Improved Cold Tolerance is Associated with Altered Cell Wall Composition in Pre-Planted Tobacco

Tobacco seedlings produced by floating system are susceptible to cold injury. This problem can be solved by pre-planting technique. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying the improved cold tolerance in pre-planting tobacco. To investigate it, the cytological features of the leaf and root cells from floating and pre-planting tobacco were studied. Obvious cold injury and rupture of cell membrane system were observed in the cells from floating tobacco under cold stress conditions but very little in the cells from pre-planting tobacco. The cell wall in cells from pre-planting tobacco was thicker than in floating tobacco before cold stress. The cell wall was higher in cellulose and pectin contents in pre-planting tobacco than in floating tobacco before and after cold stress. These results suggest that pre-planting technique facilitates the accumulation of cell wall compositions-cellulose and pectin in pre-planting plants to prevent the cold injury, and possibly attenuates the negative effect of flooding stress on cell wall composition. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

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The amounts and rates of export of polysaccharides found within the membrane system of maize root cells

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1420139 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 142 (1) ◽

pp. 139-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Dianna J. Bowles ◽

D. H. Northcote

Keyword(s):

Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Cell Wall ◽

Golgi Apparatus ◽

Cell Surface ◽

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Membrane System ◽

Maize Root ◽

Wall Material ◽

Cell Wall Material ◽

Root Cells

1. Maize seedling roots were incubated in vivo with d-[U-14C]glucose for 2, 5, 10, 15, 30 and 45min. The total incorporation of radioactivity into polysaccharide components in isolated fractions was investigated, and the pattern of incorporation into different polysaccharide components within the rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and exported material was analysed. 2. The membrane compartments reached a saturation value of radioactivity in polysaccharide components by 30min incubation. Radioactivity in exported polysaccharide continued to increase after that time. The latter was formed and maintained by a steady-state turnover of polysaccharide synthesis and transport from the membrane system. 3. If the only access of the slime polysaccharide to the cell surface is via dictyosome-derived vesicles, the amount of slime components in the Golgi apparatus would have to be displaced every 0.3min in order to maintain the observed rates of increase in slime. This is in contrast with a displacement time of about 2.5min that is necessary for polysaccharide components in the Golgi apparatus to produce the observed increase in cell-wall material. The activity of the membrane system in the production of maize root slime is 8 times as great as that of the membrane system involved in cell-wall synthesis. 4. If the amount of polysaccharide material in the Golgi apparatus is maintained only by inflow of polymeric material from the rough endoplasmic reticulum the total amount of slime components in the rough endoplasmic reticulum would have to be displaced every 7min to maintain a constant amount in the Golgi apparatus. If the endoplasmic reticulum contributed directly to the cell surface in the synthesis of cell-wall material, displacement times necessary to maintain the observed rate of polymer production would be very slow.

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Gold Nanoparticles-Induced Modifications in Cell Wall Composition in Barley Roots

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10081965 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1965

Author(s):

Anna Milewska-Hendel ◽

Katarzyna Sala ◽

Weronika Gepfert ◽

Ewa Kurczyńska

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Cell Wall ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Direct Contact ◽

Cell Wall Composition ◽

Arabinogalactan Protein ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Surface Charges ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Root Cells

The increased use of nanoparticles (NP) in different industries inevitably results in their release into the environment. In such conditions, plants come into direct contact with NP. Knowledge about the uptake of NP by plants and their effect on different developmental processes is still insufficient. Our studies concerned analyses of the changes in the chemical components of the cell walls of Hordeum vulgare L. roots that were grown in the presence of gold nanoparticles (AuNP). The analyses were performed using the immunohistological method and fluorescence microscopy. The obtained results indicate that AuNP with different surface charges affects the presence and distribution of selected pectic and arabinogalactan protein (AGP) epitopes in the walls of root cells.

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Internode structure and cell wall composition in maturing tillers of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum. L)

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2006.10.020 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 98 (16) ◽

pp. 2985-2992 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Gautam Sarath ◽

Lisa M. Baird ◽

Kenneth P. Vogel ◽

Robert B. Mitchell

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Panicum Virgatum ◽

Cell Wall Composition ◽

Panicum Virgatum L

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Combining QTL-seq and linkage mapping to fine map a candidate gene in qCTS6 for cold tolerance at the seedling stage in rice

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-021-03076-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Luomiao Yang ◽

Jingguo Wang ◽

Zhenghong Han ◽

Lei Lei ◽

Hua Long Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Cold Tolerance ◽

Regulatory Gene ◽

Snp Markers ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

Sequencing Data ◽

Coding Region ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Major Qtl

Abstract Background Cold stress caused by low temperatures is an important factor restricting rice production. Identification of cold-tolerance genes that can stably express in cold environments is crucial for molecular rice breeding. Results In this study, we employed high-throughput quantitative trait locus sequencing (QTL-seq) analyses in a 460-individual F2:3 mapping population to identify major QTL genomic regions governing cold tolerance at the seedling stage in rice. A novel major QTL (qCTS6) controlling the survival rate (SR) under low-temperature conditions of 9°C/10 days was mapped on the 2.60-Mb interval on chromosome 6. Twenty-seven single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were designed for the qCST6 region based on re-sequencing data, and local QTL mapping was conducted using traditional linkage analysis. Eventually, we mapped qCTS6 to a 96.6-kb region containing 13 annotated genes, of which seven predicted genes contained 13 non-synonymous SNP loci. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis revealed that only Os06g0719500, an OsbZIP54 transcription factor, was strongly induced by cold stress. Haplotype analysis confirmed that +376 bp (T>A) in the OsbZIP54 coding region played a key role in regulating cold tolerance in rice. Conclusion We identified OsbZIP54 as a novel regulatory gene associated with rice cold-responsive traits, with its Dongfu-104 allele showing specific cold-induction expression serving as an important molecular variation for rice improvement. This result is expected to further exploration of the genetic mechanism of rice cold tolerance at the seedling stage and improve cold tolerance in rice varieties by marker-assisted selection.

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CO2 enrichment leads to altered cell wall composition in plants of Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen (Amaranthaceae)

Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) ◽

10.1007/s11240-021-02031-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Eliza Louback ◽

Diego Silva Batista ◽

Tiago Augusto Rodrigues Pereira ◽

Talita Cristina Mamedes-Rodrigues ◽

Tatiane Dulcineia Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Co2 Enrichment ◽

Cell Wall Composition ◽

Pfaffia Glomerata ◽

Altered Cell

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Correction to: Assessing the impacts of cell wall composition on the optimum stage for “Uradome” in moso bamboo

Journal of Wood Science ◽

10.1186/s10086-021-01983-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yuka Furusawa ◽

Tatsuya Ashitani

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Cell Wall Composition ◽

Moso Bamboo

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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Gene Modules Associated with Cold Tolerance in Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.)

Journal of Plant Growth Regulation ◽

10.1007/s00344-021-10437-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xing Huang ◽

Yongsheng Liang ◽

Baoqing Zhang ◽

Xiupeng Song ◽

Yangrui Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Cold Tolerance ◽

Cold Resistance ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Resistance Mechanism ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Calcium Signal ◽

Protein Kinase Activity ◽

Comparative Transcriptome ◽

Climate Conditions

AbstractSugarcane is an important crop worldwide, and most sugar is derived directly from sugarcane. Due to its thermophilic nature, the yield of sugarcane is largely influenced by extreme climate conditions, especially cold stress. Therefore, the development of sugarcane with improved cold tolerance is an important goal. However, little is known about the multiple mechanisms underlying cold acclimation at the bud stage in sugarcane. In this study, we emphasized that sensitivity to cold stress was higher for the sugarcane variety ROC22 than for GT42, as determined by physical signs, including bud growth capacity, relative conductivity, malonaldehyde contents, and soluble sugar contents. To understand the factors contributing to the difference in cold tolerance between ROC22 and GT42, comparative transcriptome analyses were performed. We found that genes involved in the regulation of the stability of the membrane system were the relative determinants of difference in cold tolerance. Additionally, genes related to protein kinase activity, starch metabolism, and calcium signal transduction were associated with cold tolerance. Finally, 25 candidate genes, including 23 variety-specific and 2 common genes, and 7 transcription factors were screened out for understanding the possible cold resistance mechanism. The findings of this study provide candidate gene resources for cold resistance and will improve our understanding of the regulation of cold tolerance at the bud stage in sugarcane.

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GRAS-domain transcription factor PAT1 regulates jasmonic acid biosynthesis in grape cold stress response

Plant Physiology ◽

10.1093/plphys/kiab142 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zemin Wang ◽

Darren Chern Jan Wong ◽

Yi Wang ◽

Guangzhao Xu ◽

Chong Ren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stress Response ◽

Cold Stress ◽

Cold Tolerance ◽

Cold Treatment ◽

Ectopic Expression ◽

Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation ◽

Luciferase Reporter ◽

Vitis Amurensis ◽

Mobility Shift

Abstract Cultivated grapevine (Vitis) is a highly valued horticultural crop, and cold stress affects its growth and productivity. Wild Amur grape (Vitis amurensis) PAT1 (Phytochrome A signal transduction 1, VaPAT1) is induced by low temperature, and ectopic expression of VaPAT1 enhances cold tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of VaPAT1 during the cold stress response in grapevine. Here, we confirmed the overexpression of VaPAT1 in transformed grape calli enhanced cold tolerance. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays highlighted an interaction between VaPAT1 with INDETERMINATE-DOMAIN 3 (VaIDD3). A role of VaIDD3 in cold tolerance was also indicated. Transcriptome analysis revealed VaPAT1 and VaIDD3 overexpression and cold treatment coordinately modulate the expression of stress-related genes including lipoxygenase 3 (LOX3), a gene encoding a key jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme. Co-expression network analysis indicated LOX3 might be a downstream target of VaPAT1. Both electrophoretic mobility shift and dual luciferase reporter assays showed the VaPAT1-IDD3 complex binds to the IDD-box (AGACAAA) in the VaLOX3 promoter to activate its expression. Overexpression of both VaPAT1 and VaIDD3 increased the transcription of VaLOX3 and JA levels in transgenic grape calli. Conversely, VaPAT1-SRDX (dominant repression) and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of PAT1-ED causing the loss of the C-terminus in grape calli dramatically prohibited the accumulation of VaLOX3 and JA levels during cold treatment. Together, these findings point to a pivotal role of VaPAT1 in the cold stress response in grape by regulating JA biosynthesis.

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