scholarly journals Rosa e a vida das plantas: a metafísica da mistura no Grande Sertão: Veredas

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-134
Author(s):  
Renata Sammer
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Philosophy Of Nature ◽  
Working Hypothesis ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Living Species ◽  
Ontological Turn ◽  
The Way

Resumo: O propósito deste artigo é investigar a filosofia da forma na escrita rosiana a partir das referências ao mundo natural encontradas no Grande sertão: veredas. Desse modo, busca-se não apenas iluminar a característica invenção rosiana, mas também descortinar uma metafísica, ou melhor, uma compreensão da metafísica que, em parte, afina-se com a contemporânea “virada ontológica”, que hoje instiga os estudos antropológicos, filosóficos e literários. Como identificado na ficção rosiana, a formulação de metafísicas distintas visa desconstruir a tradicional metafísica da representação de modo mais eficaz do que a crítica “pós-moderna” a ela dirigida. De fato, a variedade das espécies viventes que marca a escrita de Rosa termina por aproximar comparativamente metafísicas, perspectivas que se reúnem ao redor de um núcleo poético comum, “vital e irrepresentável” (ROWLAND, 2011, p. 18). Logo, este artigo privilegia a vida das plantas a fim de ressaltar a forma movente ou, ainda, o informe, que Rosa cultiva como ser da ficção. Como hipótese de trabalho, notamos que a variedade das formas das flores é aproximada do amor, assim compondo uma morfologia, e que a vingança, que conduz à guerra que entrecorta o mato, é o modo como essa cultura das formas moventes constrói sentidos e dá origem a novas formas. Como conclusão, veremos que a metafísica das plantas, tal como trabalhada no Grande sertão, ilumina a proposta filosófica de Rosa e coloca sua obra sob uma nova luz.Palavras-chave: metafísica da mistura; poesia; ontologia; Guimarães Rosa; filosofia da natureza.Abstract: The purpose of the present article is to investigate the philosophy of form in Rosian writing contained in the references to the natural world found in Grande Sertão: Veredas. Thus, we seek not only to illuminate the characteristic Rosian invention, but also to unveil a metaphysics, or rather an understanding of metaphysics which, in part, is tuned to the contemporary “ontological turn,” that presently instigates anthropological, philosophical, and literary studies. As identified in Rosian fiction, the formulation of different metaphysics aims to deconstruct the traditional metaphysics of representation in a more effective way than the “postmodern” critique addressed to it. In fact, the variety of living species that characterizes Rosa’s writings ends up comparatively approaching different metaphysics, perspectives that gather around a common, “vital and unrepresentable” (ROWLAND, 2011, p. 18) core. Thus, the emphasis given to the life of plants in this article seeks to emphasize the moving form or, likewise, what is formless, that Rosa cultivates as the nature of fiction. As a working hypothesis, we note that the variety in the form of flowers is approximated to love, thus composing a morphology, and that revenge, which drives the war that cuts through the bushes, is the way in which this culture of moving forms shapes new meanings and originates new forms. As a conclusion, we will see that the metaphysics of plants, as suggested in Grande Sertão, illuminates Rosa’s philosophical proposal and places his work under a new light.Keywords: metaphysics of mixture; poetry; ontology; Guimarães Rosa; philosophy of nature.

„Raps“

POETICA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 282-313
Author(s):  
Robert Stockhammer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
Materiality Of Language

Abstract The recent controversy about the possibility of defining a new geological era called ‘Anthropocene’ has far-ranging consequences. The new notion forces us to rethink the dichotomy between the entities formerly referred to as men and nature and to conceive of their relation as an interrelation. The relevance of these considerations for literary studies is not limited to the anthropocene as a subject matter of literature, or to the possible use of literature as a means of enhancing the reader’s awareness of climate change. Rather, what is at stake is the relation of language to the new interrelation between man and nature, including the poetical and metalinguistic functions that emphasize the materiality of language. The present article explores the relation between the materiality of language and the materiality of things by way of a close reading of a single poem written by Marcel Beyer. Devoted to the cultivated plant rape, the literary traditions which this poem invokes reach beyond nature lyrics into georgic. An excursus recalls this genre of agriculture poetry and distinguishes it from pastoral, especially with regard to its use of language.

Un Dieu sadique : le rôle de l’image blasphématoire de Dieu dans Dolce agonia de Nancy Huston

2013 ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Izabela Front
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Character Of God ◽  
Double Character ◽  
The Way

The present article seeks to analyze the way in which the blasphemous figure of God in Dolce agonia by Nancy Huston allows the author to describe the sacred element in human life, seen as deprived of transcendental character. This is possible thanks to the three aspects of the text dependent on the type of God’s figure, which are: the contrast between passages marked by the cynical God’s voice and passages focused on man’s life filled with suffering; the tone and the appropriation of time var-iations and, finally, the double character of God who, at the same time, is indifferent to man’s lot while touched by his capacity of love.

Affiliations, aggressions and an adoption: Male–male relationships in wild bonobos

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Surbeck ◽  
Gottfried Hohmann
Keyword(s):  
Close Relationships ◽  
Group Living ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Male Group ◽  
Cooperative Hunting ◽  
Sexual Behaviours ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Living Species ◽  
The Way

The nature of the relationships between males is a characteristic trait of many multi-male group living species with implications for the individuals. In our study population of bonobos, certain male dyads exhibit clear preferences for ranging in the same party and sitting in proximity. These preferences are not reflected in the frequency of aggression towards each other and only to some extent in their affiliative and socio-sexual behaviours. While bonobo males at LuiKotale clearly do not benefit from close relationships in the way chimpanzee males do (cooperative hunting, territorial patrol, mate competition), some relationships might result from close associations between their mothers. In some particular situations, these male relationships can be very important as in the case of an orphan adopted by his older maternal brother. La nature des relations entre mâles est un trait caractéristique de plusieurs groupes qui ont plusieurs mâles, avec des implications au niveau d’individus. Dans notre étude des populations de bonobos, certains dyades mâles montrent une préférence à aller dans le même groupe et s’asseoir proche l’un de l’autre. Cette préférence n’est pas reflétée dans la fréquence d’agression entre eux et est seulement lié, à degrés, à leur comportements socio-sexuels et d’appartenance. Tandis que les mâles bonobos à LuiKotale ne profitent pas de leur fortes relations comme les chimpanzés mâles (chasse coopérative, patrouille territoriale, compétition pour compagnon), ils peuvent aider leur partenaires à supporter le stress de la vie en groupe et peuvent en conséquence contribuer au bien-être des individus. Quelques proches associations entre les mâles peuvent provenir d’associations entre leurs mères. Dans quelques situations particulières, ces relations mâles prouvent leur importance comme dans le cas d’un orphelin adopté par son grand frère maternel.

Epilogue

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Natural World ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Way

This chapter recalls the way in which landscapes are constructed, both in literary terms and in physical terms by characters within Herodotus’ narrative. It explores some modern parallels, such as the Kerch bridge which will link Crimea to Russia, for the manipulation of landscape through monumental engineering works as a symbol of imperial ambitions. It suggests, therefore, that the narrative of Herodotus, with its subtle and differentiated presentation of man’s interaction with the natural world, especially in the context of imperial projects, and its underlying proposition that the map of empire is constantly evolving, remains of immediate relevance to the modern world.

Biblical Criticism and the Challenge of Postmodernism

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Terence J. Keegan
Keyword(s):  
Reader Response ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Biblical Criticism ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Way

AbstractPostmodernism involves recognizing that the objective certitude sought by modern scientific and humanistic methods is not possible. Deconstruction paved the way for postmodernism in literary studies, but it is most evident in the work of some reader-response critics. Many reader-response critics utilize the indeterminacy of postmodern insight but are hesitant to accept its subjectivist implications. Biblical scholars tend to prefer methods that yield verifiable results, but some have successfully used postmodern approaches. Christian scholars, though committed to an idea of transcendence to which postmodernism seems to deny access, can still profitably use postmodern approaches but must be prepared to deal with such questions as inspiration and the relation of scholarship to the Church.

scholarly journals The Ethical Experience of Nature: Aristotle and the Roots of Ecological Phenomenology

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan B. Van der Schyff
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Deep Ecology ◽  
Scientific Culture ◽  
Environmental Challenges ◽  
Moral Meaning ◽  
Ethical Experience ◽  
The Way

I demonstrate here how Aristotle's teleological conception of nature has been largely misunderstood in the scientific age and I consider what his view might offer us with regard to the environmental challenges we face in the 21st century. I suggest that in terms of coming to an ethical understanding of the creatures and things that constitute the ecosystem, Aristotle offers a welcome alternative to the rather instrumental conception of the natural world and low estimation of subjective experience our contemporary techno-scientific culture espouses. Among other things, I consider how his conception of orexis and eudaimonia (happiness or, as I prefer here, "the flourishing life") might be extended to include the eco-system itself, thus allowing us to better understand the moral meaning of nature. I conclude with a look at the way in which modern phenomenology re-addresses the fundamental Greek concern with ontology, meaning and human authenticity. I consider the ways in which phenomenology reasserts the value of direct human experience that was so important to Aristotle; and I consider how this view, and that of Deep ecology, may help us to experience nature - and all of Being for that matter - in a more authentic, meaningful and altogether ethical light.

scholarly journals The Kwanyin Clan: Modern Literati Graffiti Writers

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Iezzi
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Chinese Art ◽  
Artistic Production ◽  
New Development ◽  
Art Forms ◽  
Traditional Arts ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Way

After illustrating the varied artistic production of the Kwanyin Clan, one of the most important Chinese graffiti crews, this paper analyses six of their main artworks in detail (styles, techniques, aesthetic conceptions and artworks texts). In these artworks, the Kwanyin Clan tried for the first time to merge Euro-American graffiti practice with the ancient traditional arts practiced and appreciated by the Chinese literati (calligraphy, poetry, painting, seals and ceramics). Comparing the Kwanyin Clan members to ‘modern literati writers’, the present article shows how this crew succeeded in reinventing ancient Chinese art forms using Euro-American graffiti vocabulary, paving the way for a new development of graffiti art in China.

scholarly journals Art (and) Criticism: Hart Crane and David Siqueiros

Text Matters ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 229-243
Author(s):  
Alicja Piechucka
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Art Criticism ◽  
Hart Crane ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
Art And Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

The article focuses on an analysis of Hart Crane’s essay “Note on the Paintings of David Siqueiros.” One of Crane’s few art-historical texts, the critical piece in question is first of all a tribute to the American poet’s friend, the Mexican painter David Siqueiros. The author of a portrait of Crane, Siqueiros is a major artist, one of the leading figures that marked the history of Mexican painting in the first half of the twentieth century. While it is interesting to delve into the way Crane approaches painting in general and Siqueiros’ oeuvre in particular, an analysis of the essay with which the present article is concerned is also worthwhile for another reason. Like many examples of art criticism—and literary criticism, for that matter—“Note on the Paintings of David Siqueiros” reveals a lot not only about the artist it revolves around, but also about its author, an artist in his own right. In a text written in the last year of his life, Hart Crane therefore voices concerns which have preoccupied him as a poet and which, more importantly, are central to modernist art and literature.

scholarly journals Loving Nature in João Guimarães Rosa: The Non-human as 'amável'

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-74
Author(s):  
Ashley Brock
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Emotional Relationships ◽  
Joao Guimaraes Rosa ◽  
Human World ◽  
Human Capacity ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Cost

In the present article, I locate an implicit environmentalism JoãoGuimarães Rosa’s writing from the 1950s and 1960s. This sensibility is easy tomiss, in part because it transposes political debates on damage inflicted in thename of development and progress onto the affective-ethical plane; however, itdoes so in a way that resists sentimentality or projecting a misplaced innocenceonto the non-human world. Focusing on emotional relationships between humansand non-humans, I read “As margens da alegria” and “Os cimos” as expressingan eco-critical discourse that was already latent in Grande sertão: veredas.Recasting the natural world as a site of both unfathomable otherness and relationsof tenderness, Guimarães Rosa presents the emotional hold that nature has onhumans and the cost of cleaving oneself from it—a cost that includes diminishingthe human capacity for delight, wonder, and eros.

scholarly journals Powidoki wiersza. Eksperyment lektury poezji Bolesława Leśmiana

2019 ◽  
pp. 179-213
Author(s):  
Mateusz Kłosowski
Keyword(s):  
Literary Studies ◽  
New Meanings

The article shows how the visual-painting category of afterimage, which derives from Władysław Strzemiński’s concept, functions at the level of literature (in the poetry of Bolesław Leśmian) and literary studies, as an attempt to apply art concepts to the interpretation of verse. The text is experimental in that it suggests using afterimage as a tool of cognitive philosophy that enables the new meanings to be highlighted in reading the poetic works of Leśmian and in establishing the relations between the visual and the word.

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