scholarly journals Analysis of Results of Donor Blood Screening Tests of Hanmaeum Blood Center (2011~2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
Dong Hee Seo ◽  
Hyoung Ju Yoon ◽  
Jae Chan Ahn ◽  
Yoo-Sung Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tests ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
Blood Center ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Blood Screening

Donor blood screening and moral responsibility: how safe should blood be?

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Verweij ◽  
Koen Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
Standard Argument ◽  
Medical Products ◽  
Healthcare Interventions ◽  
Blood Screening

Some screening tests for donor blood that are used by blood services to prevent transfusion-transmission of infectious diseases offer relatively few health benefits for the resources spent on them. Can good ethical arguments be provided for employing these tests nonetheless? This paper discusses—and ultimately rejects—three such arguments. According to the ‘rule of rescue’ argument, general standards for cost-effectiveness in healthcare may be ignored when rescuing identifiable individuals. The argument fails in this context, however, because we cannot identify beforehand who will benefit from additional blood screening tests. On the ‘imposed risk’ argument, general cost-effectiveness standards do not apply when healthcare interventions impose risks on patients. This argument ignores the fact that imposing risks on patients is inevitable in healthcare and that these risks can be countered only within reasonable limits. Finally, the ‘manufacturing standard’ argument premises that general cost-effectiveness standards do not apply to procedures preventing the contamination of manufactured medical products. We contend that while this argument seems reasonable insofar as commercially manufactured medical products are concerned, publicly funded blood screening tests should respect the standards for general healthcare. We conclude that these particular arguments are unpersuasive, and we offer directions to advance the debate.

scholarly journals HTLV screening of blood donors using chemiluminescence immunoassay in three major provincial blood centers of China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junpeng Zhao ◽  
Feixue Zhao ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
Xiaoxuan Xu ◽  
Lilin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Chemiluminescence Immunoassay ◽  
Blood Donations ◽  
High School Degree ◽  
Blood Center ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
Confirmatory Tests ◽  
Blood Screening

Abstract Background: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) remains a major safety concern for blood supplies. Despite many HTLV positive cases being reported in southeastern China, the detection of HTLV has not been prioritized in routine blood screening. Additionally, data on the prevalence of HTLV infection among blood donors is also limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HTLV among blood donors in three Chinese provinces through their representative blood centers, to evaluate the feasibility of chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) for blood screening.Methods: From November 2018 to March 2019, blood plasma samples were collected from Hebei, Changsha, and Shenzhen blood centers and were screened for the HTLV-1/2 antibody using a CLIA and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This was followed by confirmatory tests using INNO-LIA HTLV I/II.Results: A total of 59,929 blood donations were collected and screened for HTLV-1/2. The reactive rate of CLIA and ELISA among donations in the Shenzhen blood center (0.0943%, 27/28, 621) was higher than Hebei (0.0248%, 4/16,144), and Changsha (0.0198%, 3/15,164) (p < 0.05). After confirmation, 3 samples were confirmed as indeterminate for HTLV antibodies, and only one sample from the Shenzhen blood center was confirmed as HTLV-1. The overall prevalence of HTLV-1/2 was 1.67 per 100 000 (1/59,929). The HTLV-infected blood came from a 32-year-old first-time female donor with a high school degree, who belonged to the SHE ethnic minority and was born in the Fujian province.Conclusions: In summary, the overall prevalence of HTLV-1/2 among blood donors in the three blood centers in China remains relatively low. However, blood donations with positive or indeterminate results for HTLV antibodies reminded us of the importance of HTLV screening among blood donors in China.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Specificity of Sucrose Hemolysis Test for Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

Blood ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT C. HARTMANN ◽  
DAVID E. JENKINS ◽  
ANITA B. ARNOLD
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Specificity ◽  
Blood Disorders ◽  
Hemolysis Test ◽  
Undiluted Serum ◽  
Blood Screening

Abstract The diagnostic specificity of the various modifications of the sucrose hemolysis test for PNH was examined in detail. In whole blood screening tests the greatest specificity was achieved using citrated or oxalated blood and room temperature incubation (23°). Defibrinated whole blood should not be used since "false positive" hemolysis may occur in blood disorders other than PNH. Mechanisms were suggested for this phenomenon. The validity of the confirmatory sucrose hemolysis test employing normal serum was further reported. Because of the clear, colorless character of serum-sucrose mixtures, an insignificant degree of hemolysis (i.e., less than 5%) is more readily visible than in other PNH hemolytic tests employing undiluted serum. Definitive instructions and criteria for interpretation were given for both the whole blood screening test and the confirmatory sucrose hemolysis test.

scholarly journals HTLV screening using chemiluminescence immunoassay among blood donors in three blood centers in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junpeng Zhao ◽  
Feixue Zhao ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
Xiaoxuan Xu ◽  
Lilin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Chemiluminescence Immunoassay ◽  
Blood Donations ◽  
High School Degree ◽  
Blood Center ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
Blood Screening

Abstract Background Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) remains a concern for blood safety. The detection of HTLV has not yet been applied for routine blood screening in China, even though lots of HTLV positive cases have been reported in southeastern China. However, data on the prevalence of HTLV infection among blood donors is limited. Objective The objective was to investigate the prevalence of HTLV among blood donors in three representative blood centers in China and evaluate the feasibility of chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) for blood screening. Methods From November 2018 to March 2019, blood plasma samples collected from Hebei, Changsha and Shenzhen blood centers were screening for HTLV-1/2 antibody using Lumipulse G HTLV-I/II Immunoreaction Cartridges set (CLIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), followed with confirmatory test using INNO-LIA HTLV I/II. Results A total of 59929 blood donations were collected and screened for HTLV-1/2. The reactive rate of CLIA and ELISA among donations in Shenzhen blood center (0.0943%, 27/28621) was higher than Hebei (0.0248%, 4/16144) and Changsha (0.0198%, 3/15164) ( P <0.05). After confirmation, 3 samples were confirmed as indeterminate for HTLV antibodies, only 1 sample from Shenzhen blood center was confirmed and typed as HTLV-1. The overall prevalence of HTLV-1/2 was 1.67 per 100,000 (1/59929). The HTLV-infected blood donor was a first female donor at age 32 with high school degree, born in Fujian province, and SHE minority. Conclusion In summary, the overall prevalence of HTLV-1/2 among blood donors in the tree blood centers in China remains relatively low. However, blood donations with positive or indeterminate results for HTLV antibodies found in the study reminded us the importance of HTLV screening among blood donors in China. In the view of HTLV prevalence and cost, all the first-blood donors should undergo HTLV screening as a systematic strategy to reduce the risk of transmission of HTLV through blood transfusion.

scholarly journals BRIEF OVERVIEW ON HEPATITIS C VIRUS IMMUNOASSAYS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-184
Author(s):  
Rajesh Sharma ◽  
Pankaj Sharma ◽  
Gaush Talat ◽  
Praveen Gautam ◽  
Reba Chhabra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
Chemiluminescence Immunoassay ◽  
Window Period ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Blood Screening

The publication deals with a brief overview of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and donor blood screening for HCV by using conventional Rapid, Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA) also. The advantages of various generation of HCV tests in terms of sensitivity, specificity and reduction in window period are discussed.

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