scholarly journals A Contrastive Analysis on episememe of aspect marker ‘zhe着’ and related syntactic structures in Korean and Chinese

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (37) ◽  
pp. 225-237
Author(s):  
Hodeug Chang
Keyword(s):  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Aspect Marker

Cherchez Les Valences

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 145-157
Author(s):  
Wim Honselaar
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Word Meanings ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
East European ◽  
Systematic Description ◽  
Russian Verb ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
Definition Of

One of the aims of every linguistic theory is to provide an exact and systematic description of the meaning of any sentence. The notion of "valence" is widely used in West- and East-European linguistics (Tesnière, Helbig/Schenkel, Apresjan, Mel'cuk, etc.) in order to account for the connection between syntactic structures and word meanings. So, in John saw the children it is due to the inherent valences of SEE that John is under-stood as 'seeing' and the children as 'seen': the referents of these two sentence elements carry specific meaning aspects of the verb. They only function in this way if they meet the formal characteristics set by the verb. In this paper I furnish a definition of "valence" and a corresponding discovery procedure. This procedure yields an explicit set of valences of any particular word. Valences are considered aspects of the meaning of a (set of) word(s) X, carried by the referent of a (set of) word(s) Y; as a corrolary, the meaning of this Y cannot be completely understood without taking into account the functioning of its referent as the carrier of the valence meaning. The discovery procedure does not assign a specific valence meaning to a verb if the functioning of the corresponding sentence element can be (completely) accounted for on the grounds of its own form. To illustrate this point, a valence labelled "price" which is claimed by Apresjan for the Russian verb ARENDOVAT' (='to lease'), would be rejected by the procedure because the corresponding sentence element has a form and a meaning which are not in function of its being dependent to ARENDOVAT', but would have the same form and meaning in other contexts. An analysis of the syntax and semantics of the Dutch verb WACHTEN (='to wait') illustrates the procedure. A short contrastive analysis of Russian and Dutch 'wait' shows some interesting differences in their comparable valences and in the syntactic peculiarities of adjuncts to these verbs.

scholarly journals The Possibility of Weak V-DE-(NP)-A Constructions in Chinese

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Question ◽  
Resultative Constructions ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Aspect Marker

According to Washio’s (1997) strong and weak resultative analysis, Chinese resultative V-A-(NP) compounds allow both strong and weak resultative constructions while Chinese V-DE-(NP)-A constructions allow only strong resultative constructions, i.e., weak V-DE-(NP)-A constructions are not accepted in these constructions when the result predicate is a stage-level predicate + le. However, it can be found that these ungrammatical weak V-DE-(NP)-A constructions are possible to be grammatical in Chinese when the result predicate is an individual-level predicate or is modified by a degree word. A natural question to ask here is why so. In the paper, I will suggest a reason for it in terms of the function of DE and the aspect marker le in Chinese resultative constructions and the syntactic structures of V-DE-(NP)-A constructions.

scholarly journals Pragmatička uloga različitih tipova šutnje u romanu Kafamda bir tuhaflik autora Orhana Pamuka

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 33-65
Author(s):  
Edina Solak ◽  
Mirza Bašić
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Original Text ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
Turkish Language

In certain conversational settings, silence does not only represent the absence of speech, but it is used as a means of communication conveying different meanings. The objective of this paper is to analyze the pragmatic role of silence in Orhan Pamuk's novel Kafamda Bir Tuhaflık. Examples of silence are registered in the original text of the novel Kafamda Bir Tuhaflık and contrastive analysis was used to compare them with the types of silence presented in the translations to Bosnian language. This was used to try to establish whether certain types of silence have an identical pragmatic value in Turkish and Bosnian language. The analysis compares syntactic structures expressing different types of silence in the original text of the novel and its translations to Bosnian language. Turkish language is the initial language of the analysis. Therefore, syntactic structures expressing different examples of silence in the original text of the novel are compared to the translational equivalents in Bosnian language. The analysis of specific contextual examples shows that the success of interpersonal communication depends to a great extent on accurate knowledge and understanding of different types of silence. The results obtained from the analysis contribute to better knowledge and understanding of different types of silence in different conversational settings and they can serve as a good basis and a good starting point for further research regarding different types of silence.

scholarly journals Contrastive Study of Chinese and Indonesian Passive Sentences

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Karina Fefi Laksana Sakti ◽  
Sunarti Sunarti ◽  
Aiga Ventivani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Passive Sentence ◽  
The Difference

 The purpose of this study was to compare Chinese and Indonesian passive sentences. This article belongs to the description of qualitative research. The research methods used in this paper are description and contrastive analysis method.  The data source of this research is the Chinese and Indonesian references. The data of this research are in the form of descriptions of Mandarin passive sentences and Indonesian passive sentences. Data collection techniques in this research is to collect data relevant to research from various sources then arranged, analyzed, and drawn conclusions. First of all, describe the syntactic structures of Chinese and ndonesian passive sentences. Then comparing the syntactic structures of Chinese and ndonesian passive sentences to find out the difference of syntactic structures between Chinese and Indonesian passive sentences. The same point between Chinese and Indonesian passive syntactic structures is that both languages can change from active sentences to passive sentences, and sometimes there is no promoter. The difference between Chinese and Indonesian passive sentences lies in the position of the promoter; the morphology of predicate verb of Chinese passive sentences and Chinese active sentences are same, while the morphology of predicate verb of Indonesian Passive Sentences active sentences is different; and passive sentences in Indonesian can carry single verb. The predicate verb of the passive sentence in Chinese cannot be a single verb.

Acquiring Syntactic Structures

1984 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 551-551
Author(s):  
Rosemary J. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Syntactic Structures

Means Of Reproduction Of Communicative Semantics In Synchronous Translation Of English-Language And Chinese-Language Economic And Political Texts In Ukrainian

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (27) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Maryna Baklanova ◽  
Oleksandra Popova
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
English Language ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Simultaneous Translation

This article is devoted to the problem dealing with the reproduction of communicative semantics while translating English, Chinese economic and political texts into Ukrainian. The content and structure of simultaneous translation were analysed. A contrastive analysis of the linguistic features of the English, Chinese and Ukrainian communicative semantics was made. Some tactics enabling the reproduction of the texts under research into the Ukrainian language within simultaneous translation were specified. Key words: simultaneous translation, transformations, the Chinese language, the English language, the Ukrainian language, speech tempo, time frame.

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