within the approximately 200-foot wide fault zone. The slippage appears to have occurred within a 10-foot wide band parallel to the strike of the fault. Structures and railroads built at different times during the past 100 years give a time-history of the slippage. The slippage, if any, between 1868 and 1909 is unknown. From 1909 until as late as 1949 or early 1950, there was no observed fault slippage. Approximately one-half foot of slippage occurred between about 1949 or early 1950 and about 1957, and no measurable slippage since 1957.

Stationary and Transient Response of Cylindrical Shells Under Random Excitation

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
A. V. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Transient Response ◽  
Random Vibration ◽  
Time History ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Random Excitation ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Random Vibration Analysis

This paper presents the random vibration analysis of a simply supported cylindrical shell under a ring load which is uniform around the circumference. The time history of the excitation is assumed to be a stationary wide-band random process. The finite element method and the condition of symmetry along the length of the cylinder are used to calculate the natural frequencies and associated mode shapes. Maximum values of the mean square displacements and velocities occur at the point of application of the load. It is seen that the transient response of the shell under wide band stationary excitation is nonstationary in the initial stages and approaches the stationary solution for large value of time.

scholarly journals Miejsce i rola kobiety w rodzinie na przestrzeni wieków. Od Antyku po I wojnę światową. Zarys problematyki

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Rafał Kamprowski
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Time History ◽  
Women's Issues ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The One

For a long time, history of women was not in the mainstream of interest. The interest for this topic was not shown untill the twentieth century. The aim of this paper is to present a long and difficult struggle to gain the status similar to the one women have nowadays. It is difficult to understand the present reality without going back to the past. The role of women is undergoing a lot of changes all the time. This subject is a huge field for research. The article attempts to give a summary of publications which deal with women’s issues.

scholarly journals The historical parallels between today's events in the Donbass and the pages of its past of hundred years ago, when this region was in the center of a fierce struggle between different political forces, social strata, and hostile groups are analyzed in this article. The main attention is focused on the investigation of attempts to create an anti-Ukrainian identity in the Donbass based on the use of prepared facts of events related to the history of the creation and short-term existence of the Donetsk-Kryvyi Rih Soviet Republic. It was determined that during almost the entire period of Ukraine’s independence in the Donbas, with the active participation of the Kremlin, Soviet and imperial interpretations of history were spread, ideas of a special regional identity were formed, and the ideological basis of anti-Ukrainian insinuations was created. At the same time, history was used as a kind of propaganda, and manipulation of the past. It was one of the main strategies of anti-Ukrainian forces in the Donbass. Stereotypes were instilled that this region is the territory of the formation of "novoros", "the people of Donbass", who have their own mentality and even traditions of statehood, unrelated to the history of Ukraine. All this became the ideological basis of the bloody events associated with the attempt to create in 2014 the so-called "people’s republics" in the territory of Donbass. Pseudo-referendums were held in this region, pseudo-independent republics headed by puppet governments, fully controlled by the Kremlin, were proclaimed like a hundred years ago, in order to restore imperial domination in Ukraine, according to the experience of the Bolsheviks. On the example of historical parallels of personal destinies of people who are forced one way or another to lead regional separatist movements or become puppets in the hands of external puppeteers by the revolutionary events of both a hundred years ago and today. It is reminded of the inadmissibility of ignoring the laws of historical development.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Oleh Levin ◽  
Oleh Poplavskiy
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
Time History ◽  
Soviet Republic ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
History Of

The historical parallels between today's events in the Donbass and the pages of its past of hundred years ago, when this region was in the center of a fierce struggle between different political forces, social strata, and hostile groups are analyzed in this article. The main attention is focused on the investigation of attempts to create an anti-Ukrainian identity in the Donbass based on the use of prepared facts of events related to the history of the creation and short-term existence of the Donetsk-Kryvyi Rih Soviet Republic. It was determined that during almost the entire period of Ukraine’s independence in the Donbas, with the active participation of the Kremlin, Soviet and imperial interpretations of history were spread, ideas of a special regional identity were formed, and the ideological basis of anti-Ukrainian insinuations was created. At the same time, history was used as a kind of propaganda, and manipulation of the past. It was one of the main strategies of anti-Ukrainian forces in the Donbass. Stereotypes were instilled that this region is the territory of the formation of "novoros", "the people of Donbass", who have their own mentality and even traditions of statehood, unrelated to the history of Ukraine. All this became the ideological basis of the bloody events associated with the attempt to create in 2014 the so-called "people’s republics" in the territory of Donbass. Pseudo-referendums were held in this region, pseudo-independent republics headed by puppet governments, fully controlled by the Kremlin, were proclaimed like a hundred years ago, in order to restore imperial domination in Ukraine, according to the experience of the Bolsheviks. On the example of historical parallels of personal destinies of people who are forced one way or another to lead regional separatist movements or become puppets in the hands of external puppeteers by the revolutionary events of both a hundred years ago and today. It is reminded of the inadmissibility of ignoring the laws of historical development.

scholarly journals Komposisi Kala

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yoga Supeno
Keyword(s):  
Music Composition ◽  
Time History ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
Time Development ◽  
Drum Set ◽  
The Past ◽  
Electric Bass ◽  
Percussion Instruments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Part Time

Komposisi ini merupakan representasi dari sebuah perubahan pola pikir manusia yang dari zaman ke zaman selalu bergerak maju. Kala yang berarti waktu merupakan refl eksi garis panjang sejarah dari terbentuk dan berkembangnya peradaban pada masa lampau. Perkembangan waktu tersebut kemudian dijadikan tiga bagian waktu (prasejarah, sejarah, modern) untuk menggambarkan perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi pada setiap waktu khususnya di provinsi Lampung. Secara garis besar penyajian Kala adalah memadukan instrumen musik Barat dan etnis yang sebagian besar instrumen terdiri dari instrumen perkusi seperti marimba, vibraphone, xylophone, chime, drumset, bonang Sunda, cetik, rebana serta ditambah dengan instrumen melodis seperti akodion, biola, gambus, dan electric bass. Motif dan teknik permainan merupakan salah satu penggambaran dari ketiga zaman tersebut yang menghasilkan suasana liar, agamis, dan modernisasi dan bernuansa etnis Lampung dan Melayu.Kata kunci: Kala/waktu, sejarah Lampung.ABSTRACTThe Kala Music Composition. This composition is a representation of a human mindset change which is alwaysmoving forward from time to time. Kala which means time is a refl ection of a history starting from when the history andthe civilization were formed and developed in the past. Then, the time development is divided into a three-part time(prehistory, history, modern) to describe the changes that may occur at any time, especially in the province of Lampung.Basically, the presentation of Kala is combining the western and ethnic musical instruments that most of the them consistof percussion instruments such as marimba, vibraphone, xylophone, chime, drum set, bonang Sunda, cetik, tambourines, and melodic instruments such as accordion, violin, harp, and electric bass. The motive and technique of the performance is one of the three depictions of the era that produces the wild and religious atmosphere, modernization, and that is nuanced by Lampung and Malay ethnics.Keywords: Kala /time, history of Lampung

scholarly journals Unsteady Aerodynamic Modeling Based on POD-ARX

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Xiaopeng Wang ◽  
Chen’an Zhang ◽  
Wen Liu ◽  
Famin Wang ◽  
Zhengyin Ye
Keyword(s):  
Compressible Flows ◽  
Aerodynamic Force ◽  
Time History ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
System Response ◽  
Arx Model ◽  
Reduced Order ◽  
History Of ◽  
Signal Sample ◽  
Training Signal

The lack of stability is a problem encountered when applying the classical POD-Galerkin method to problems of unsteady compressible flows around a moving structure. To solve this problem, a hybrid reduced-order model named POD-ARX is constructed in this paper. The construction of this model involves two steps, including first extracting the fluid modes with the POD technique and then identifying the modal coefficients with the ARX model. The POD modes with the block of all modified primitive variables are extracted from the system response to the training signal. Once the POD modes are obtained, the snapshots are projected on these modes to determine the time history of modal coefficients and the resulting modal coefficients are used to identify the parameters of ARX model. Then, the ARX model is used to predict the modal coefficients of the system response to the validation signal. Sample two-dimensional aerodynamic force calculations are conducted to demonstrate this method. Results show that this method can produce a stable and accurate prediction to the aerodynamic response with significant improvement of computational efficiency for linear and even some nonlinear aerodynamic problems. In addition, this method also shows good wide-band characteristics by using the “3211” multistep signal as the training signal.

scholarly journals Variable normal-fault rupture behavior, northern Lost River fault zone, Idaho, USA

Geosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1869-1892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher B. DuRoss ◽  
Michael P. Bunds ◽  
Ryan D. Gold ◽  
Richard W. Briggs ◽  
Nadine G. Reitman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Fault Rupture ◽  
Surface Displacements ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
History Of ◽  
Warm Springs ◽  
The Moment

Abstract The 1983 Mw 6.9 Borah Peak earthquake generated ∼36 km of surface rupture along the Thousand Springs and Warm Springs sections of the Lost River fault zone (LRFZ, Idaho, USA). Although the rupture is a well-studied example of multisegment surface faulting, ambiguity remains regarding the degree to which a bedrock ridge and branch fault at the Willow Creek Hills influenced rupture progress. To explore the 1983 rupture in the context of the structural complexity, we reconstruct the spatial distribution of surface displacements for the northern 16 km of the 1983 rupture and prehistoric ruptures in the same reach of the LRFZ using 252 vertical-separation measurements made from high-resolution (5–10-cm-pixel) digital surface models. Our results suggest the 1983 Warm Springs rupture had an average vertical displacement of ∼0.3–0.4 m and released ∼6% of the seismic moment estimated for the Borah Peak earthquake and <12% of the moment accumulated on the Warm Springs section since its last prehistoric earthquake. The 1983 Warm Springs rupture is best described as the moderate-displacement continuation of primary rupture from the Thousand Springs section into and through a zone of structural complexity. Historical and prehistoric displacements show that the Willow Creek Hills have impeded some, but not all ruptures. We speculate that rupture termination or penetration is controlled by the history of LRFZ moment release, displacement, and rupture direction. Our results inform the interpretation of paleoseismic data from near zones of normal-fault structural complexity and demonstrate that these zones may modulate rather than impede rupture displacement.

Space-time Clustering of Large Earthquakes: A Western U. S. Perspective with Implications for the East

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Large Magnitude ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Thermoluminescence Dating ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adjacent Segments ◽  
Wasatch Fault ◽  
Large Earthquakes

Abstract Results of ongoing paleoseismicity studies along the Wasatch fault zone, Utah, and Lost River fault zone, Idaho, suggest that spatial and temporal clustering of large magnitude surface-faulting earthquakes occur on each. The timing of individual past events is based primarily on radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dating of faulted deposits and on identification of displaced volcanic ashes, all observed in trenches. Figure 1 shows the faulting history of the Wasatch for the past 6 ka. Even though there is variability, distinct patterns emerge. Five of the seven active segments ruptured between 0.3 and 1 ka; if the Salt Lake segment is included, six segments have ruptured between 0.3 and 1.5 ka. From Salt Lake south, a similar sequence of events occurred between about 4.5 and 6 ka. Figure 2 shows timing of events along the Lost River during the past 12 ka. No events occurred from at least 12 ka until middle Holocene. Between 5.5 and 8 ka the northern three segments ruptured; actual timing of events could have been considerably closer. The Thousand Springs segment produced the 1983, MS 7.3, Borah Peak earthquake. These observations suggest thousands of years of quiescence can occur between clusters of activity during which adjacent segments fail in short periods of time (hours, months, decades, a few hundred years?). Segments adjacent to historical ruptures may have a higher potential to produce the next earthquakes, especially if they have elapsed times similar to the historical rupture segment. Similar clustering with even longer periods of quiescence could characterize seismic sources in the East.

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