Vitamin D and Insulin Action and Secretion –An Overview of Current Understanding and Future Perspectives

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne L Gulseth ◽  
Cecilie Wium ◽  
Kåre I Birkeland ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indirect Measures

Impaired vitamin D status has been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes. This review summarises the current knowledge of the effects of vitamin D on insulin action and secretion. Animal andin vitrostudies suggest an effect of vitamin D on insulin action and secretion. The effects of vitamin D status in humans are not as clear, however, and cross-sectional data on insulin sensitivity and secretion are inconclusive. Intervention studies are few and often suffer from inadequate design including short duration, low sample power, low dose of vitamin D or use of indirect measures of insulin sensitivity and secretion. Despite some plausible biological mechanisms for an effect of vitamin D on both insulin secretion and action, more evidence is needed to decide whether vitamin D plays an important role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes.

The association between vitamin D status and type 2 diabetes in a Thai population, a cross-sectional study

2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 658-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
La-or Chailurkit ◽  
Wichai Aekplakorn ◽  
Boonsong Ongphiphadhanakul
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Vitamin D Status and Its Relationship with Metabolic Markers in Persons with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in the UAE: A Cross-Sectional Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amena Sadiya ◽  
Solafa M. Ahmed ◽  
Sijomol Skaria ◽  
Salah Abusnana
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glycemic Profile

Aim.To report vitamin D status and its impact on metabolic parameters in people in the United Arab Emirates with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D).Methodology.This cross-sectional study included 309 individuals with obesity and T2D who were randomly selected based on study criteria. Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (s-25(OH)D), calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase, glycemic profile, and cardiometabolic parameters were assessed in fasting blood samples, and anthropometric measurements were recorded.Results.Vitamin D deficiency (s-25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L) was observed in 83.2% of the participants, with a mean s-25(OH)D of 33.8 ± 20.3 nmol/L. Serum 25(OH)D correlated negatively (P<0.01) with body mass index, fat mass, waist circumference, parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B and positively (P<0.01) with age and calcium concentration. Waist circumference was the main predictor of s-25(OH)D status. There was no significant association between serum 25(OH)D and glycemic profile.Conclusion.There is an overwhelming prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in our sample of the Emirati population with obesity and T2D. Association of s-25(OH)D with body mass index, waist circumference, fat mass, markers of calcium homeostasis and cardiometabolic parameters suggests a role of vitamin D in the development of cardiometabolic disease-related process.

scholarly journals Role of Vitamin D in Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity for Glucose Homeostasis

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A. Alvarez ◽  
Ambika Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional

Vitamin D functions are not limited to skeletal health benefits and may extend to preservation of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. This review summarizes the literature related to potential vitamin D influences on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Cross-sectional data provide some evidence that circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is inversely associated with insulin resistance, although direct measurements of insulin sensitivity are required for confirmation. Reported associations with insulin secretion, however, are contradictory. Available prospective studies support a protective influence of high 25(OH)D concentrations on type 2 diabetes mellitus risk. There is a general lack of consistency in vitamin D intervention outcomes on insulin secretion and sensitivity, likely due to differences in subject populations, length of interventions, and forms of vitamin D supplementation. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and vitamin D interactions with the insulin like growth factor system may further influence glucose homeostasis. The ambiguity of optimal vitamin D dosing regimens and optimal therapeutic concentrations of serum 25(OH)D limit available intervention studies. Future studies, including cross-sectional and prospective, should be performed in populations at high risk for both vitamin D deficiency and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Well-designed, placebo-controlled, randomized intervention studies are required to establish a true protective influence of vitamin D on glucose homeostasis.

588-P: Vitamin D Status in a Bulgarian Population with Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 588-P
Author(s):  
ANI S. TODOROVA ◽  
RUMYANA DIMOVA ◽  
NEVENA CHAKAROVA ◽  
MINA SERDAROVA ◽  
GRETA GROZEVA-DAMYANOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Bulgarian Population

Association of plasma acylcarnitines with insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and prediabetes in a biracial cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 153537022110094
Author(s):  
Ibiye Owei ◽  
Nkiru Umekwe ◽  
Frankie Stentz ◽  
Jim Wan ◽  
Sam Dagogo-Jack
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Intravenous Glucose

The ability to predict prediabetes, which affects ∼90 million adults in the US and ∼400 million adults worldwide, would be valuable to public health. Acylcarnitines, fatty acid metabolites, have been associated with type 2 diabetes risk in cross-sectional studies of mostly Caucasian subjects, but prospective studies on their link to prediabetes in diverse populations are lacking. Here, we determined the association of plasma acylcarnitines with incident prediabetes in African Americans and European Americans enrolled in a prospective study. We analyzed 45 acylcarnitines in baseline plasma samples from 70 adults (35 African-American, 35 European-American) with incident prediabetes (progressors) and 70 matched controls (non-progressors) during 5.5-year (mean 2.6 years) follow-up in the Pathobiology of Prediabetes in a Biracial Cohort (POP-ABC) study. Incident prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose/impaired glucose tolerance) was confirmed with OGTT. We measured acylcarnitines using tandem mass spectrometry, insulin sensitivity by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, and insulin secretion using intravenous glucose tolerance test. The results showed that progressors and non-progressors during POP-ABC study follow-up were concordant for 36 acylcarnitines and discordant for nine others. In logistic regression models, beta-hydroxy butyryl carnitine (C4-OH), 3-hydroxy-isovaleryl carnitine/malonyl carnitine (C5-OH/C3-DC), and octenoyl carnitine (C8:1) were the only significant predictors of incident prediabetes. The combined cut-off plasma levels of <0.03 micromol/L for C4-OH, <0.03 micromol/L for C5-OH/C3-DC, and >0.25 micromol/L for C8:1 acylcarnitines predicted incident prediabetes with 81.9% sensitivity and 65.2% specificity. Thus, circulating levels of one medium-chain and two short-chain acylcarnitines may be sensitive biomarkers for the risk of incident prediabetes among initially normoglycemic individuals with parental history of type 2 diabetes.

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