scholarly journals Molecular and Phenotypic Analysis of Bread Wheat Varieties in Relation to Durable Rust Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
pp. 329-336
Author(s):  
Anisa Intikhab
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Slow Rusting ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Plant Stage

Global wheat production is constantly threatened by rust diseases. Identifying resistant genes is a useful tactic to control wheat rust pathogen. Twenty-six wheat varieties were screened with twelve Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers to detect rust resistant genes and the efficacy of genes was validated through field testing. The alleles Lr32, Lr39, Lr50, SrCad and SrWeb were not amplified in the varieties included in this study. The SSR markers indicated that the varieties viz., Chakwal-97, Bakhar-2002 and Lasani-2008 had a combination of 02 slow rusting alleles (Lr46/Yr29 and Yr18/Lr34). The adult plant resistance (APR) allele Yr17 was less prevalent and found only in BWL-97. However, Noshera-96 had a slow rusting combination of Lr67/Yr46 and Lr46/Yr46 alleles. The Lr46/Yr29 identified in 50% of the varieties, Yr18/Lr34 in 19.23%, Lr32 in 11.54%, and multiple APR alleles in 19.32%. Their resistance was validated through a field trap nursery for 3 consecutive seasons. The slow rusting combination of Lr46/Yr29 and Yr18/Lr34 was comparatively more effective than Lr67/Yr46 and Lr46/Yr29 alleles under field conditions. The varieties Yecora-70, Lylpure-73 and Tandojam-83 showed highly susceptible phenotype. The varieties Chakwal-86, Pirsabak-2005, Fareed-2006, and Sehar-2006 showed resistant to moderately resistant phenotype at high-temperature adult-plant stage. The cluster diagram divided the varieties into two distinct clades. The clade II depicted the abundance of APR allele Lr46/Yr29. The varieties contain valuable sources of durable rust resistant alleles that can be exploited to deploy rust resistance in future wheat cultivars. It has been observed that the varieties approved for commercial cultivation after 1990s and onwards contain APR alleles. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

scholarly journals Mining of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes Content in Egyptian Bread Wheat Collection

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1378
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. M. Atia ◽  
Eman A. El-Khateeb ◽  
Reem M. Abd El-Maksoud ◽  
Mohamed A. Abou-Zeid ◽  
Arwa Salah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Lr Genes ◽  
Slow Rusting

Wheat is a major nutritional cereal crop that has economic and strategic value worldwide. The sustainability of this extraordinary crop is facing critical challenges globally, particularly leaf rust disease, which causes endless problems for wheat farmers and countries and negatively affects humanity’s food security. Developing effective marker-assisted selection programs for leaf rust resistance in wheat mainly depends on the availability of deep mining of resistance genes within the germplasm collections. This is the first study that evaluated the leaf rust resistance of 50 Egyptian wheat varieties at the adult plant stage for two successive seasons and identified the absence/presence of 28 leaf rust resistance (Lr) genes within the studied wheat collection. The field evaluation results indicated that most of these varieties demonstrated high to moderate leaf rust resistance levels except Gemmeiza 1, Gemmeiza 9, Giza162, Giza 163, Giza 164, Giza 165, Sids 1, Sids 2, Sids 3, Sakha 62, Sakha 69, Sohag 3 and Bany Swif 4, which showed fast rusting behavior. On the other hand, out of these 28 Lr genes tested against the wheat collection, 21 Lr genes were successfully identified. Out of 15 Lr genes reported conferring the adult plant resistant or slow rusting behavior in wheat, only five genes (Lr13, Lr22a, Lr34, Lr37, and Lr67) were detected within the Egyptian collection. Remarkedly, the genes Lr13, Lr19, Lr20, Lr22a, Lr28, Lr29, Lr32, Lr34, Lr36, Lr47, and Lr60, were found to be the most predominant Lr genes across the 50 Egyptian wheat varieties. The molecular phylogeny results also inferred the same classification of field evaluation, through grouping genotypes characterized by high to moderate leaf rust resistance in one cluster while being highly susceptible in a separate cluster, with few exceptions.

scholarly journals Resistance to rusts in Bangladeshi wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S155-S159 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.K. Malaker ◽  
M.M.A. Reza
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Slow Rusting ◽  
Resistant Lines

Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina is the most important disease among the three rusts of wheat in Bangladesh. The disease occurs in all wheat growing areas of the country with varying degrees of severity. Stem rust caused by P. graminis f.sp. tritici was last observed during the mid 1980s, while yellow rust caused by P. striiformis f.sp. tritici occurs occasionally in the north-western region, where a relatively cooler climate prevails during the winter months. None of the rusts has yet reached an epidemic level, but damaging epidemics may occur in future, particularly if a virulent race develops or is introduced. The genes conferring rust resistance in the breeding lines and wheat varieties released in Bangladesh were investigated at CIMMYT-Mexico and DWR-India. The resistance genes Lr1, Lr3, Lr10, Lr13, Lr23 and Lr26, Sr2, Sr5, Sr7b, Sr8b, Sr9b, Sr11 and Sr31; and Yr2KS and Yr9 were found. An adult plant slow rusting resistance gene Lr34 was also identified in some of the breeding lines and varieties based on the presence of clear leaf tip necrosis under field conditions. Considering the possible risk of migration of the devastating Ug99 race of stem rust into the Indo-Pak subcontinent, the Bangladeshi wheat lines and cultivars are being regularly sent to KARI in Kenya for testing their resistance against this race. The resistant lines have been included in multi-location yield trials and multiplied for future use in order to mitigate the threat of Ug99. The resistant lines have also been included in crossing schemes to develop genetic diversity of rust resistance.

scholarly journals Combining Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Genotyping Array with Bulked Segregant Analysis to Map a Gene Controlling Adult Plant Resistance to Stripe Rust in Wheat Line 03031-1-5 H62

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhui Wu ◽  
Qilin Wang ◽  
Liangsheng Xu ◽  
Xianming Chen ◽  
Bei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Wheat Line ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Kasp Markers

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat worldwide. Growing resistant cultivars is considered the best approach to manage this disease. In order to identify the resistance gene(s) in wheat line 03031-1-5 H62, which displayed high resistance to stripe rust at adult plant stage, a cross was made between 03031-1-5 H62 and susceptible cultivar Avocet S. The mapping population was tested with Chinese P. striiformis f. sp. tritici race CYR32 through artificial inoculation in a field in Yangling, Shaanxi Province and under natural infection in Tianshui, Gansu Province. The segregation ratios indicated that the resistance was conferred by a single dominant gene, temporarily designated as YrH62. A combination of bulked segregant analysis (BSA) with wheat 90K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array was used to identify molecular markers linked to YrH62. A total of 376 polymorphic SNP loci identified from the BSA analysis were located on chromosome 1B, from which 35 kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers selected together with 84 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers on 1B were used to screen polymorphism and a chromosome region associated with rust resistance was identified. To saturate the chromosomal region covering the YrH62 locus, a 660K SNP array was used to identify more SNP markers. To develop tightly linked markers for marker-assisted selection of YrH62 in wheat breeding, 18 SNPs were converted into KASP markers. A final linkage map consisting of 15 KASP and 3 SSR markers was constructed with KASP markers AX-109352427 and AX-109862469 flanking the YrH62 locus in a 1.0 cM interval. YrH62 explained 63.8 and 69.3% of the phenotypic variation for disease severity and infection type, respectively. YrH62 was located near the centromeric region of chromosome 1BS based on the positions of the SSR markers in 1B deletion bins. Based on the origin, responses to P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races, and marker distances, YrH62 is likely different from the other reported stripe rust resistance genes/quantitative trait loci on 1B. The gene and tightly linked KASP markers will be useful for breeding wheat cultivars with resistance to stripe rust.

scholarly journals Mapping of QTL conferring leaf rust resistance in Chinese wheat lines W014204 and Fuyu 3 at adult plant stage

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-yong QI ◽  
Pei-pei ZHANG ◽  
Yue ZHOU ◽  
Zhan-jun YAO ◽  
Zai-feng LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Adult Plant Stage ◽  
Plant Stage ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Chinese Wheat

scholarly journals An EST-SSR marker, bu099658, and its potential use in breeding for yellow rust resistance in wheat

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hasancebi ◽  
Z. Mert ◽  
F. Ertugrul ◽  
K. Akan ◽  
Y. Aydin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Ssr Marker ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Yellow Rust Resistance ◽  
Plant Stage ◽  
Susceptible Bulk ◽  
Dna Fragment

EST-SSR markers, derived from the A and B genomes of wheat were used to identify molecular markers associated with yellow rust resistance. For this purpose, bulk segregant analysis was performed using 114 EST-SSR primer pairs. They were screened on the parent genotypes and resistant/susceptible DNA pools from the cross between Izgi2001 (resistant male parent) × ES14 (susceptible female parent) at the seedling and adult plant stage. An EST-SSR marker, bu099658, generated the 206 bp DNA fragment that was present in the resistant parent and resistant bulk, but it was not present in the susceptible parent and the susceptible bulk. To investigate its association with Yr genes, 20 individuals of NILs were also amplified with BU099658 and the 206 bp marker fragment was obtained only in Yr1/6 × Avocet S. Additionally, bu099658 was screened on 65 genotypes which possessed different Yr genes/gene combination(s) and Yr1. The results indicate a close linkage of bu099658 with the Yr1 gene.

GENES FOR STEM RUST RESISTANCE IN WHEAT VARIETIES HOPE AND H-44

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Knott
Keyword(s):  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Chromosome 3B

Tests were carried out to identify and locate the genes for resistance to races 15B-1L and 56 in Hope and H-44. The gene Sr1 which conditions resistance to race 56 was found to be either very closely linked or more probably allelic to Sr9. It is proposed that it be redesignated Sr9d. The gene Sr2 which conditions adult plant resistance to race 56 appears to be on chromosome 3B. The recessive gene conditioning resistance to race 15B-1L was identified as sr17 which is on chromosome 7B.

scholarly journals A Genome-Wide Association Study of Resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei and P. graminis f. sp. tritici in Barley and Development of Resistant Germplasm

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 1082-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Hernandez ◽  
Alicia del Blanco ◽  
Tanya Filichkin ◽  
Scott Fisk ◽  
Lynn Gallagher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Adult Plant Stage ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Plant Stage

Stripe rust (incited by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei) and stem rust (incited by P. graminis f. sp. tritici) are two of the most important diseases affecting barley. Building on prior work involving the introgression of the resistance genes rpg4/Rpg5 into diverse genetic backgrounds and the discovery of additional quantitative trait locus (QTLs) for stem rust resistance, we generated an array of germplasm in which we mapped resistance to stripe rust and stem rust. Stem rust races TTKSK and QCCJB were used for resistance mapping at the seedling and adult plant stages, respectively. Resistance to stripe rust, at the adult plant stage, was determined by QTLs on chromosomes 1H, 4H, and 5H that were previously reported in the literature. The rpg4/Rpg5 complex was validated as a source of resistance to stem rust at the seedling stage. Some parental germplasm, selected as potentially resistant to stem rust or susceptible but having other positive attributes, showed resistance at the seedling stage, which appears to be allelic to rpg4/Rpg5. The rpg4/Rpg5 complex, and this new allele, were not sufficient for adult plant resistance to stem rust in one environment. A QTL on 5H, distinct from Rpg5 and a previously reported resistance QTL, was required for resistance at the adult plant stage in all environments. This QTL is coincident with the QTL for stripe rust resistance. Germplasm with mapped genes/QTLs conferring resistance to stripe and stem rust was identified and is available as a resource to the research and breeding communities.

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